scholarly journals Tocotrienol Supplementation Improves Late-Phase Fracture Healing Compared to Alpha-Tocopherol in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Biomechanical Evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharlina Mohamad ◽  
Ahmad Nazrun Shuid ◽  
Sabarul Afian Mokhtar ◽  
Shahrum Abdullah ◽  
Ima Nirwana Soelaiman
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Load Parameter ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

This study investigated the effects ofα-tocopherol and palm oil tocotrienol supplementations on bone fracture healing in postmenopausal osteoporosis rats. 32 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. The first group was sham operated (SO), while the others were ovariectomised. After 2 months, the right femora were fractured under anesthesia and fixed with K-wire. The SO and ovariectomised-control rats (OVXC) were given olive oil (vehicle), while both the alpha-tocopherol (ATF) and tocotrienol-enriched fraction (TEF) groups were given alpha-tocopherol and tocotrienol-enriched fraction, respectively, at the dose of 60 mg/kg via oral gavages 6 days per week for 8 weeks. The rats were then euthanized and the femora dissected out for bone biomechanical testing to assess their strength. The callous of the TEF group had significantly higher stress parameter than the SO and OVXC groups. Only the SO group showed significantly higher strain parameter compared to the other treatment groups. The load parameter of the OVXC and ATF groups was significantly lower than the SO group. There was no significant difference in the Young’s modulus between the groups. In conclusion, tocotrienol is better thanα-tocopherol in improving the biomechanical properties of the fracture callous in postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model.

Cell-Free Book-Shaped Decellularized Tendon Matrix Graft Capable of Controlled Release of BMP-12 to Improve Tendon Healing in a Rat Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199455
Author(s):  
Han Xiao ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Muzhi Li ◽  
Qiang Shi ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
A Cell

Background: Achilles tendon (AT) defects often occur in traumatic and chronic injuries. Currently, no graft can satisfactorily regenerate parallel tendinous tissue at the defect site to completely restore AT function. Purpose: To develop a cell-free functional graft by tethering bone morphogenetic protein 12 (BMP-12) on a book-shaped decellularized tendon matrix (BDTM) and to determine whether this graft is more beneficial for AT defect healing than an autograft. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Canine patellar tendon was sectioned into a book shape and decellularized to fabricate a BDTM. The collagen-binding domain (CBD) was fused into the N-terminus of BMP-12 to synthesize a recombinant BMP-12 (CBD-BMP-12), which was tethered to the BDTM to prepare a cell-free functional graft (CBD-BMP-12/BDTM). After its tensile resistance, tenogenic inducibility, and BMP-12 release dynamics were evaluated, the efficacy of the graft for tendon regeneration was determined in a rat model. A total of 140 mature male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent AT tenotomy. The defect was reconstructed with reversed AT (autograft group), native BMP-12 tethered to an intact decellularized tendon matrix (IDTM; NAT-BMP-12/IDTM group), native BMP-12 tethered to a BDTM (NAT-BMP-12/BDTM group), CBD-BMP-12 tethered on an IDTM (CBD-BMP-12/IDTM group), and CBD-BMP-12 tethered on a BDTM (CBD-BMP-12/BDTM group). The rats were sacrificed 4 or 8 weeks after surgery to harvest AT specimens. Six specimens from each group at each time point were used for histological evaluation; the remaining 8 specimens were used for biomechanical testing. Results: In vitro CBD-BMP-12/BDTM was noncytotoxic, showed high biomimetics with native tendons, was suitable for cell adhesion and growth, and had superior tenogenic inducibility. In vivo the defective AT in the CBD-BMP-12/BDTM group regenerated more naturally than in the other groups, as indicated by more spindle-shaped fibroblasts embedded in a matrix of parallel fibers. The biomechanical properties of the regenerated AT in the CBD-BMP-12/BDTM group also increased more significantly than in the other groups. Conclusion: CBD-BMP-12/BDTM is more beneficial than autograft for healing AT defects in a rat model. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study demonstrate that CBD-BMP-12/BDTM can serve as a practical graft for reconstructing AT defects.

Bone Oxidative Changes during Early Fracture Healing of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Rat Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1193-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazrun Shuid ◽  
Sharlina Mohamad ◽  
Norazlina Mohamed ◽  
Sabarul Afian Mokhtar ◽  
Norliza Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Rat Model

A Biomechanical Comparison of Three Miniature Locking Plate Systems in a Rabbit Radial and Ulnar Fracture Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harue Takizawa ◽  
Muneki Honnami ◽  
Takamasa Sakai ◽  
Akari Sasaki ◽  
Ayumi Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Fracture Stabilization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ulnar Fracture ◽  
Fracture Models

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of three different miniature locking plate systems used to fixate radial and ulnar fractures in toy breed dogs. Implant size, shape, material and locking systems differ, and their influence on the fracture healing process is unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this matter in vivo using rabbit radial and ulnar fracture models. Study Design Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, and the left radius and ulna were osteotomized to create fracture models. The osteotomies were then fixated using either the TITAN LOCK 1.5, Fixin micro or LCP 1.5 system. Radiographs were obtained 2, 3 and 4 weeks after surgery. Four weeks after surgery, the radiuses were collected and used for biomechanical testing or histological examinations. Results During the 4 weeks of observation, no adverse effects due to the implants occurred. The radiographic scores in each group did not differ significantly at any time point. The maximum load in the LCP group was significantly higher than that in the TITAN and Fixin groups. There was no significant difference in bending stiffness or work to failure among the groups. Initial fracture healing via woven bone was evident at histological evaluation. Conclusions All three miniature locking plate systems provided adequate fracture stabilization 4 weeks after surgery, despite their differences, in rabbit models.

scholarly journals Males and females exhibit distinct relationships between intervertebral disc degeneration and pain in a rat model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace E. Mosley ◽  
Minghui Wang ◽  
Philip Nasser ◽  
Alon Lai ◽  
Daniel A. Charen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Discogenic Pain ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ivd Degeneration

Abstract Back pain is linked to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, but clinical studies show the relationship is complex. This study assessed whether males and females have distinct relationships between IVD degeneration and pain using an in vivo rat model. Forty-eight male and female Sprague–Dawley rats had lumbar IVD puncture or sham surgery. Six weeks after surgery, IVDs were evaluated by radiologic IVD height, histological grading, and biomechanical testing. Pain was assessed by von Frey assay and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) expression of Calca and Tac1 genes. Network analysis visualized which measures of IVD degeneration most related to pain by sex. In both females and males, annular puncture induced structural IVD degeneration, but functional biomechanical properties were similar to sham. Females and males had distinct differences in mechanical allodynia and DRG gene expression, even though sex differences in IVD measurements were limited. Network analysis also differed by sex, with more associations between annular puncture injury and pain in the male network. Sex differences exist in the interactions between IVD degeneration and pain. Limited correlation between measures of pain and IVD degeneration highlights the need to evaluate pain or nociception in IVD degeneration models to better understand nervous system involvement in discogenic pain.

scholarly journals Ginkgo Biloba improves bone formation during fracture healing: an experimental study in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizamettin Guzel ◽  
Emrah Sayit ◽  
Osman Aynaci ◽  
Servet Kerimoglu ◽  
Esin Yulug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Kirschner Wire ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) is a plant extract obtained from the leaves of the G. biloba tree. The aim of this study was to assess the histological and radiological effects of G. biloba extract on fracture healing in an experimental fracture model using rat femurs. METHODS: Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats (weight: 195-252 g; age: 20 weeks) were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=8). A transverse fracture was made in the middle of the right femur of each rat and fixed with a Kirschner wire. The G. biloba groups received 60 mg/kg oral G. biloba extract once daily. No medication was given to the control groups. On days 7, 21 and 35, both sets of femurs were evaluated radiologically and histopathologically. RESULTS: Histological evaluation revealed that the G. biloba groups had significant differences at 21 and 35 days (p<0.05). The G. biloba group showed a significant difference in terms of bone formation on day 21 when compared to the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that the use of G. biloba extract accelerated fracture healing. Both radiological and histological differences were detected, but the histological differences were more remarkable. Level of Evidence I, High Quality Randomized Trial.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF HIGH-DOSE VITAMIN C AND HYALURONIC ACID ON TENDON HEALING

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
YASAR MAHSUT DINCEL ◽  
OKTAY ADANIR ◽  
YAVUZ ARIKAN ◽  
AYSEL KARA CAGLAR ◽  
SUZAN CANSEL DOGRU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Dose Vitamin

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the histopathologic and biomechanical effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) and high-dose vitamin C (VC) on rat Achilles tendon healing. Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to HA and VC and control groups with equal numbers. Each group was further divided into two subgroups to be sacrificed on Day 15 (n=8) and Day 30 (n=8). The Achilles tendons were cut and repaired. While the control rats remained untreated, HA and VC were administered after repair. The repaired tendons were removed for biomechanical and histopathologic analyses. In the biomechanical tests, the tendons were stretched to failure and maximum forces were measured. For histopathologic examination, the specimens were interpreted semiquantitatively using Movin’s grading scale and Bonar scores. Results: The highest mean forces were obtained in the HA group on Day 15 and in the VC group on Day 30, with a significant difference between HA and VC on Day 15 between control and VC on Day 30 (p<0.05). Histological examination showed both Movin and Bonar scores decreased in all groups on Day 30, with significant improvements in the HA and VC groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that both VC and HA had therapeutic effects on tendon healing, especially in the late phase. Level of Evidence I; High quality randomized trial with statistically significant difference.

scholarly journals Effect of Cervus and Cucumis Peptides on Osteoblast Activity and Fracture Healing in Osteoporotic Bone

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Yuan Wang ◽  
Yue Tian ◽  
Mei Yuan ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ji-Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Osteoblast Activity

Osteoporosis is associated with delayed and/or reduced fracture healing. As cervus and cucumis are the traditional Chinese treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, we investigated the effect of supplementation of these peptides (CCP) on bone fracture healing in ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporotic ratsin vitroandin vivo. CCP enhanced osteoblast proliferation and increased alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), and osteopontin.In vivo, female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent ovariectomy and the right femora were fractured and fixed by intramedullary nailing 3 months later. Rats received intraperitoneal injections of either CCP (1.67 mg/kg) or physiological saline every day for 30 days. Fracture healing and callus formation were evaluated by radiography, micro-CT, biomechanical testing, and histology. At 12 weeks after fracture, calluses in CCP-treated bones showed significantly higher torsional strength and greater stiffness than control-treated bones. Bones in CCP-treated rats reunified and were thoroughly remodeled, while two saline-treated rats showed no bone union and incomplete remodeling. Taken together, these results indicate that use of CCP after fracture in osteoporotic rats accelerates mineralization and osteogenesis and improves fracture healing.

Evaluation of Young’s Modulus in Achilles Tendons with Diabetic Neuroarthropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Grant ◽  
Eric J. Foreman ◽  
Anne S. Wilson ◽  
Dwayne A. Jacobus ◽  
Renee M. Kukla
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Normal Tendon ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Tendo Achillis

The Achilles tendon of the patient with Charcot’s foot neuroarthropathy has significantly altered physical properties compared with a normal tendon. Twenty-nine Achilles tendons from patients with Charcot’s foot (n = 20) and non-Charcot’s foot controls (n = 9) were loaded onto a biomechanical testing instrument. The biomechanical properties of the Charcot and control tendons were determined and the tendons were evaluated for differences in ultimate tensile strength and elasticity (Young’s modulus). Biomechanical test data show that there is a significant difference in ultimate tensile strength and elasticity between tendons of patients with Charcot’s foot and those of non-Charcot’s controls. The term diabetic tendo Achillis equinus is introduced as a new finding in diabetic neuroarthropathy. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(3): 242–246, 2005)

Effects of anticoagulant drugs on wound healing process in a rat model: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Çevirme ◽  
Ömer Faruk Savluk ◽  
Eylül Kafalı Başaran ◽  
Rezzan Aksoy ◽  
Ahmet Elibol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Score Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of enoxaparin, rivoraxaban and dabigatran on wound healing using a rat model. Method: Sprague-Dawley female rats (n=56), 10–12 weeks old, weight 245±30g, were used in this study. The rats were divided into four equally-sized groups. A type 1 (secondary wound healing) and type 2 (primary wound healing) wound was opened surgically on each rat in each group. Anticoagulent drugs enoxaparin, rivoraxaban and dabigatran and physiological saline solution were administered to Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. After wound healing was scored tissue samples were taken from euthanised rats at days five and 10 and examined histologically. Since time was used as a classification (days five and 10), a time effect was included. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in total score distribution in rats between type 1 secondary wounds for days five and 10 (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the overall score distribution in rats between type 2 primary wounds for days five and 10 (p>0.05). Conclusion: In addition to the use of low molecular weight heparin with well-known anticoagulation activity, the new generation oral medications are used efficiently in thromboembolic diseases. However, there was no evidence observed in this study that these drugs could be either beneficial or harmful to wound healing.

In vitro biomechanical testing of different configurations of acrylic external skeletal fixator constructs

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Tyagi ◽  
P. Kinjavdeka ◽  
Sharma Amarpal ◽  
A. M. Pawde ◽  
T. Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the in vitro biomechanical properties of four different configurations of acrylic external skeletal fixator constructs.Materials and methods: Simulated bone constructs were prepared using two segments of 20 mm ultra-high-density polyethylene rods with a gap of 5 mm. The full pins (1.5 mm) were passed through the proximal and distal segments of ultra-high-density polyethylene rods, in the same plane, parallel to each other in configuration U, and were crossed in the M1, M2 and C configurations at a 90° angle to each other. Configuration U was a single bilateral uniplanar construct, M1 was a double orthogonal bilateral construct, M2 was a double orthogonal bilateral construct with proximal and distal connecting articulations, and C was a double orthogonal bilateral construct with proximal and distal circumferential articulations. Temporary scaffolds of different external skeletal fixator configurations were constructed using commercially available polyvinyl chloride pipes (20 mm) connected and secured to the fixation pins at a fixed distance from the rods. Acrylic powder (polymer) mixed with liquid (monomer) was poured into the pipes and allowed to solidify to form the side bars and rings. The external skeletal fixator constructs were then subjected to axial compression, cranio-caudal three-point bending and torsion (n = 4 each) using a universal testing machine. Mechanical parameters, namely stress, strain, modulus of elasticity, stiffness and bending moment of fixator constructs, were determined from load-displacement curves.Results: Configuration U was the weakest and configuration C was the strongest under all the testing modes. Under compression, the M1, M2 and C configurations were similar. Under bending, a significant difference was observed among the uniplanar, multi -planar and circular configurations with no difference between M1 and M2. However, under torsion, all the external skeletal fixator configurations differed significantly.Clinical significance: The freeform external skeletal fixator using acrylic as a replacement for a metallic bar may be useful to treat bone fractures and luxations in small animals, as it is mechanically strong, lightweight, economical, and pins can be passed from any direction depending upon the clinical situation.

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