scholarly journals The Impact of Obesity on Back and Core Muscular Endurance in Firefighters

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Mayer ◽  
James L. Nuzzo ◽  
Ren Chen ◽  
William S. Quillen ◽  
Joe L. Verna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between obesity and measures of back and core muscular endurance in firefighters.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in career firefighters without low back pain. Obesity measures included body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage assessed with air displacement plethysmography. Muscular endurance was assessed with the Modified Biering Sorensen (back) and Plank (core) tests. Relationships were explored usingt-tests and regression analyses.Results. Of the 83 participants enrolled, 24 (29%) were obese (BMI ≥ 30). Back and core muscular endurance was 27% lower for obese participants. Significant negative correlations were observed for BMI and body fat percentage with back and core endurance (r= −0.42 to −0.52). Stepwise regression models including one obesity measure (BMI, body fat percentage, and fat mass/fat-free mass), along with age and self-reported physical exercise, accounted for 17–19% of the variance in back muscular endurance and 29–37% of the variance in core muscular endurance.Conclusions. Obesity is associated with reduced back and core muscular endurance in firefighters, which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Obesity should be considered along with back and core muscular endurance when designing exercise programs for back pain prevention in firefighters.

scholarly journals Anthropometric measures associated with fat mass estimation in children and adolescents with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-498
Author(s):  
Carlos A.S. Alves Junior ◽  
Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de Lima ◽  
Michele Caroline de Souza ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators

To verify the association between anthropometric indicators and body fat percentage estimated by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in children and adolescents diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This cross-sectional study was carried out with 62 children and adolescents with HIV (aged 8 to 15 years). Body fat percentage was estimated by DXA and ADP. Anthropometric indicators were skinfolds (abdominal, triceps, subscapular, calf), perimeter relaxed arm (PRA), waist circumference (WC), perimeter neck, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio, conicity index, and body adiposity index. Linear regressions were performed with 5% significance level. In boys (adjusted R2 (R2adj) = 0.38 to R2adj = 0.67) and girls (R2adj = 0.41 to R2adj = 0.57), all anthropometric indicators were associated with body fat percentage estimated by DXA. For boys, skinfolds were associated with body fat percentage estimated by ADP (R2adj = 0.18 to R2adj = 0.35). In girls, skinfolds (R2adj = 0.27 to R2adj = 0.44, BMI (R2adj = 0.31), PRA (R2adj = 0.36), and WC (R2adj = 0.26) were associated to body fat percentage by ADP. Abdominal skinfold was the indicator that most explained the variation in body fat percentage measured by DXA and ADP in both sexes. Anthropometric indicators are strongly associated with body fat, measured by reference methods, and can assist health professionals in monitoring the health of children and adolescents with HIV.

scholarly journals Adiposity is Associated with Decreased Serum 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Levels in Non-Diabetic Obese Men Aged 18–49: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3873
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro ◽  
María Molina-Vega ◽  
Maite Asenjo-Plaza ◽  
María Concepción García-Ruiz ◽  
Enrique Varea-Marineto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

Obesity is associated with decreased circulating testosterone levels, the main male sex hormone. However, there are a number of different male sex hormones whose dynamics remain poorly understood regarding this pathology. In this regard, 17 hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH progesterone), as an important precursor of testosterone synthetized in testes and adrenal glands, could play an essential role in testosterone deficiency in male obesity. Moreover, similarly to testosterone, 17-OH progesterone could be closely associated with visceral fat distribution and metabolic dysfunction. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess serum 17-OH progesterone levels in non-diabetic obese young men and to evaluate their relationship with clinical, analytical, and anthropometric parameters. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 266 non-diabetic men with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 18–49 years; 17-OH progesterone and total testosterone (TT) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. 17-OH progesterone levels were significantly lower in tertile 3 of body fat percentage in comparison with tertile 1 (0.74 ng/mL vs. 0.94 ng/mL, p < 0.01; Bonferroni correction) and in comparison with tertile 2 (0.74 ng/mL vs. 0.89 ng/mL, p = 0.02; Bonferroni correction). 17-OH progesterone levels correlated negatively with weight, BMI, waist circumference, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and visceral fat, and positively with TT, free testosterone (FT), luteinizing hormone, and fat-free mass percentage. Multivariate linear-regression analysis showed that body fat percentage and HOMA-IR were inversely associated with 17-OH progesterone levels, while FT and ACTH were positively linked to circulating 17-OH progesterone levels. In conclusion, in a population of non-diabetic obese young men, 17-OH progesterone levels were inversely associated with adiposity. Body fat percentage and insulin resistance were negatively related to 17-OH progesterone levels, whereas FT and ACTH levels were positively associated with 17-OH progesterone levels.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance-Based Methods on Body Composition in Young Patients with Obesity

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Alexandra Thajer ◽  
Gabriele Skacel ◽  
Katharina Truschner ◽  
Anselm Jorda ◽  
Martin Vasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Specific Device ◽  
The Individual

(1) Background: The determination of body composition is an important method to investigate patients with obesity and to evaluate the efficacy of individualized medical interventions. Bioelectrical impedance-based methods are non-invasive and widely applied but need to be validated for their use in young patients with obesity. (2) Methods: We compiled data from three independent studies on children and adolescents with obesity, measuring body composition with two bioelectrical impedance-based devices (TANITA and BIACORPUS). For a small patient group, additional data were collected with air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). (3) Results: Our combined data on 123 patients (age: 6–18 years, body mass index (BMI): 21–59 kg/m²) and the individual studies showed that TANITA and BIACORPUS yield significantly different results on body composition, TANITA overestimating body fat percentage and fat mass relative to BIACORPUS and underestimating fat-free mass (p < 0.001 for all three parameters). A Bland–Altman plot indicated little agreement between methods, which produce clinically relevant differences for all three parameters. We detected gender-specific differences with both methods, with body fat percentage being lower (p < 0.01) and fat-free mass higher (p < 0.001) in males than females. (4) Conclusions: Both bioelectrical impedance-based methods provide significantly different results on body composition in young patients with obesity and thus cannot be used interchangeably, requiring adherence to a specific device for repetitive measurements to ascertain comparability of data.

scholarly journals Conicity index as an indicator of body fat percentage in adolescents

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
I. Mulyasari ◽  
Purbowati
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Excess Adiposity ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
Conicity Index

New indicators have been proposed in order to detect obesity and body fat distribution, such as conicity index (CI). The previous study found that CI has a significant correlation with high body fat in adolescents. This study aimed to assess the association of Conicity Index (CI) with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat Percentage (%BF) and evaluated the accuracy of CI based on %BF as gold standard for identification of obesity in adolescents. This cross-sectional study consisted of 620 adolescents (283 boys and 337 girls) aged 14-18 years. The correlation was tested using Spearman analysis. Obesity was based on age-and-sex specific body fat percentage cut-off values of body fat reference curves for children from Growth Foundation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to assess the accuracy of CI as a diagnostic test of obesity in adolescents. This study showed that CI was significantly correlated with BMI (boys: r = 0.485, p<0.0001; girls: r = 0.302, p<0.0001) and %BF (boys: r = 0.544, p<0.0001; girls: r = 0.347, p<0.0001). The area under curve (AUC) of CI for the diagnostic of obesity were over 0.9 for boys and over 0.7 for girls. The cut-off values for defining obesity were 1.13 (Sensitivity (Se) and Specificity (Sp) > 0.8) for boys and 1.14 (Se and Sp > 0.6) for girls. In conclusion, CI positively associated with BMI and % BF. CI is more accurate in boys than girls for the screening of excess adiposity in adolescents.

scholarly journals Strength Training and Insulin Resistance: The Mediating Role of Body Composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
McKayla J. Niemann ◽  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
Bruce W. Bailey ◽  
Lance E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confounding Variables

The main objective of the present study was to assess the association between participation in strength training and insulin resistance. Another goal was to assess the influence of several potential confounding variables on the strength training and insulin resistance relationship. Lastly, the influence of waist circumference, fat-free mass (kg), body fat percentage, and the fat-free mass index on the association between strength training and insulin resistance was assessed. This cross-sectional study included 6,561 randomly selected men and women in the U.S. Data were collected using the precise protocol established by NHANES. HOMA-IR was used as the outcome variable to index insulin resistance. Both time spent strength training and frequency of strength training bouts were used as exposure variables. There was not a statistically significant relationship between strength training and insulin resistance in women. However, before and after controlling for 11 potential confounding variables, men who reported no strength training had significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR compared to men who reported moderate or high levels of strength training (F=9.87, P<0.0001). Odds ratios were also assessed. Men reporting no strength training had 2.42 times the odds of having insulin resistance compared to men reporting moderate levels of strength training (95% CI: 1.19-4.93). Similarly, men reporting no strength training had 2.50 times the odds of having insulin resistance compared to men reporting high levels of strength training (95% CI: 1.25-5.00). In conclusion, there was a strong relationship between strength training and insulin resistance in U.S. men, but not in U.S. women. Differences in waist circumference, fat-free mass (kg), body fat percentage, and the fat-free mass index, as well as demographic and lifestyle measures, do not appear to mediate the relationship. The present study was not a clinical trial.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Cross-Sectional Study among Adolescents in Selangor, Malaysia

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3617
Author(s):  
Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng ◽  
Norsham Juliana ◽  
Nur Liyana Izlin ◽  
Nur Zulaikha Semaon
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Good Attitude

This study aims to examine the level of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of adolescents towards sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), together with the associated factors that determine their KAP. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires that consisted of sociodemographic, the KAP for the SSB questionnaire, and the Beverage Intake Questionnaire (BEVQ). The respondents’ heights, weights, waist circumferences and body fat percentages were measured. This study involved 439 adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years old, in public secondary schools in Selangor, Malaysia. The results reveal that 35% of the adolescents were overweight, 26% had a high waist circumference, and 45% had a high body fat percentage. Caffeinated drinks and full cream milk were the most frequently consumed SSBs. The KAP score revealed a good attitude (88.4%), a moderate knowledge (51.8%) and a poor practice (40.5%). Those with a higher body fat percentage showed significantly good attitude scores (p < 0.05). Low household income groups, females, adolescents aged 16–17 years old and being from an urban area demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) positive determinant towards the KAP score. In conclusion, high awareness of negative health outcomes associated with SSBs among adolescents was not in accordance with the level of their lifestyle choices.

scholarly journals Adiposity measures and their validity in estimating risk of hypertension in South Asian children: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e024087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleke O Fowokan ◽  
Zubin Punthakee ◽  
Charlotte Waddell ◽  
Miriam Rosin ◽  
Katherine M Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Z Scores

ObjectiveGiven the South Asian phenotype of higher body fat at similar body mass index (BMI) relative to Caucasians, we sought to explore the association between prominent adiposity indicators with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension, to compare the accuracy of these indicators in estimating hypertension, and to provide cut-off values associated with adverse hypertension risk in South Asian children.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunity-based recruitment in two Canadian cities (Hamilton and Surrey).ParticipantsSouth Asian children (n=762) were recruited from two Canadian cities. Waist circumference, waist to height ratio and BMI were determined. Body fat percentage was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and BP was assessed using an automated device. All variables (except body fat percentage) were transformed to z-scores using published standards.Outcome measuresLinear and Poisson regression was used to explore associations between the adiposity indicators with BP z-score and hypertension. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to explore the strength of the adiposity indicators in estimating hypertension risk and sex-stratified optimal adiposity cut-off values associated with hypertension risk.ResultsSignificant associations were detected in adjusted and unadjusted models between the adiposity indicators with BP z-score and hypertension (p<0.01 for all). The area under the curve (AUC) values for the adiposity indicators for boys and girls ranged from 0.74 to 0.80, suggesting that the adiposity indicators are fair measures of estimating hypertension risk. Sex-stratified cut-off associated with adverse risk of hypertension for girls and boys, respectively, were at the 92nd and 82nd percentile for BMI z-scores, 65th and 80th percentile for WC z-score, 63rd and 67th percentile for WHtR z-score and at 29.8% and 23.5% for body fat.ConclusionOur results show associations between adiposity indicators with BP and hypertension and suggests that South Asian children might be at adverse risk of hypertension at levels of adiposity considered normal.

scholarly journals The Relationship between “Shofuku-Fujin” (Abnormality of Abdominal Examination in Japanese Kampo Medicine) and Body Composition by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Ishige ◽  
Hiroshi Odaguchi ◽  
Toshihiko Hanawa
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional

Shofuku-fujin is an abnormal physical finding in Kampo medical practice. It is assumed to be often found in the elderly and contributes to the selection of Kampo formulas used mainly in elderly patients. However, few objective reports about Shofuku-fujin have been published to date. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical features of patients showing Shofuku-fujin by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and to objectively assess the potential clinical implications of these findings. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1330 patients who visited our institute to undergo a medical examination by using data collected from September 2010 to March 2016. We extracted data on patient sex and age, anthropometric data, and body composition data that could potentially affect the appearance of Shofuku-fujin. Logistic regression analyses were performed by sex to analyze the various factors related to the appearance of Shofuku-fujin. Of the 1330 patients, the data of 386 men and 942 women were used for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Shofuku-fujin was associated with older age (odds ratio (OR), 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.10; p  < 0.001), lower skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43–0.85; p  = 0.004), and lower body fat percentage (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85–0.93; p  < 0.001) in men and older age (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.07, p  < 0.001) and lower body fat percentage (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92–0.96; p  < 0.001) in women. On the basis of these results, the factors causing the appearance of Shofuku-fujin were aging, decreased muscle mass, and decreased body fat in men and aging and decreased body fat in women. Our results demonstrated that it may be better to consider a loss of muscle mass when examining a male patient with Shofuku-fujin.

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