scholarly journals Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced-Stevens Johnson Syndrome: Rare Occurrence in an Adult Patient

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samad Rasul ◽  
Faria Farhat ◽  
Yared Endailalu ◽  
Fatima Tabassum Khan ◽  
Vishal Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Cutaneous Rash ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an uncommon occurrence inMycoplasma pneumoniae(M. pneumoniae) infection (1–5%) and has been mainly reported in children and young adults. We present a case of SJS in a 32-year-old male induced byM. pneumoniaeinfection. This patient presented with fever, cough, and massive occupation of mucus membranes with swelling, erythema, and necrosis accompanied by a generalized cutaneous rash. He clinically responded after treatment with antibiotics and IVIG. SJS is usually a drug-induced condition; however,M. pneumoniaeis the commonest infectious cause and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

A Case of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in an Adult Patient

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Young Sil Eom ◽  
Woo Jin Han ◽  
Kyu Hyun Yoon ◽  
Seo Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patient ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

scholarly journals Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis: A new entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ben Rejeb ◽  
Mouna Ben Hammouda ◽  
Mouna Korbi ◽  
Hichem Belhadjali ◽  
Adnene Toumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Epidermal Necrosis

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a well-known cause of community-acquired pneumonia, mostly associated with dermatological manifestations especially with mucosal involvement and targetoid cutaneous lesions. For many years, it was considered among the spectrum of erythema multiforme. Recently, some authors have recommended the creation of a new syndrome called “mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis.” This new syndrome has distinct epidemiological, clinical and histological features making it different from drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrosis and erythema multiforme. Herein, we report two patients with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory tract infection presenting severe mucocutaneous lesions in accordance with this new syndrome.

An update on HLA alleles as pharmacogenetic markers for antiepileptic drug-induced cutaneous adverse reaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sue-Mian Then ◽  
Azman Ali Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Single Gene ◽  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hla Alleles ◽  
Exfoliative Dermatitis ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are commonly used to treat the disease depending, mainly on the type of seizure. However, the use of AEDs may also lead to cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADR) such as toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), exfoliative dermatitis (ED) and drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DIHS/DRESS), which are unwanted comorbidities in epilepsy. It was first discovered that the HLA-B*15:02 allele was strongly associated with carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced SJS/TEN among Han Chinese and this led to the discovery of other HLA alleles and cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes that were significantly associated with various AED-induced cADRs across various populations.  This mini review is an update on the latest findings of the involvement of various HLA alleles and CYP alleles in cADRs caused by CBZ, phenytoin (PHT), oxcarbazepine (OXC) and lamitrogine (LTG) in different case-control studies around the world. From our review, we found that CBZ- and PHT-induced cADRs were more commonly reported than the other AEDs. Therefore, there were more robust pharmacogenetics studies related to these AEDs. OXC- and LTG-induced cADRs were less commonly reported, and so more studies are needed to validate the reported association of the newer reported HLA alleles with these AEDs. It is also important to take into account the allelic frequency within a given population before drawing conclusions about the use of these alleles as genetic markers to prevent AED-induced cADR. Overall, the current body of research point to a combination of alleles as a better pharmacogenetic marker compared to the use of a single gene as a genetic marker for AED-induced cADR.

Genetic susceptibilities and prediction modeling of carbamazepine and allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions in Vietnamese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh van Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Chi Chu ◽  
Christopher Vidal ◽  
Richard B Fulton ◽  
Nguyet Nhu Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Cutaneous Adverse Reactions

Aims: To determine genetic susceptibility markers for carbamazepine (CBZ) and allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) in Vietnamese. Methods: A case control study was performed involving 122 patients with CBZ or allopurinol induced SCARs and 120 drug tolerant controls. Results: HLA-B*58:01 was strongly associated with allopurinol-induced SCARs and strongly correlated with SNP rs9263726. HLA-B*15:02 was associated with CBZ-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis but not with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. No association was found between HLA-A*31:01 and CBZ-induced SCARs. HLA-B*58:01 and rs3909184 allele A with renal insufficiency were shown to increase the risk of allopurinol-induced SCARs. Conclusion: HLA-B*58:01 and HLA-B*15:02 confer susceptibility to allopurinol-induced SCARs and CBZ-induced SJS/TEN in Vietnamese. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs9263726 can be used as a surrogate marker in identifying HLA-B*58:01.

Rash and Mucositis Associated With Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae: A Recurrence of MIRM?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Brazel ◽  
Brooke Kulp ◽  
Geoanna Bautista ◽  
Andrew Bonwit
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
First Case ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Vesicular Rash ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Introduction A new concept has come to light recently, that is, Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM). Here, we report the first case of recurrent rash, mucositis, and conjunctivitis involving Mycoplasma pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae that fits under the criteria of what is currently defined as MIRM. Case Presentation A patient aged 12 years with a history of recurrent aphthous ulcers presented in 2013 with worsening oral lesions, conjunctivitis, and vesicular rash. Her respiratory polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panel was positive for M. pneumoniae. She was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) secondary to M. pneumoniae and treated with a macrolide, acyclovir, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The same patient returned 3 years later with an identical constellation of symptoms, at which time her PCR was positive for C. pneumoniae. In addition to IVIG and a macrolide, a corticosteroid treatment was administered. Discussion Here, we present the case of a pediatric patient with a recurrence of mucocutaneous disease that is more consistent with MIRM than the proposed SJS or erythema multiforme (EM) documented via histology. Our patient’s symptoms were controlled with azithromycin and IVIG and, in the second episode, with corticosteroids as well. This case adds to that of Mayor-Ibarguren et al, providing further evidence that C. pneumonia may also be a trigger for MIRM. Patients will benefit from expanding the definition of MIRM, as the pathogenesis differs from SJS and EM and could result in more specific treatment options.

scholarly journals Stevens - Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis; Extensive Review of Reports of Drug-Induced Etiologies, and Possible Therapeutic Modalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbenro Omotuyi John Fakoya ◽  
Princess Omenyi ◽  
Precious Anthony ◽  
Favour Anthony ◽  
Precious Etti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Stevens - Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis are adverse hypersensitivity reactions that affect the skin and mucous membranes. They are characterised by erythematous macules and hemorrhagic erosions of the mucous membranes. Epidermal detachments of varying degrees of severity also occur in these conditions. Various aetiologies are associated with these conditions, with adverse drug reaction being the most common. Though the worldwide incidence of these conditions is recorded as low, diverse types of medication are being observed to lead to these conditions. This review compiles information on the details of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, the pathophysiology, therapeutic management, and largely considers the drug-induced etiologies associated with these conditions.

scholarly journals Tufted angioma in ear auricle: importance of the differential diagnosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (6 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Andréa Avelar Pires ◽  
Brena Andrade de Sousa ◽  
Gabriela Athayde Amin ◽  
Maraya de Jesus Semblano Bittencourt ◽  
Mario Fernando Ribeiro de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Vascular Proliferation ◽  
Tufted Angioma ◽  
Ear Auricle ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Tufted angioma is an acquired vascular proliferation with specific histological characteristics. The most common clinical features are erythematous macules. It occurs predominantly in children and young adults, especially in the chest and neck. We report the case of a male patient, 12 years old, with an increased right ear auricle associated with erythematous macules and increased local temperature, referred with a diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy; however, this diagnosis was questioned. Histopathology was consistent with tufted angioma.

scholarly journals COVID toes: a unique cutaneous indicator of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Travis Dowdle ◽  
Todd Brown ◽  
Joshua Peterson ◽  
Kiana Banafshay ◽  
Jeannie Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Trends Analysis ◽  
Additional Testing ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Background: This brief review considers major aspects of COVID toes as currently understood. Topics discussed include etiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, treatment, and management. Media characterization, potentially leading to intense public interest in COVID toes during the summer of 2020, is also discussed. Methods: The literature review was conducted by selecting articles from PUBMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar based on the relevance to our topic. To determine the relative search interest of the general population, a Google Trends analysis was queried on 11/17/20 for the retrospective duration of 11/17/2019–11/17/2020. Results: The majority of patients who have presented with COVID toes are children and young adults. COVID toes generally present as acro-ischemic lesions, which are microthrombotic events in the extremities, leading to symptoms such as pseudo-chilblains or pernio-like lesions. Chilblains are histologically classified as an inflammatory disorder with a prominent perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate seen on microscopy. The regions are described as appearing erythematous to purple purpuric macules, papules, and/or vesicles. In many cases, COVID toes symptoms are self-limiting. Conclusion: The development of COVID toes represents an additional manifestation of COVID-19 that should lead to additional testing. Knowledge of these symptoms can give healthcare workers and the general public another tool for recognizing COVID-19. Keywords: COVID toes, COVID-19, coronavirus, chilblains, pernio

scholarly journals DRUG INDUCED DERMATOLOGICAL REACTION OF THE 100 MOST COMMONLY PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS IN UK HOSPITALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
MOHAMMED AL-ABADIE ◽  
FARIS OUMEISH ◽  
MOHAMMED AL-RUBAYE ◽  
DINA AL-ABADIE ◽  
PATRICK ANTHONY BALL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Medication Side ◽  
Drug Adverse Reaction ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Dermatological Side Effects

Objective: It is commonly reported that medicines have side effects related to dermatological practice. However, it is extremely difficult to establish how commonly, or rarely skin-related medication side effects occur. Common dermatological side effects include rash, pruritus, and photosensitivity. Objective: To demonstrate the dermatological side-effects of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United Kingdom. Methods: This paper discusses dermatological side-effects of the commonly prescribed medications, including uncommon or rare manifestations such as angioedema and Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS). The list used for the most frequently prescribed drugs in the United Kingdom was created by nurses. This list was compared to the British National Formulary to demonstrate the reported frequency of occurrence of dermatological side-effects or complications. Conclusion: The top 100 prescribed medication cause a number of dermatological side effects that need to be considered when they are prescribed to patients who have pre-existing skin conditions. Additionally, when confronted with a common dermatological problem in any patient, clinicians should always consider the possibility of a drug adverse reaction.

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