scholarly journals The Prospect of Solar Energy in the Development of Power Stations in the State of Kuwait

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ramadhan ◽  
Abdulhameed Hussain ◽  
Dina Behbehani
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
The State Of Kuwait

Over the years, the production capacity for power generation has not been able to keep pace with the surge in electricity demand in the oil-rich State of Kuwait. To expand its power generation capacity, Kuwait's strategic energy plans focus on constructing gas turbine and fuel oil stations. This paper aimed to evaluate the prospect of photovoltaic solar energy (PV) in generating electricity as an alternative to decrease dependency on combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power stations. It applies the LCOE framework to evaluate the economic feasibility of installing a 100 MW PV and CCGT power stations in Kuwait. The results indicate that under the assumption of 5% interest rate, the estimated LCOE of PV station ($0.19/kWh) is unfeasible in comparison to the generation cost of gas turbine station ($0.11/kWh). However, the analysis has emphasized that evaluation of future electricity generation plans must not be limited to the LCOE criteria and should incorporate the following factors: the effect of natural gas supply constraints on the production of gas turbine plants, the environmental concerns of CO2emissions, the peak load demand, and the domestic energy balance mix. The paper concludes that once these factors are addressed properly, the prospect of PV power stations becomes relatively feasible.

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Repowering a Coal-Fired Power Plant

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Roy-Aikins ◽  
Reshleu J. Rampershad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Power Stations

Owing to an abundance of coal reserves, about 92 percent of the electrical power produced in South Africa is generated in central power stations fired on cheaply priced coal. With a few power stations approaching the end of their design life, the question arises as to what to do with these outdated and inefficient plants. Retrofitting or repowering a station with gas turbines is one option being considered. As a case study, this paper investigates the technical and economic feasibility of repowering the Arnot power station to convert it to a combined cycle plant with increased capacity. This power station has six generating units, each of nominal capacity 350 MW and of average age 25 years. Four are in service, and the others are in reserve storage. Several repowering options were considered and the proposed re-design is parallel repowering, where additional steam for a steam turbine is generated in a gas turbine heat recovery steam generator to supplement the steam generated in a coal-fired boiler. Since natural gas, the preferred fuel for gas turbines, is not readily available in the country, kerosene was used as gas turbine fuel. Consequently, the performance of the chosen gas turbine had to be re-evaluated. The output of each unit increased by 77 MW and the efficiency by 8 percentage points to 43 percent, after repowering. Repowering was feasible, technically. An economic analysis was required to determine the magnitude of the economic benefits of repowering, if any, and it turned out that the cost of electricity generated by the new technology was higher than that produced by the outgoing one. It was concluded, therefore, that repowering the steam turbine units with gas turbines fired on kerosene was uneconomical, for the performance level achieved.

Performance Improvement of Gas Turbine With Compressed Air Injection for Low Density Operational Conditions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Arias Quintero ◽  
S. Auerbach ◽  
R. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Short Period

Gas Turbines are an important contributor to the world’s power generation at base and peak load conditions, and this participation is expected to last for the decades to come, even with the increasing use of renewable energies given their unique ability to supply large amounts of power in a short period of time (unlike coal or nuclear plants). On the other hand, the power produced by gas turbines is significantly reduced at higher ambient temperatures, which coincides with the peak power demand. Air density is reduced, either as consequence of high elevation above the sea level, or due to higher ambient temperatures, and the air mass flow passing into a gas turbine diminishes consequently. With this flow down, the fuel flow is reduced proportionately in order to maintain combustion temperature, reducing, in turn the power generation. This paper presents a parametric evaluation of a novel power enhancement scheme: intercooled compressed air injection, with performance simulations of a “F” class industrial gas turbine in a 1×1 combined cycle application made with Thermoflow GTPro and GTMaster ® software. Results show that compressed air injection achieves significant levels of power boost at heat rates better than those of simple cycle power plants, resulting in an attractive option for power-starved utilities during summer days.

Steam Turbine Driving Compressor for Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Power Plant

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wancai Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Process ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

Gas turbine is widely applied in power-generation field, especially combined gas-steam cycle. In this paper, the new scheme of steam turbine driving compressor is investigated aiming at the gas-steam combined cycle power plant. Under calculating the thermodynamic process, the new scheme is compared with the scheme of conventional gas-steam combined cycle, pointing its main merits and shortcomings. At the same time, two improved schemes of steam turbine driving compressor are discussed.

scholarly journals Operation and Test of a New 37 MW Gas Turbine Package Power Plant

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jermanok ◽  
R. E. Keith ◽  
E. F. Backhaus
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Initial Operation ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Electric Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

A new 37-MW, single-shaft gas turbine power plant has been designed for electric power generation, for use in either simple-cycle or combined-cycle applications. This paper describes the design features, instrumentation, installation, test, and initial operation.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-NOx LBG Combustor for Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Generation Systems

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Abe ◽  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
T. Nakata ◽  
T. Yoshine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Power Generation Systems

From the view point of future coal utilization technology for the thermal power generation systems, the coal gasification combined cycle system has drawn special interest recently. In the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, it is necessary to develop a high temperature gas turbine combustor using a low-BTU gas (LBG) which has high thermal efficiency and low emissions. In Japan a development program of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system has started in 1985 by the national government and Japanese electric companies. In this program, 1300°C class gas turbines will be developed. If the fuel gas cleaning system is a hot type, the coal gaseous fuel to be supplied to gas turbines will contain ammonia. Ammonia will be converted to nitric oxides in the combustion process in gas turbines. Therefore, low fuel-NOx combustion technology will be one of the most important research subjects. This paper describes low fuel-NOx combustion technology for 1300°C class gas turbine combustors using coal gaseous low-BTU fuel as well as combustion characteristics and carbon monoxide emission characteristics. Combustion tests were conducted using a full-scale combustor used for the 150 MW gas turbine at the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, high pressure combustion tests were conducted using a half-scale combustor used for the 1 50 MW gas turbine.

Operation Experiences of Siemens IGCC Gas Turbines Using Gasification Products From Coal and Refinery Residues

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Huth ◽  
A. Heilos ◽  
G. Gaio ◽  
J. Karg
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Burner Design

The Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle concept is an emerging technology that enables an efficient and clean use of coal as well as residuals in power generation. After several years of development and demonstration operation, now the technology has reached the status for commercial operation. SIEMENS is engaged in 3 IGCC plants in Europe which are currently in operation. Each of these plants has specific characteristics leading to a wide range of experiences in development and operation of IGCC gas turbines fired with low to medium LHV syngases. The worlds first IGCC plant of commercial size at Buggenum/Netherlands (Demkolec) has already demonstrated that IGCC is a very efficient power generation technology for a great variety of coals and with a great potential for future commercial market penetration. The end of the demonstration period of the Buggenum IGCC plant and the start of its commercial operation has been dated on January 1, 1998. After optimisations during the demonstration period the gas turbine is running with good performance and high availability and has exceeded 18000 hours of operation on coal gas. The air-side fully integrated Buggenum plant, equipped with a Siemens V94.2 gas turbine, has been the first field test for the Siemens syngas combustion concept, which enables operation with very low NOx emission levels between 120–600 g/MWh NOx corresponding to 6–30 ppm(v) (15%O2) and less than 5 ppm(v) CO at baseload. During early commissioning the syngas nozzle has been recognised as the most important part with strong impact on combustion behaviour. Consequently the burner design has been adjusted to enable quick and easy changes of the important syngas nozzle. This design feature enables fast and efficient optimisations of the combustion performance and the possibility for easy adjustments to different syngases with a large variation in composition and LHV. During several test runs the gas turbine proved the required degree of flexibility and the capability to handle transient operation conditions during emergency cases. The fully air-side integrated IGCC plant at Puertollano/Spain (Elcogas), using the advanced Siemens V94.3 gas turbine (enhanced efficiency), is now running successfully on coal gas. The coal gas composition at this plant is similar to the Buggenum example. The emission performance is comparable to Buggenum with its very low emission levels. Currently the gas turbine is running for the requirements of final optimization runs of the gasifier unit. The third IGCC plant (ISAB) equipped with Siemens gas turbine technology is located at Priolo near Siracusa at Sicilly/Italy. Two Siemens V94.2K (modified compressor) gas turbines are part of this “air side non-integrated” IGCC plant. The feedstock of the gasification process is a refinery residue (asphalt). The LHV is almost twice compared to the Buggenum or Puertollano case. For operation with this gas, the coal gas burner design was adjusted and extensively tested. IGCC operation without air extraction has been made possible by modifying the compressor, giving enhanced surge margins. Commissioning on syngas for the first of the two gas turbines started in mid of August 1999 and was almost finished at the end of August 1999. The second machine followed at the end of October 1999. Since this both machines are released for operation on syngas up to baseload.

Rosenhain Centenary Conference - 1. Engineering requirements 1.6 Gas turbine requirements Discussion

1976 ◽  
Vol 282 (1307) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Operational Life

The C.E.G.B. interest in gas turbines has developed steadily during the past decade from auxiliary service functions in large fossil-fuelled power stations to small power stations, entirely of gas turbine plant, whose principal purpose is to meet peak load demands. Here the ability of the gas turbine to be started up very rapidly is an important attribute. The great majority of these gas turbine units have been derived from the use of established aero engines, such as the Avon and Olympus, as gas generators to drive a power turbine. These units are subject to planned maintenance after, at the most, 2000 h of operation when burning distillate fuel. There have been instances of blade corrosion problems due to sulphidation attack and related high sodium levels in the fuel; the solution to this problem has been to control the fuel quality. Two prototype industrial gas turbines, each of ca. 55 MW output, are due to be commissioned at one of the Board’s power stations in the near future. Here the aimed-for operational life before undertaking planned maintenance will be ca. 20000 h. This places greater emphasis on the need to appreciate any time-dependent process affecting engineering performance. From a materials standpoint these are corrosion resistance, thermal and high strain fatigue and creeprupture. Specific problems under study in blade materials are the consequences of corrosion-resistant coatings upon the mechanical properties and the limits of acceptability of defects. The latter involves crack growth monitoring under conditions of creep, high strain and high cycle fatigue. As the future emphasis should be directed towards gaining a better understanding of material behaviour in the projected engineering situations the physical metallurgist has to think beyond the metals themselves and consider, for example, the interactions that occur between metals and coatings.

The Extension of Gas Turbine Power Plants to Combined Cycle Power Stations

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schemenau ◽  
Ulrich Häuser
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Clean Fuel ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Power Stations

In industrial countries as well as in developing countries there is a continuous growth of electricity consumption. The normal way to meet these requirements is the stepwise extension of electricity producing plants. In countries where clean fuel is available at acceptable prices the advantages of combined cycle plants in terms of efficiency and of smooth meeting the requirements can be used. The following essay concentrates on the influences of design criterias and ambient conditions on efficiency, output and plant cost for the type of CCP which is most frequently excecuted. As a result of an optimization an executed plant is described also with regard to lay out, required space and erection time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document