scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of the Asian Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Northern Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Shaikevich ◽  
Asghar Talbalaghi
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The North ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Second Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

Polymorphism of the gene COI encoding cytochrome C oxidase subunit I and of the rRNA second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) was measured in Aedes albopictus collected in three locations in Piedmont region and one location in Liguria region in Italy. According to our data, besides the middle part of the COI gene usually used for analysis, there are also SNPs in the 5′ half of the gene, which can provide additional information about the polymorphism of A. albopictus populations. Based on COI gene, three various mitochondrial haplotypes were identified in A. albopictus from four north Italian sampling sites. Different sources of introductions can be considered. The variability between COI sequences of the north Italian A. albopictus is 0.001 while the variability between them based on the pairwise analysis of ITS2 sequences is 10 time more—0.011. For the first time, a 4% divergence between the populations of A. albopictus of tropical and subtropical origins was found on the basis of analyzing the ITS2. A relatively high level of variability of ITS2 between tropical and subtropical populations can be used to develop new markers for phylogenetic studies. No individuals with mitochondrial and nuclear haplotypes specific to tropical populations were found in the four north Italian sampling sites.

scholarly journals First detection of a Vssc allele V1016G conferring a high level of insecticide resistance in Aedes albopictus collected from Europe (Italy) and Asia (Vietnam), 2016: a new emerging threat to controlling arboviral diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Kasai ◽  
Beniamino Caputo ◽  
Takashi Tsunoda ◽  
Tran Chi Cuong ◽  
Yoshihide Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

Introduction Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is an important vector of arboviral diseases, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus disease. Monitoring insecticide resistance and mechanisms by which the mosquito develops resistance is crucial to minimise disease transmission. Aim To determine insecticide resistance status and mechanisms in Ae. albopictus from different geographical regions. Methods We sampled 33 populations of Ae. albopictus from Asia, Europe and South America, and tested these for susceptibility to permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide. In resistant populations, the target site for pyrethroids, a voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc) was genotyped. Three resistant sub-strains, each harbouring a resistance allele homozygously, were established and susceptibilities to three different pyrethroids (with and without a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) were assayed. Results Most populations of Ae. albopictus tested were highly susceptible to permethrin but a few from Italy and Vietnam (4/33), exhibited high-level resistance. Genotyping studies detected a knockdown resistance (kdr) allele V1016G in Vssc for the first time in Ae. albopictus. Two previously reported kdr alleles, F1534C and F1534S, were also detected. The bioassays indicated that the strain homozygous for the V1016G allele showed much greater levels of pyrethroid resistance than other strains harbouring F1534C or F1534S. Conclusion The V1016G allele was detected in both Asian and Italian Ae. albopictus populations, thus a spread of this allele beyond Italy in Europe cannot be ruled out. This study emphasises the necessity to frequently and regularly monitor the V1016G allele in Ae. albopictus, particularly where this mosquito species is the main vector of arboviruses.

Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK: High Resolution Geophysical Surveys in the Surrounding Landscape, 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Darvill ◽  
Friedrich Lüth ◽  
Knut Rassmann ◽  
Andreas Fischer ◽  
Kay Winkelmann
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
East Side ◽  
The West ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The North ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
First Time ◽  
Southern Section ◽  
Management Issues

An extensive high-resolution geophysical survey covering 2 km2was undertaken to the north of Stonehenge in June and October 2011. The survey is important in providing, for the first time, abundant detail on the form and structure of the Stonehenge Cursus, including the recognition of entrances in both of the long sides. Much additional information about the internal form of round barrows in the Cursus Round Barrow Cemetery, the course of the Avenue, the course of the so-called Gate Ditch, and numerous tracks and early roads crossing the landscape was recorded. A series of previously unrecognized features were identified: a pit-arc or cove below a barrow on the west side of King Barrow Ridge, a square-shaped feature surrounded by pits on the east side of Stonehenge Bottom, and a linear ditch on the same solstical axis, and parallel to, the southern section of the Stonehenge Avenue. An extensive scatter of small metallic anomalies marking the position of camping grounds associated with the Stonehenge Free Festival in the late 1970s and early 1980s raise interesting conservation and management issues.

The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), a vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika, reaches Portugal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Marabuto ◽  
Maria Teresa Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
The South ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Tiger Mosquito ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe mosquito Aedes albopictus is here reported for the first time in Portugal, from the south of the country, at least 240km west of the nearest known observation in Spain. A population of more than fifty specimens was spotted within a suburban garden over seven days of survey. As an important vector of Human affecting zoonoses such as dengue, chikungunya and yellow-fever, the presence of this mosquito in Portugal now enhances the outbreak chances for such diseases.

Serpentinites in the North-East Ox Mountains, Eire

1966 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Lemon
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Zone ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Boundary Fracture ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSix serpentinites occur in the Moinian granulites of the North-East Ox Mountains. Four have been known for some time and have been previously described. Additional information on these and the associated vermiculite deposits is provided. The remaining two serpentinites are described for the first time. A pyroxenite vein associated with one of these may have been produced by meta-morphic regeneration.The relationship of some of these serpentinites to the probable position of the Highland Boundary Fracture-zone in Eire is also discussed. Brief comparison is made with serpentinites occurring in the Scottish Moinian.

scholarly journals Taxonomic and phylogenetic review of Necrosuchus ionensis (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) and the early evolution and radiation of caimanines

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanne M Cidade ◽  
Daniel Fortier ◽  
Annie S Hsiou
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
North American ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Salamanca Formation

Abstract Alligatoroidea is the most species-rich crocodylomorph clade of the Cenozoic of South America, with nearly all species belonging to the Caimaninae clade. However, the earliest records of Caimaninae in South America, which are from the Palaeocene, are based mostly on incomplete specimens, which increases the importance of detailed taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on these taxa. This paper offers a taxonomic and phylogenetic review of Necrosuchus ionensis, a caimanine species from the Salamanca Formation of the Palaeocene of Argentina. Necrosuchus ionensis is considered a valid species, albeit with a different diagnosis from that proposed by previous authors. The phylogenetic analysis shows, for the first time, that N. ionensis belongs to the derived Caimaninae clade Jacarea. However, a better understanding of the Jacarea clade is needed, and alternative placements for N. ionensis might be considered. Nevertheless, the placement of N. ionensis as a derived caimanine raises interesting perspectives on the early evolution and radiation of caimanines, which are thoroughly discussed in this paper together with other results obtained in this study, such as the recovery of the North American caimanines Bottosaurus and Tsoabichi as a clade.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis and Molecular Typing of Trichothecene-Producing Fusarium Fungi from Russian Collections

Acta Naturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
A. A. Stakheev ◽  
L. V. Samokhvalova ◽  
O. D. Mikityuk ◽  
S. K. Zavriev
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Group I ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

We performed a three-locus phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium strains presumably capable of trichothecene production, which were deposited in the Russian national collections. The intra- and interspecific polymorphism of partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1) gene and two genes from the trichothecene cluster TRI5 and TRI14 was studied. A study of 60 strains of different origins using DNA markers confirmed, and in the case for several strains, clarified their taxonomic characteristics. As a result, a strain of F. commune (F-900) was identified in Russia for the first time. Furthermore, the strain F-846 proved to be phylogenetically distinct from any of the known Fusarium species. F. equiseti strains from Northwest Russia were found to belong to the North European group (I), whereas a strain from the North Caucasus - to the South European one (II). Partial TRI14 sequences from 9 out of 12 species were determined for the first time. Their comparative analysis demonstrated a relatively high level of intraspecific variability in F. graminearum and F. sporotrichioides, but no correlation between the sequence polymorphism and the geographic origin of the strains or their chemotype was found. Specific chemotypes of trichothecene B producers were characterized using two primer sets. The chemotyping results were verified by HPLC.

scholarly journals Dominance of the tiger: The displacement of Aedes aegypti by Aedes albopictus in parts of the Torres Strait, Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutizwa Odwell Muzari ◽  
Joe Davis ◽  
Rodney Bellwood ◽  
Bruce Crunkhorn ◽  
Ewan Gunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Competitive Displacement ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
First Time

Most of the inhabited islands in the Torres Strait region of Australia have experienced dengue outbreaks transmitted by Aedes aegypti at various times since at least the 1890s. However, another potential dengue vector, Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, was detected for the first time in 2005 and it expanded across most of the Torres Strait within a few years. In 2016, a survey of container-inhabiting mosquitoes was conducted in all island communities and Ae. aegypti was undetectable on most of the islands which the species had previously occupied, and had been replaced by Ae. albopictus. It is suspected that competitive displacement was responsible for the changes in species distribution. Aedes aegypti was only detected on Boigu Island and Thursday Island. Recent dengue outbreaks in the Torres Strait have apparently been driven by both Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti. The findings have major implications on management of dengue outbreaks in the region.

scholarly journals Neoprotoparmelia gen. nov. and Maronina (Lecanorales, Protoparmelioideae): species description and generic delimitation using DNA barcodes and phenotypical characters

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 19-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singh ◽  
André Aptroot ◽  
Víctor J. Rico ◽  
Jürgen Otte ◽  
Pradeep K. Divakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subtropical Species

Multilocus phylogenetic studies revealed a high level of cryptic diversity within the lichen-forming fungal genus Maronina (Protoparmelioideae, Parmeliaceae). Coalescent-based species delimitation suggested that most of the cryptic molecular lineages warranted recognition as separate species. Here we study the morphology and chemistry of these taxa and formally describe eight new species based on phenotypical and molecular characters. Further, we evaluate the use of ITS rDNA as a DNA barcode for identifying species in this genus. For the first time, we obtained an ITS sequence of Maroninaaustraliensis, the type species of the genus and showed that it is phylogenetically not closely related to species currently placed in Maronina or Protoparmelia. We assembled a dataset of 66 ITS sequences to assess the interspecies genetic distances amongst the twelve Maronina species using ITS as DNA barcode. We found that Maronina and Protoparmelia form a supported monophyletic group whereas M.australiensis is sister to both. We therefore propose a new genus Neoprotoparmelia to accommodate the tropical-subtropical species within Protoparmelioideae, with Neoprotoparmeliacorallifera as the type, N.amerisidiata, N.australisidiata, N.brasilisidiata, N.capensis, N.crassa, N.pauli, N.plurisporibadia and N.siamisidiata as new species and N.capitata, N.isidiata, N.multifera, N.orientalis and N.pulchra as new proposed combinations. We provide a key to Neoprotoparmelia and confirm the use of ITS for accurately identifying species in this group.

scholarly journals Historical and biographical life study of doctor, teacher and scientist Zh. Zh. Rapoport

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Yu.S. Vinnik ◽  
◽  
E.I. Prakhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Institute ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Life Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Present Information ◽  
High Level ◽  
Work Continuation ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time

The aim of the research is to analyze life circumstances, activity results and to give a social portrait of Professor Zh. Zh. Rapoport, Doctor of Medical Sciences. For the first time we present information about active longevity and work continuation of a doctor, a teacher and a scientist of Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute, who continues to cooperate with Krasnoyarsk Medical University and Institute of Medical Problems of the North. Material and methods. Historical documents, parents and family memories, information on work after graduation from Odessa Medical Institute, publications about him, memoirs of employees of Pediatrics Department of Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute Studied are studied. Historical and biographical method was used. Results. There are examples of his formation as a doctor, considering his family medical dynasty, achievements during the period of work in Krasnoyarsk Territory. Features of his pedagogical activity and formation of pediatric school are given. Scientific genealogy and its continuation in students are described. The facts of maintaining high level of psychological mood for a long active period of life are presented. Conclusion. It is proposed to use the mentioned experience in professional motivating medical students, improving pedagogical process, in the ability to conduct practically significant scientific research during the period of work and to transfer experience and knowledge after retirement.

Characterization and evolution of spearfishing in Madeira archipelago, Eastern Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Roi Martínez-Escauriaza ◽  
Claudio Vieira ◽  
Lídia Gouveia ◽  
Nuno Gouveia ◽  
Margarida Hermida
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
The North ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
First Time

Data obtained from licenses of spearfishers and surveys conducted in 2004 and 2017 allowed for the analysis, for the first time, of the practice of spearfishing in the Madeira archipelago. Only a small percentage of the population practices spearfishing, mostly local young men. Most of them practice the activity with a partner throughout most of the year and along most of the island's coastal areas, although preferentially along the North and Southeast coast. Results show how, in recent years, despite the population of spearfishers decreasing, the abundance in the annual catch potentially increased, probably due to the higher investment of time in this activity. It has been observed that many fishers complement their catches with manual collecting of invertebrates. Overall, 40 teleost fishes and also 4 crustaceans and 8 molluscs were identified. The most frequently captured fish species were parrotfish and white seabream, while limpets were the most collected invertebrates in both selected periods.

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