scholarly journals Ag3PO4Semiconductor Photocatalyst: Possibilities and Challenges

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Fang Huang ◽  
Zhi-Li Ma ◽  
Wei-Qing Huang ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Chao Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Composite Photocatalysts ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Exposed Facets

Ag3PO4as a photocatalyst has attracted enormous attention in recent years due to its great potential in harvesting solar energy for environmental purification and fuel production. The photocatalytic performance of Ag3PO4strongly depends on its morphology, exposed facets, and particle size. The effects of morphology and orientation of Ag3PO4on the catalytic performance and the efforts on the stability improvement of Ag3PO4are reviewed here. This paper also discusses the current theoretical understanding of photocatalytic mechanism of Ag3PO4, together with the recent progress towards developing Ag3PO4composite photocatalysts. The crucial issues that should be addressed in future research activities are finally highlighted.

A Mini-Review on Nanostructured g-C3N4 Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Selase Akple ◽  
Gabriel Kwame Sipi Takyi
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Electronic Band Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Electronic Band ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Electron Hole Pair ◽  
Photocatalytic Material ◽  
Solar Fuel Generation

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is an important photocatalytic material that receives a lot of research attention globally. This is because of its favourable thermal and chemical stability as well as electronic band structure. However, the photocatalytic performance of the bulk g-C3N4 is limited by fast recombination of electron-hole pair and poor visible light-harvesting ability. Thus, different strategies, such as heterostructuring, nanotuning, doping, etc., have been adopted to overcome the aforementioned challenges to enhance the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4. In recent times, various nanostructured g-C3N4 photocatalytic materials with various tuned morphologies have been designed and fabricated in literature for different photocatalytic activities. This mini-review summarized the progress development of nanostructured g-C3N4 photocatalysts with various tuned morphologies for solar fuel generation. The article briefly highlights the research status of various g-C3N4 with tuned morphologies and enhanced solar fuel generation abilities. Finally, a conclusion and future research were also suggested, opening up new areas on g-C3N4 photocatalysis.

A retrospective on MXene-based composites for solar fuel production

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1953-1969
Author(s):  
Yisong Zhu ◽  
Zhenjun Wu ◽  
Xiuqiang Xie ◽  
Nan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Photosynthesis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Composite Photocatalysts ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
General Synthesis ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

AbstractMXene with two-dimensional layered structure and desirable electronic properties has emerged as a promising candidate to construct MXene-based composites towards various photocatalytic applications. As compared to the downhill-type photodegradation reactions, artificial photosynthesis often involves thermodynamic uphill reactions with a large positive change in Gibbs free energy. Recent years have witnessed the effectiveness of MXene in enhancing the photoactivity of MXene-based composites for solar fuel synthesis. In this review, we mainly focus on the applications of MXene-based composites for photocatalytic solar fuel production. We will start from summarizing the general synthesis of MXene-based composite photocatalysts. Then the recent progress on MXene-based composite photocatalysts for solar fuel synthesis, including water splitting for H2 production, CO2 reduction to solar fuels, and N2 fixation for NH3 synthesis is elucidated. The roles of MXene playing in improving the photoactivity of MXene-based composites in these applications have also been discussed. In the last section, perspectives on the future research directions of MXene-based composites towards the applications of artificial photosynthesis are presented.

scholarly journals A Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, Stability Mechanisms, and Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yu ◽  
Huaqing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Nanofluids, the fluid suspensions of nanomaterials, have shown many interesting properties, and the distinctive features offer unprecedented potential for many applications. This paper summarizes the recent progress on the study of nanofluids, such as the preparation methods, the evaluation methods for the stability of nanofluids, and the ways to enhance the stability for nanofluids, the stability mechanisms of nanofluids, and presents the broad range of current and future applications in various fields including energy and mechanical and biomedical fields. At last, the paper identifies the opportunities for future research.

SME’s Performance Through Comparative Performance Indicators, Measured by Business Statistics- Albania Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Godiva Rembeci
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Productivity Measurement ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Business Statistics ◽  
National Economies

Now days there is a global consensus among all stakeholders that SMEs represent a driving force to the overall economic development, due to their significant contribution both on GDP and employment of national economies. SMEs also by numbers dominate the world business stage, although their contribution does vary among the countries. SMEs in Albania represents about 98% of the total enterprises with a contribution to national GDP for about 70%. The structure and the performance of national economy is depended very much on the economic performance and contribution of SME, that’s why most of the governments have strategic programmes which support the SME’s development. To measure SMEs’ performance and their ability to compete on national and international markets requires a lot of information in all aspects. Through this paper the author aims to measure and analyze the economic performance of SMEs operating in Albania. To achieve this objective, official data on business statistics published by national the statistical office (INSTAT) are used for two years period 2014-2015. In addition using an international framework addressed to the objective “improve the techniques for SMEs productivity measurement”, for the first time, a set of comparative performance indicators is established and in doing so, those results can be used as term of reference in future research activities in SMEs sector. From the results it came out that although the positive growth rate of GDP during the last years , the performance indicators of SMEs show a slightly negative trend, indicating indirectly the need for support, in order to empower their contribution in national economy.

Supplier Development at LG Electronics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyojin Kim ◽  
Daesik Hur ◽  
Tobias Schoenherr
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Supplier Development ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Competitive Capabilities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Buyer Firm

Supplier development has been a critical supply management practice since the 1990s. In many instances, it has even become imperative for buyer firms to support and prepare their supply bases for uncertain economic and market environments, socially and environmentally conscious customers, advances in digital technologies, and increasing competition. Yet, research that approaches supplier development with the objective to advance all these dimensions in an integrated fashion is scarce. This study fills this void by exploring how a buyer firm may address these emerging challenges in its supply base. Specifically, an in-depth case study of LG Electronics explores how the firm designs and operates multidimensional supplier development activities to foster the stability and sustainability of its supply base while enhancing its core suppliers’ competitive capabilities. This chapter illustrates how supplier development can be taken to the next level, presents implications for managerial practice, and outlines promising future research avenues.

scholarly journals Copper Phyllosilicates-Derived Catalysts in the Production of Alcohols from Hydrogenation of Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, Carbonates, Formyls, and CO2: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Dien-Thien To ◽  
Yu-Chuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Size Interaction

Copper phyllosilicates-derived catalysts (CuPS-cats) have been intensively explored in the past two decades due to their promising activity in carbonyls hydrogenation. However, CuPS-cats have not been completely reviewed. This paper focuses on the aspects concerning CuPS-cats from synthesis methods, effects of preparation conditions, and dopant to catalytic applications of CuPS-cats. The applications of CuPS-cats include the hydrogenation of carboxylates, carboxylic acids, carbonates, formyls, and CO2 to their respective alcohols. Besides, important factors such as the Cu dispersion, Cu+ and Cu0 surface areas, particles size, interaction between Cu and supports and dopants, morphologies, and spatial effect on catalytic performance of CuPS-cats are discussed. The deactivation and remedial actions to improve the stability of CuPS-cats are summarized. It ends up with the challenges and prospective by using this type of catalyst.

scholarly journals Recent Progress of Fluxgate Magnetic Sensors: Basic Research and Application

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Songrui Wei ◽  
Xiaoqi Liao ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Pang ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Magnetic Sensor ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

Fluxgate magnetic sensors are especially important in detecting weak magnetic fields. The mechanism of a fluxgate magnetic sensor is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. The structure of a fluxgate magnetic sensor mainly consists of excitation windings, core and sensing windings, similar to the structure of a transformer. To date, they have been applied to many fields such as geophysics and astro-observations, wearable electronic devices and non-destructive testing. In this review, we report the recent progress in both the basic research and applications of fluxgate magnetic sensors, especially in the past two years. Regarding the basic research, we focus on the progress in lowering the noise, better calibration methods and increasing the sensitivity. Concerning applications, we introduce recent work about fluxgate magnetometers on spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, wearable electronic devices and defect detection in coiled tubing. Based on the above work, we hope that we can have a clearer prospect about the future research direction of fluxgate magnetic sensor.

scholarly journals Unequal impact of the COVID-19 crisis on minority ethnic groups: a framework for understanding and addressing inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216061
Author(s):  
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi ◽  
Sham Lal ◽  
Enitan D Carrol ◽  
Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽  
Kamlesh Khunti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Minority ethnic groups have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. While the exact reasons for this remain unclear, they are likely due to a complex interplay of factors rather than a single cause. Reducing these inequalities requires a greater understanding of the causes. Research to date, however, has been hampered by a lack of theoretical understanding of the meaning of ‘ethnicity’ (or race) and the potential pathways leading to inequalities. In particular, quantitative analyses have often adjusted away the pathways through which inequalities actually arise (ie, mediators for the effect of interest), leading to the effects of social processes, and particularly structural racism, becoming hidden. In this paper, we describe a framework for understanding the pathways that have generated ethnic (and racial) inequalities in COVID-19. We suggest that differences in health outcomes due to the pandemic could arise through six pathways: (1) differential exposure to the virus; (2) differential vulnerability to infection/disease; (3) differential health consequences of the disease; (4) differential social consequences of the disease; (5) differential effectiveness of pandemic control measures and (6) differential adverse consequences of control measures. Current research provides only a partial understanding of some of these pathways. Future research and action will require a clearer understanding of the multiple dimensions of ethnicity and an appreciation of the complex interplay of social and biological pathways through which ethnic inequalities arise. Our framework highlights the gaps in the current evidence and pathways that need further investigation in research that aims to address these inequalities.

scholarly journals Local Anesthetics and Recurrence after Cancer Surgery-What’s New? A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Müller ◽  
Jonathan S. H. Ziegler ◽  
Tobias Piegeler
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Research Activities

The perioperative use of regional anesthesia and local anesthetics is part of almost every anesthesiologist’s daily clinical practice. Retrospective analyses and results from experimental studies pointed towards a potential beneficial effect of the local anesthetics regarding outcome—i.e., overall and/or recurrence-free survival—in patients undergoing cancer surgery. The perioperative period, where the anesthesiologist is responsible for the patients, might be crucial for the further course of the disease, as circulating tumor cells (shed from the primary tumor into the patient’s bloodstream) might form new micro-metastases independent of complete tumor removal. Due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, local anesthetics might have a certain impact on these circulating tumor cells, either via direct or indirect measures, for example via blunting the inflammatory stress response as induced by the surgical stimulus. This narrative review highlights the foundation of these principles, features recent experimental and clinical data and provides an outlook regarding current and potential future research activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document