scholarly journals Mechanism of Stochastic Resonance in a Quorum Sensing Network Regulated by Small RNAs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-nan Zhu ◽  
Jianwei Shen ◽  
Yong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) is an important process of cell communication and more and more attention is paid to it. Moreover, the noises are ubiquitous in nature and often play positive role. In this paper, we investigate how the noise enhances the QS though the stochastic resonance (SR) and explain the mechanism of SR in this quorum sensing network. In addition, we also discuss the interaction between the small RNA and the other genes in this network and discover the biological importance.

Quorum Sensing: A Primer for Food Microbiologists†

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1053-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES L. SMITH ◽  
PINA M. FRATAMICO ◽  
JOHN S. NOVAK
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Signaling Mechanism ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum ◽  
Cell Densities

Quorum sensing is a signaling mechanism through which bacteria modulate a number of cellular functions (genes), including sporulation, biofilm formation, bacteriocin production, virulence responses, as well as others. Quorum sensing is a mechanism of cell-to-cell communication and is mediated by extracellular chemical signals generated by the bacteria when specific cell densities are reached. When the concentration of the signal (and cell population) is sufficiently high, the target gene or genes are either activated or repressed. Quorum sensing increases the ability of the bacteria to have access to nutrients or to more favorable environmental niches and enhances bacterial defenses against eukaryotic hosts, competing bacteria, and environmental stresses. The physiological and clinical aspects of quorum sensing have received considerable attention and have been studied at the molecular level. Little is known, however, on the role of quorum sensing in food spoilage or in the growth and/or toxin production of pathogens present in food. A number of compounds have been isolated or synthesized that antagonize quorum sensors, and application of these antagonists may potentially be useful in inhibiting the growth or virulence mechanisms of bacteria in different environments, including food. It is important that food microbiologists have an awareness and an understanding of the mechanisms involved in bacterial quorum sensing, since strategies targeting quorum sensing may offer a means to control the growth of undesirable bacteria in foods.

scholarly journals Bacterial Quorum Sensing and Microbial Community Interactions

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhea G. Abisado ◽  
Saida Benomar ◽  
Jennifer R. Klaus ◽  
Ajai A. Dandekar ◽  
Josephine R. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

ABSTRACTMany bacteria use a cell-cell communication system called quorum sensing to coordinate population density-dependent changes in behavior. Quorum sensing involves production of and response to diffusible or secreted signals, which can vary substantially across different types of bacteria. In many species, quorum sensing modulates virulence functions and is important for pathogenesis. Over the past half-century, there has been a significant accumulation of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms, signal structures, gene regulons, and behavioral responses associated with quorum-sensing systems in diverse bacteria. More recent studies have focused on understanding quorum sensing in the context of bacterial sociality. Studies of the role of quorum sensing in cooperative and competitive microbial interactions have revealed how quorum sensing coordinates interactions both within a species and between species. Such studies of quorum sensing as a social behavior have relied on the development of “synthetic ecological” models that use nonclonal bacterial populations. In this review, we discuss some of these models and recent advances in understanding how microbes might interact with one another using quorum sensing. The knowledge gained from these lines of investigation has the potential to guide studies of microbial sociality in natural settings and the design of new medicines and therapies to treat bacterial infections.

Review: Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing by plant extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Yarmolinsky ◽  
Moshe Bronstein ◽  
Jonathan Gorelick
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Antibiotic Development ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
The Face ◽  
Bacterial Quorum ◽  
New Treatments

Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) is a form of cell-to-cell communication which is vital to the pathogenicity of many bacteria, and therefore a promising target for the development of new treatments for microbial infections. While many medicinal plants possess antibacterial activity, only a few plants have been shown to target quorum sensing. In the face of increased microbial resistance to existing antibiotics coupled with the decline in novel antibiotic development, QS inhibitors from medicinal plants is a promising direction for new antibacterial treatments,. The purpose of this review is to summarize the verified data on the anti-QS properties of medicinal plants and the various mechanisms of their actions.

scholarly journals Environmental sensing in dynamic quorum responses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Chu ◽  
Alex Groisman ◽  
Andre Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Signaling Mechanism ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

AbstractCell communication and coordinated cell behavior are hallmarks of multicellular behavior of living systems. However, in many cases, including the ancient and archetypal example of bacterial quorum sensing, the meaning of the communicated information remains a subject of debate. It is commonly assumed that quorum sensing encodes the information on the current state of the colony, including cell density and physical colony confinement. Here, we show that quorum sensing can also be exquisitely sensitive to dynamic changes in the environment, including fluctuations of the prevailing nutrient source. We propose a new signaling mechanism accounting for this sensory capability. This mechanism combines regulation by the commonly studied lux operon-encoded network with the environmentally determined balance of protein synthesis and dilution rates, dependent on the rate of cell proliferation. This regulatory mechanism accounts for observed complex spatial distribution of quorum responses, and emergence of sophisticated processing of dynamic inputs, including temporal thresholds and persistent partial induction following a transient change in the environmental conditions. We further show that, in this context, cell communication in quorum sensing acquires a new meaning: education of cells within a population about the past history of transient exposure to adverse conditions by a subset of induced cells. In combination, these signaling and communication features may endow a cell population with increased fitness in diverse fluctuating environments.

Alkyne-Substituted Fimbrolide Analogues as Novel Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nripendra Nath Biswas ◽  
George M. Iskander ◽  
Marcin Mielczarek ◽  
Tsz Tin Yu ◽  
David StC Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Sonogashira Reaction ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Brominated Furanones

Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa use furanosyl diesters as autoinducers for quorum sensing (QS), a major regulatory and cell-to-cell communication system for social adaptation, virulence factor production, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance. A range of natural and synthetic brominated furanones, i.e. fimbrolide derivatives, have been found to act as inhibitors of QS-dependent bacterial phenotypes, complementing the bactericidal ability of traditional antibiotics. In this work, several novel acetylene analogues of fimbrolides were synthesised in moderate to high yields via Sonogashira coupling reactions of brominated furanones 4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)furan-2(5H)-one 4 and 5-(dibromomethylene)-3-ethylfuran-2(5H)-one 5. The Sonogashira reaction of acetylenes on 4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)furan-2(5H)-one 4 was favoured at the C5 methylene bromide over the C4 bromide substituent. On biological testing, the most potent compounds 13 and 14 showed 82 and 98 % bacterial quorum-sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa reporter strain respectively.

scholarly journals Phage-Encoded LuxR-Type Receptors Responsive to Host-Produced Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Autoinducers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin E. Silpe ◽  
Bonnie L. Bassler
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Host Bacterium ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Collective Behaviors ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

AbstractQuorum sensing (QS) is a process of cell-to-cell communication that bacteria use to orchestrate collective behaviors. QS relies on the cell-density-dependent production, accumulation, and receptor-mediated detection of extracellular signaling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). Gram-negative bacteria commonly use N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as their AIs and they are detected by LuxR-type receptors. Often, LuxR-type receptors are insoluble when not bound to a cognate AI. In this report, we show that LuxR-type receptors are encoded on phage genomes and, in the cases we tested, the phage LuxR-type receptors bind to and are solubilized specifically by the AHL AI produced by the host bacterium. We do not yet know the viral activities that are controlled by these phage QS receptors, however, our observations, coupled with recent reports, suggest that their occurrence is more widespread than previously appreciated. Using receptor-mediated detection of QS AIs could enable phages to garner information concerning the population density status of their bacterial hosts. We speculate that such information can be exploited by phages to optimize the timing of execution of particular steps in viral infection.ImportanceBacteria communicate with chemical signal molecules to regulate group behaviors in a process called quorum sensing (QS). In this report, we find that genes encoding receptors for Gram-negative bacterial QS communication molecules are present on genomes of viruses that infect these bacteria. These viruses are called phages. We show that two phage-encoded receptors, like their bacterial counterparts, bind to the communication molecule produced by the host bacterium, suggesting that phages can “listen in” on their bacterial hosts. Interfering with bacterial QS and using phages to kill pathogenic bacteria represent attractive possibilities for development of new antimicrobials to combat pathogens that are resistant to traditional antibiotics. Our findings of interactions between phages and QS bacteria need consideration as new antimicrobial therapies are developed.

scholarly journals Small RNA‐mediated switch‐like regulation in bacterial quorum sensing

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Liu ◽  
Peipei Zhou ◽  
Ruiqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

scholarly journals Implications of Rewiring Bacterial Quorum Sensing

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric L. Haseltine ◽  
Frances H. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Synthetic Gene Circuits ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Forward Engineering ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

ABSTRACT Bacteria employ quorum sensing, a form of cell-cell communication, to sense changes in population density and regulate gene expression accordingly. This work investigated the rewiring of one quorum-sensing module, the lux circuit from the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Steady-state experiments demonstrate that rewiring the network architecture of this module can yield graded, threshold, and bistable gene expression as predicted by a mathematical model. The experiments also show that the native lux operon is most consistent with a threshold, as opposed to a bistable, response. Each of the rewired networks yielded functional population sensors at biologically relevant conditions, suggesting that this operon is particularly robust. These findings (i) permit prediction of the behaviors of quorum-sensing operons in bacterial pathogens and (ii) facilitate forward engineering of synthetic gene circuits.

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