scholarly journals Apgar Score Is Related to Development of Atopic Dermatitis: Cotwin Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vibeke Naeser ◽  
Niklas Kahr ◽  
Lone Graff Stensballe ◽  
Kirsten Ohm Kyvik ◽  
Axel Skytthe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Danish Twin

Aim. To study the impact of birth characteristics on the risk of atopic dermatitis in a twin population. Methods. In a population-based questionnaire study of 10,809 twins, 3–9 years of age, from the Danish Twin Registry, we identified 907 twin pairs discordant for parent-reported atopic dermatitis. We cross-linked with data from the Danish National Birth Registry and performed cotwin control analysis in order to test the impact of birth characteristics on the risk of atopic dermatitis. Results. Apgar score, OR (per unit) = 1.23 (1.06–1.44), P=0.008, and female sex, OR = 1.31 (1.06–1.61), P=0.012, were risk factors for atopic dermatitis in cotwin control analysis, whereas birth anthropometric factors were not significantly related to disease development. Risk estimates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins were not significantly different for the identified risk factors. Conclusions. In this population-based cotwin control study, high Apgar score was a risk factor for atopic dermatitis. This novel finding must be confirmed in subsequent studies.

scholarly journals Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in German adults: the impact of children in the household

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
pp. 1389-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SCHNOOR ◽  
T. KLANTE ◽  
M. BECKMANN ◽  
B. P. ROBRA ◽  
T. WELTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThe objective of this case-control study was to identify the main risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in a German adult population. A self-administered questionnaire was given to CAP cases provided by the German competence network CAPNETZ and population-based, randomly selected controls (sex- and age-matched). Multivariate analysis showed that in addition to known risk factors such as previous CAP [odds ratio (OR) 1·6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3–2·1], more than one respiratory infection during the previous year (OR 3·6, 95% CI 2·9–4·5), chronic pulmonary diseases (OR 2·3, 95% CI 1·7–3·0), number of comorbidities (OR 1·6, 95% CI 1·4–1·9), and number of children in the household (2 children: OR 2·2, 95% CI 1·5–3·4; ⩾3 children: OR 3·2, 95% CI 1·5–7·0) were independent risk factors for CAP. This was pronounced in particular in people aged ⩽65 years. The most likely explanation for this finding is higher exposure to infectious agents.

scholarly journals Risk factors for Escherichia coli bacteraemia: a population-based case-control study

The Lancet ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. S85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Song ◽  
Angharad Walters ◽  
Damon Berridge ◽  
Ashley Akbari ◽  
Meirion Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for incident venous thromboembolism in active cancer patients: A population based case–control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneel A. Ashrani ◽  
Rachel E. Gullerud ◽  
Tanya M. Petterson ◽  
Randolph S. Marks ◽  
Kent R. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Active Cancer

Abstract P672: Black White Disparity in Multiple Risk Factors is Increased in Older Young Adults

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Kathleen Ryan ◽  
Adeolu Morawo ◽  
Seemant Chaturvedi ◽  
Carolyn A Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: Stroke in young adults constitutes 15-18% of all ischemic strokes. Vascular risk factors contribute to stroke risk in young adults particularly older young adults. Few studies have addressed Black White differences in risk, stratified by age. We evaluated the prevalence of risk factors in the younger young (less than 40 years) vs. the older young adults (40 and above). Methods: A population based case control study with 1034 cases and 1091 controls, ages 15-49 was used to investigate the relationship between risk factors (DM, HTN, Smoking and Obesity) and stroke. Groups were defined by the number of risk factors (RF) among cases and controls : no risk factors (ref group), one RF, two RF, three RF and four RF. Prevalence of risk factors was determined in the entire population and stratified by age, sex and race. Logistic regression was used to determine odds of stroke based on the number of risk factors compared to the reference group. Results: The percent of cases with three or more risk factors was compared in different subgroups: ages 15-39 vs. 40-49 was 8.4 vs. 21.6, women vs. men was 15.6 vs. 18.6 and White vs. Black was 12.3 vs. 22.7. Among cases 40 years and older, Blacks were 3 times more likely than Whites (5.9 vs. 2) to have four or more risk factors.Across all age, race and sex subgroups, the odds of having a stroke increased exponentially with an increase in the number of risk factors. Conclusion: Blacks are more likely to have multiple risk factors than Whites. This difference is accentuated in those 40 years and older. Targeting young adults with multiple risk factors for preventive interventions would address a root case of excess stroke risk especially among Blacks.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Sporadic Cryptosporidiosis in the Netherlands: Analysis of a 3-Year Population Based Case-Control Study Coupled With Genotyping, 2013–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (7) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M Nic Lochlainn ◽  
Jussi Sane ◽  
Barbara Schimmer ◽  
Sofie Mooij ◽  
Jeroen Roelfsema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in biologic-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis - risk factors and tuberculosis characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. jrheum.201251
Author(s):  
Johanna Karlsson Sundbaum ◽  
Elizabeth V. Arkema ◽  
Judith Bruchfeld ◽  
Jerker Jonsson ◽  
Johan Askling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Quality Register ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Control Study

Objective To investigate risk factors and characteristics of active tuberculosis (TB) in biologics-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Population-based case-control study using the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register, the National Patient Register and the Tuberculosis Register to identify RA cases with active TB and matched RA controls without TB 2001-2014. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. TB risk was estimated as adjusted (adj) odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results After validation of diagnoses, the study included 31 RA cases with TB, and 122 matched RA controls. All except three cases had reactivation of latent TB. Pulmonary TB dominated (84%). Ever use of methotrexate was not associated with increased TB risk (adj OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.3-2.0), whereas ever treatment with leflunomide (adj OR 6.0; 95% CI 1.5-24.6), azathioprine (adj OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.1-13.8) and prednisolone (adj OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.0-5.9) was. There were no significant differences of maximum dose of prednisolone, treatment duration with prednisolone before TB, or cumulative dose of prednisolone the year before TB diagnosis between cases and controls. Obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with an increased TB risk (adj OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.4-10.7). Conclusion Several RA-associated factors may contribute to the increased TB risk in biologics-naïve RA patients, making risk of TB activation difficult to predict in the individual patient. To further decrease TB in RA patients, the results suggest that screening for latent TB should also be considered in biologics-naïve patients.

scholarly journals Environmental asbestos exposure and clustering of malignant mesothelioma in community: a spatial analysis in a population-based case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Airoldi ◽  
C. Magnani ◽  
F. Lazzarato ◽  
D. Mirabelli ◽  
S. Tunesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Neighborhood exposure to asbestos increases the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma (MM) in residents who live near asbestos mines and asbestos product plants. The area of Casale Monferrato (Northwest Italy) was impacted by several sources of asbestos environmental pollution, due to the presence of the largest Italian asbestos cement (AC) plant. In the present study, we examined the spatial variation of MM risk in an area with high levels of asbestos pollution and secondly, and we explored the pattern of clustering. Methods A population-based case–control study conducted between 2001 and 2006 included 200 cases and 348 controls. Demographic and occupational data along with residential information were recorded. Bivariate Kernel density estimation was used to map spatial variation in disease risk while an adjusted logistic model was applied to estimate the impact of residential distance from the AC plant. Kulldorf test and Cuzick Edward test were then performed. Results One hundred ninety-six cases and 322 controls were included in the analyses. The contour plot of the cases to controls ratio showed a well-defined peak of MM incidence near the AC factory, and the risk decreased monotonically in all directions when large bandwidths were used. However, considering narrower smoothing parameters, several peaks of increased risk were reported. A constant trend of decreasing OR with increasing distance was observed, with estimates of 10.9 (95% CI 5.32–22.38) and 10.48 (95%CI 4.54–24.2) for 0–5 km and 5–10 km, respectively (reference > 15 km). Finally, a significant (p < 0.0001) excess of cases near the pollution source was identified and cases are spatially clustered relative to the controls until 13 nearest neighbors. Conclusions In this study, we found an increasing pattern of mesothelioma risk in the area around a big AC factory and we detected secondary clusters of cases due to local exposure points, possibly associated to the use of asbestos materials.

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