scholarly journals Effects of Diet, Aerobic Exercise, or Both on Non-HDL-C in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cholesterol ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Kelley ◽  
Kristi S. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Effect Model

Purpose. To use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of diet (D), aerobic exercise (E), or both (DE) on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in adults. Methods. Randomized controlled trials in adults ≥18 years of age were included. A mixed-effect model was used to combine effect size (ES) results within each subgroup and to compare subgroups (Qb). Heterogeneity was examined using the Q and I2 statistics, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Statistical significance was set at P≤0.05, while a trend for statistical significance was set between P>0.05, and ≤0.10. Results. A statistically significant exercise minus control group decrease in non-HDL-C was found for DE (7 ESs, 389 participants, x¯=-11.1 mg/dL, 95%  CI=−21.7 to −0.6, P=0.04, Q=2.4, P=0.88, I2=0%), a trend for the D group (7 ESs, 402 participants, x¯=−8.5 mg/dL, 95%  CI=−18.6 to 1.6, P=0.10, Q=0.76, P=0.99, I2=0%), and no change for the E group (7 ESs, 387 participants, x¯=3.0 mg/dL, 95%   CI=−7.1 to 13.1, P=0.56, Q=0.78, P=0.99, I2=0%). Overall, no statistically significant between-group differences were found (Qb=4.1, P=0.12). Conclusions. Diet combined with aerobic exercise may reduce non-HDL-C among adults in some settings.

scholarly journals Health Effects of Alternate-Day Fasting in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanshan Cui ◽  
Tong Cai ◽  
Zhongbao Zhou ◽  
Yingmei Mu ◽  
Youyi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting

Background: Alternate-day fasting (ADF) method is becoming more and more popular among adults. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of ADF on adults.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ADF were searched using PubMed (1988 to March 2020), EMBASE (1995 to March 2020), and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. A systematic review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. The datum was calculated by RevMan version 5.3.0. The original references for relating articles were also reviewed.Results: Seven randomized controlled trials involving 269 participants (152 in the ADF group and 117 in the control group) were studied. In this meta-analysis, compared with the control group, the ADF group showed statistically significant reductions in weight (p < 0.00001) and body mass index (p < 0.00001). Besides, the ADF group showed significant differences in terms of total cholesterol (p = 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.01), triglycerides (p = 0.02), fat mass (p = 0.002), lean mass (p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.007), and total calorie intake (p = 0.007). At the same time, the analysis demonstrated that the ADF group had a same effect compared with control group in aspects of high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.27), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (p = 0.55), and fasting blood sugar (p = 0.09).Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that ADF is a viable diet strategy for weight loss, and it has a substantial improvement in risk indicators for diseases in obese or normal people.

Abstract TP198: Combined Diet and Aerobic Exercise Reduces non-HDL-C in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George A Kelley ◽  
Kristi S Kelley
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is associated with an increased risk for cerebrovascular disease. However, the effects of three community-deliverable lifestyle interventions [diet (D), aerobic exercise (E), or both (DE)] on non-HDL-C in adults are not known. The purpose of this study was to use the aggregate data meta-analytic approach to address this gap. METHODS: A priori study eligibility included randomized controlled trials >4 weeks that included a D, E, DE and control (C) group in adults >18 years of age in which data for total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were available for calculating non-HDL-C. Studies were retrieved by searching nine electronic databases, cross-referencing and expert review. Dual data selection and extraction were conducted. A mixed effects model was employed whereby a random-effects approach was used to combine effect size (ES) results within each subgroup while a fixed-effect approach was used to compare subgroups (Q b ). Heterogeneity was examined using the Q and I 2 statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 while a trend for statistical significance was set between p >0.05 to < 0.10. RESULTS: Overall, a statistically significant exercise minus control group decrease in non-HDL-C was found for DE (7 ESs, 389 participants, mean, -11.1 mg/dl, 95% CI, -21.7 to -0.6, p =0.04, Q=2.4, p =0.88, I 2 =0%), a trend for the D group (7 ESs, 402 participants, mean, -8.5 mg/dl, 95% CI, -18.6 to 1.6, p =0.10, Q=0.76, p =0.99, I 2 =0%) and no change for the E group (7 ESs, 387 participants, mean, 3.0 mg/dl, 95% CI, -7.1 to 13.1, p =0.56, Q=0.78, p =0.99, I 2 =0%). Relative changes were -6.5%, -5.6%, and 0.8% respectively, for DE, D and E groups. Overall, no statistically significant between-group differences were found (Q b = 4.1, p = 0.12). There was a trend for decreases in non-HDL-C to be greater in the DE versus E group (Q b = 3.6, p = 0.06) with no statistically significant differences between D and E (Q b = 2.5, p = 0.12) or DE and D (Q b = 0.1, p = 0.72) groups. CONCLUSIONS: Combined DE reduces non-HDL-C in adults.

scholarly journals Effect of Epidemic Intermittent Fasting on Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Xiandu Pan ◽  
Xinye Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background and aims: Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained attention as a promising diet for weight loss and dysmetabolic diseases management. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of IF on metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out using three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, until October 2020. Randomized controlled trials that compared the IF intervention with a control group diet were included. Effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) using a fixed-effects model and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Forty-six studies were included. Compared to the ones within control groups, participants exposed to the IF intervention reduced their body weight (WMD, -1.78 kg; 95% CI, -2.21 to -1.35; p < 0.05), waist circumference (WMD, -1.19 cm; 95% CI, -1.8 to -0.57; p < 0.05), fat mass (WMD, -1.26 kg; 95% CI, -1.57 to -0.95; p < 0.05), body mass index (WMD, -0.58 kg/m2; 95% CI, -0.8 to -0.37; p < 0.05), systolic blood pressure (WMD, -2.14 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.54 to -0.73; p < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -1.38 mmHg, 95% CI, -2.35 to -0.41, p < 0.05), fasting blood glucose (WMD, -0.96 mg/dL; 95% CI, -1.89 to -0.03; p < 0.05), fasting insulin (WMD, -0.8 μU/mL; 95% CI, -1.15 to -0.44; p < 0.05), insulin resistance (WMD, -0.21; 95% CI, -0.36 to -0.05; p < 0.05), total cholesterol (WMD, -3.75 mg/dL; 95% CI, -6.64 to -0.85; p < 0.05), triglycerides (WMD, -7.54 mg/dL; 95% CI, -11.45 to -3.63; p < 0.05). No effects were observed for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusions: This meta-analysis supports IF’s role in the improvement of MetS, compared to a control group diet. Further research on IF interventions should take into account long-term and well-designed administration to draw definitive conclusions.

scholarly journals Association between Egg Consumption and Cholesterol Concentration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1995
Author(s):  
Man-Yun Li ◽  
Jin-Hua Chen ◽  
Chiehfeng Chen ◽  
Yi-No Kang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The association of egg consumption and serum cholesterol concentrations in healthy people has been discussed for a long time. In this study, we aimed to explore association of egg consumption with on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) concentrations and the LDL-c/HDL-c ratio through meta-analysis. This systematic review only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating egg consumption in healthy populations without combination therapy. We extracted mean and standard deviation for LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, LDL-c/HDL-c. The extracted data were pooled in a random-effects model and were presented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted for understanding effects of more egg consumption (MEC) on different intervention periods, egg-consumption levels, classification of responders. Overall, 17 RCTs met the eligibility criteria and pooled results showed MEC group had a higher LDL-c/HDL-c ratio than the control group (MD = 0.14, p = 0.001, I2 = 25%). The MEC group also had higher LDL-c than the control group (MD = 8.14, p < 0.0001, I2 = 18%). Moreover, for the subset of intervention over two months, the MEC group seemed to have a larger effect size than the subset of intervention within two months. This synthesis, the largest meta-analysis on this topic, shows the impact of egg consumption on lipid profiles among healthy subjects. Notably, longer time with MEC may lead to higher LDL-c/HDL-c ratio and LDL-c. However, RCTs with long tern follow-up are needed to guarantee the association between egg consumption and human health.

scholarly journals Effects of Canagliflozin on Fatty Liver Indexes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 222-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyu Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Zhikang Ye ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Xiangli Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

PURPOSE: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 75% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effect of canagliflozin on fatty liver indexes in T2DM patients. METHODS: A literature search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane was conducted up to March 30, 2017. The liver function test and lipid profile were extracted from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of canagliflozin on fatty liver. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) or relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed by using either fixed or random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were evaluated. RESULTS: Our results showed that canagliflozin decreased serum concentrations of  alanine amino transferase (WMD: -11.68 [95% CI: -18.95, -10.95]; P<0.001), aspartate amino transferase (WMD: -7.50 [95% CI: -10.61, -4.38]; P<0.001), gamma-glutamyl transferase (WMD: -15.17 [95% CI: -17.73, -12.61]; P<0.001), triglycerides (WMD: -0.10 [95% CI: -0.15, -0.05]; P<0.001) but increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: 0.1 [95% CI: 0.06, 0.13]; P<0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: 0.06 [95% CI: 0.05, 0.07]; P<0.001) at week 26 or 52. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that canagliflozin may have a protective effect on fatty liver in T2DM patients. The limitation was that the liver biopsy was hard to obtain in published studies. More RCTs specified on NAFLD are needed to get further information. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals The Effect of Virtual Reality on Preoperative Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3151
Author(s):  
Chang-Hoon Koo ◽  
Jin-Woo Park ◽  
Jung-Hee Ryu ◽  
Sung-Hee Han
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Virtual reality (VR), a technology that provides a stimulated sensory experience, has recently been implemented in various fields of medicine. Several studies have investigated the efficacy of VR on preoperative anxiety. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to validate whether VR could relieve preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing surgery. Electronic databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of VR on preoperative anxiety. The primary outcome was defined as the preoperative anxiety scores. We estimated the effect size using the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random effect model. Ultimately, 10 RCTs, with a total of 813 patients, were included in the final analysis. Preoperative anxiety was significantly lower in the VR group than in the control group (SMD −0.64, 95% CI −1.08 to −0.20, p = 0.004). In a subgroup analysis, the preoperative anxiety scores were lower in the VR group than in the control group in pediatric patients (SMD −0.71, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.27, p = 0.002), whereas a significant difference was not observed between the two groups in adult patients (p = 0.226). The results of this meta-analysis indicated that VR could decrease preoperative anxiety, especially in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals The efficacy and safety of antimuscarinics for the prevention or treatment of catheter-related bladder discomfort: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongbao Zhou ◽  
Yuanshan Cui ◽  
Xiaoyi Zhang ◽  
Youyi Lu ◽  
Zhipeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Facial Flushing ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objectives This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antimuscarinics for the prevention or treatment of catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (from 1987 to July 2021) were used to search randomized controlled trials. The PRISMA checklists were followed. RevMan5.4.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results Eleven studies involving 1165 patients were involved in the analysis. The study reported that the incidence of CRBD observed in the antimuscarinics group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 0-, 1-, 2-, and 6-h after drug therapy (P = 0.001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0005, and P = 0.001, respectively). For side effects, there were not statistical differences between the antimuscarinics group and the control group, mainly including dry mouth (risk ratio (RR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95 to 1.80, P = 0.09), postoperative nausea and vomiting (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.90, P = 0.87), facial flushing (RR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.43 to 2.61, P = 0.90), and blurred vision (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.35 to 2.58, P = 0.91). Besides, rescue analgesics were required less in the antimuscarinics group than in the control group (RR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.80, P = 0.003). Conclusions Compared with the control group, the antimuscarinics group had a significant improvement on CRBD, the patients were well tolerated and the use rate of rescue analgesics was low.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Vitamin D (Co-VIVID Study): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu ◽  
Balachandar Thangappazham ◽  
Hemanth Raj
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: Vitamin D levels have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and mortality events.. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the use of vitamin D intervention on COVID-19 outcomes. Methods: Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases (latest search on August 5, 2021). We included RCTs reporting the use of vitamin D intervention to control/placebo group in COVID-19. Two independent researchers did literature search, abstracted data, and the risk of bias assessment. Results: A total of 6 RCTs with 551 COVID-19 patients were included. The overall collective evidence pooling all the outcomes across all RCTs indicated the beneficial use of vitamin D intervention in COVID-19 (relative risk, RR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.92, Z=2.33, p=0.02, I2 = 48%). However, no statistical significance was observed for individual outcomes of ICU care (RR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.30, Z=1.48, p=0.14, I2 = 66%) and mortality (RR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.25 to 2.40, Z=0.66, p=0.02, I2 = 33%), though decreased rates were noted. The rates of RT-CR positivity was significantly decreased in the intervention group as compared to the non-vitamin D groups (RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.89, Z=2.31, p=0.02, I2 = 0%). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients supplemented with vitamin D are more likely to demonstrate fewer rates of ICU admission, mortality events and RT-PCR positivity. However, no statistical significance has been achieved for individual outcomes of ICU and deaths. More RCTs and completion of ongoing trials largely needed to precisely establish the association between vitamin D use and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Impact of Ketamine on Pain Management in Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2;23 (4;2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Zifeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: The pain control effect of ketamine versus control in women during cesarean operation is not well determined. Objectives: The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ketamine versus control in cesarean section anesthesia for reducing the postoperative pain and analgesia. Study Design: We used meta-analysis to address this concern. Setting: Meta-analysis-based study. Methods: The databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ketamine versus control in controlling pain after cesarean section from inception to August 2018. Based on the Cochrane Handbook, the combined analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software. Results: A total of 20 RCTs with 1,737 patients who underwent cesarean section were included. Meta-analysis showed that the pain score in the ketamine group was less than that of the control group (mean difference [MD], –1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], –1.61, –0.59; P < 0.0001). Application of ketamine during cesarean section also resulted in decreased consumption of morphine when compared with the control group (MD, –6.11 mg; 95% CI, –9.93, –2.29; P = 0.002). In addition, the first time required for analgesia was significantly longer in the ketamine group than that of the control group (MD, 72.48 minutes; 95% CI, 50.85, 94.11; P < 0.00001). Limitations: Limited patients were included with moderate strength. Conclusions: Ketamine supplementation during cesarean section reduces pain and morphine consumption and prolongs the postoperative analgesia. Key words: Ketamine, cesarean section, randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis

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