scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Phospholipids and in the Central and External Positions of Triacylglycerol in Muscle and Subcutaneous Fat of Beef Steers Fed Diets Supplemented with Oil Containing n6 and n3 Fatty Acids While Undergoing One of Three 48 h Feed Withdrawal Treatments

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Margetak ◽  
G. Travis ◽  
T. Entz ◽  
P. S. Mir ◽  
S. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feed Withdrawal ◽  
One Year ◽  
Dietary Oil

This study was designed to determine the effects of dietary oil and feed withdrawal treatments on fatty acid composition of phospholipids of triacylglycerol in pars costalis diaphragmatis muscle and subcutaneous fat from the brisket. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted with crossbred steers with an initial body weight of 280.5 ± 5.8 kg. Steers were fed either a control or an oil containing diet where 5% of the control diet was replaced with an equal mixture sunflower and flax oil while undergoing one of three feed withdrawal treatments: no withdrawal, a single 48 h withdrawal before initiation of fattening at one year of age, or 48 h withdrawal at 8 wk intervals from weaning to initiation of fattening. At time of processing samples of muscle and fat were obtained and analyzed to determine fatty acid composition. Disproportionate distribution of the fatty acids was observed by diet, feed withdrawal regimen and whether the sample was from muscle or fat. Differences are discussed in detail, and our data suggests a special function for the fatty acids that accumulate in specific positions of the triacylglycerol due to treatment.

Depot fatty acids of Aberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle reared on hay and barley diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. F. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryAberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle were reared from 4 months of age to slaughter weight at 18–24 months on either high-barley or high-hay diets. Samples of subcutaneous fat were taken by biopsy at 3 monthly intervals, and the degree of fatness of each animal was estimated ultrasonically prior to slaughter, and by visual inspection of the carcasses.The barley-fed animals gained weight more rapidly, and fattened more quickly than the hay-fed animals with the Angus being fatter than the Friesian at the same age. The percentage stearic acid (C18:0) in subcutaneous fat decreased with age and was replaced by octadecenoic acid (C18:l) and hexadecenoic acid (C16:l), these changes being more rapid in barley-fed than in hay-fed animals. At the same degree of fatness the depot fats of the Friesians were more unsaturated than those of the Angus, and in both breeds the fatter the animal the more unsaturated was its depot fat.In the hay-fed cattle the percentage C16:0 in subcutaneous fat increased during the last half of the experiment and at slaughter the percentage C16:0 was significantly higher, and C18:l significantly lower, in all depot fats compared with those of the barley-fed animals.It is concluded that the fatty acid composition of bovine depot fats is modulated by the degree of fattening, and can be affected by diet.

Genetic variation in fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat in cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kelly ◽  
R. K. Tume ◽  
S. Newman ◽  
J. M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Selection For

Genetic parameters were estimated for fatty acid composition of subcutaneous beef fat of 1573 animals which were the progeny of 157 sires across seven breeds grown out on pasture and then finished on either grain or grass in northern New South Wales or in central Queensland. There was genetic variation in individual fatty acids with estimates of heritability for the proportions of C14 : 0, C14 : 1c9, C16 : 0, C16 : 1c9, C18 : 0 and C18 : 1c9 fatty acids in subcutaneous beef fat of the order of 0.4 or above. Also substantial correlations between some fatty acids were observed. Genetic correlations between fatty acids and fat depth at the P8 site suggested that much of the genetic variation in fatty acid composition was related to changes in fatness. Selection for decreased fatness resulted in decreased proportions of C18 : 1c9 with concomitant increases in C18 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0. This suggested that selection for decreased fatness at a given weight will result in a decrease in the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous fat in the carcass with a corresponding increase in the proportions of saturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

The effect of triterpenoid saponins fromSaponaria officinalison some blood hormones, metabolic parameters and fatty acid composition in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SZKUDELSKA ◽  
M. SZUMACHER-STRABEL ◽  
J. SZCZECHOWIAK ◽  
M. BRYSZAK ◽  
E. PERS-KAMCZYC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins

SUMMARYAn experiment was performed to determine the effect of triterpenoid saponins from powdered root ofSaponaria officinalisL. (SO) on some blood metabolic parameters and hormone concentrations in dairy cows. Three dairy Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were used in the experiment in a 3 × 3 Latin Square arrangement. Animals were fed twice a day with a control diet and two experimental diets – a diet supplemented with either 440 or 660 g/d of the powderedS. officinalisroot (SO1 and SO2, respectively). Each of the three experimental cycles lasted for 26 days, including a 23-day adaptation period and a 3-day sample collection period. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein from 24th to 26th day of the experiment. Total high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL), as well as triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA) and glucose, were assayed in serum. Fatty acid composition in the blood was also analysed. Moreover, concentrations of insulin, glucagon, leptin, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were measured. It was demonstrated that total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly elevated in the blood of cows treated with experimental diets; however, LDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. No concentrations of triglycerides, FFA or glucose were influenced by saponins. Two fatty acids (C16 : 0 and C16 : 1c9) were markedly reduced when SO was used, while C18 : 1t11decreased with increasing levels of SO. The significant increase of C20 : 4n-6in animals treated with SO was observed. Both saponin diets resulted in a slight increase in insulin concentration and the SO2 diet evoked an emphatic rise of glucagon concentration. The concentration of T3 also increased after consumption of the experimental diet. The current study shows for the first time that triterpenoid saponins fromS. officinaliscan alter blood parameters in ruminants. These effects seem to result from saponin-induced changes in the rumen.

Changes in the fatty acid composition of steer subcutaneous fat, including biohydrogenation products, are minimal when finished on combinations of corn and barley grains and silages.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payam Vahmani ◽  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
Gregory B. Penner ◽  
Nuria Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Total N ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Corn Grain

Corn production in Western Canada has increased with development of short-season varieties partially offsetting the use of barley as a silage and grain source. The current study evaluated effects of silage and cereal-grain source on subcutaneous fat composition of finishing cattle. Steers (465 ± 28.0 kg) were assigned to 24 pens (12 steers/pen) in a 2 x 3 factorial design for an 89-d finishing study. Diets contained corn-silage (CS) or barley-silage (BS) at 8% (DM) combined with either dry rolled barley-grain (BG; 86% of DM), corn-grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of barley- and corn-grain (BCG; 85% of DM). Bone-in ribeyes were collected from four steers-per-pen and subcutaneous fatty acids analyzed by gas chromatography. Feeding dry-rolled corn-grain increased dietary fat and 18:2n-6 concentrations resulting in small increases in 18:2n-6, total n-6 fatty acids, and n-6/n-3 ratios in subcutaneous fat (P < 0.05). There were no changes in proportions of major trans-18:1 isomers (t10-18:1 or t11-18:1), the main natural isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-18:2), or n-3 fatty acids. Substitution of dry rolled corn-grain for barley-grain in finisher diets can, therefore, be done without substantially altering the fatty acid composition of beef, including polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products.

scholarly journals Effect of breed and age on beef carcass quality, fatness and fatty acid composition

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 958-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kelava Ugarković ◽  
A. Ivanković ◽  
M. Konjačić
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Tissue ◽  
Beef Carcass

Abstract. The aim of this research was to determine differences in beef carcass fatness and in the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue of three different breeds slaughtered at the age of 14 months and 19 months. The breed significantly affected the muscle fat content, carcass subcutaneous fat tissue thickness and fatty acid composition of the muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue. Different age at slaughter had no significant effect on analysed traits. The muscle tissue of the Herefords contained a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of C14 : 0 and C16 : 0 fatty acids and fewer long-chain fatty acids than the Simmentals and Charolais. The subcutaneous fat tissue of the Simmentals contained a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of PUFA, PUFA/SFA ratio and n-6 fatty acids. When fed with a high-energy diet, the Herefords proved to have the most fattened carcasses and the highest content of saturated fatty acids in the muscle. Changes in the diet of feedlot cattle should result in a more favourable fatty acid composition.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF 14C-GLUCOSE ACTIVITY IN LIPID CLASSES OF PORCINE SUBCUTANEOUS FAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MYRES ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Considerable Proportion

Subcutaneous backfat samples from pigs receiving diets with or without 250 ppm supplemental copper were separated into glycerides (GLY) and free fatty acids (FFA) and the fatty acid composition of each fraction was determined. In addition, the effect of dietary copper on the distribution of 14C- from U-14C-glucose between GLY and FFA in depot fat was examined. The basal diet consisted of 90.1% barley and 7.5% herring meal. Results from three experiments suggest that copper may act in adipose tissue of the pig by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in both the FFA and GLY fractions in animals of 60–70 kg liveweight. The distribution of 14C activity in the fatty acids of the GLY and FFA fractions indicated a higher specific activity of the FFA fraction compared with that of the GLY fatty acids. The GLY/FFA ratio was lower for copper-supplemented animals kept in a cold environment. The overall data suggest that a considerable proportion of newly synthesized acids exists in adipose tissue in the free form.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Egg Yolk from Chickens Fed a Diet including Marigold (Tagetes erectaL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Altuntaş ◽  
R. Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Laying Performance

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of diet supplemented with marigold on egg yolk fatty acid composition and egg quality parameters. Sixty hens were assigned into three groups and fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 10 g kg−1, or 20 g kg−1marigold for 42 days. Eggs collected at the 6th week of the study were analyzed for fatty acid analysis. Laying performance, egg quality parameters, and feed intake were also evaluated. Yolk color scores in the group fed the 20 g kg−1marigold-supplemented diet were found greater than control (10.77 versus 9.77). Inclusion of 20 g kg−1marigold in diet influenced egg weights adversely compared to the control. Diet supplemented with 10 g kg−1or 20 g kg−1marigold increased the levels of C16:0 and C18:0 and decreased levels of C16:1 (n-7) and C18:1 (n-9) in the egg yolk. Also, diet including marigold increased total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the egg yolk.

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