Abstract P672: Black White Disparity in Multiple Risk Factors is Increased in Older Young Adults

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Kathleen Ryan ◽  
Adeolu Morawo ◽  
Seemant Chaturvedi ◽  
Carolyn A Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: Stroke in young adults constitutes 15-18% of all ischemic strokes. Vascular risk factors contribute to stroke risk in young adults particularly older young adults. Few studies have addressed Black White differences in risk, stratified by age. We evaluated the prevalence of risk factors in the younger young (less than 40 years) vs. the older young adults (40 and above). Methods: A population based case control study with 1034 cases and 1091 controls, ages 15-49 was used to investigate the relationship between risk factors (DM, HTN, Smoking and Obesity) and stroke. Groups were defined by the number of risk factors (RF) among cases and controls : no risk factors (ref group), one RF, two RF, three RF and four RF. Prevalence of risk factors was determined in the entire population and stratified by age, sex and race. Logistic regression was used to determine odds of stroke based on the number of risk factors compared to the reference group. Results: The percent of cases with three or more risk factors was compared in different subgroups: ages 15-39 vs. 40-49 was 8.4 vs. 21.6, women vs. men was 15.6 vs. 18.6 and White vs. Black was 12.3 vs. 22.7. Among cases 40 years and older, Blacks were 3 times more likely than Whites (5.9 vs. 2) to have four or more risk factors.Across all age, race and sex subgroups, the odds of having a stroke increased exponentially with an increase in the number of risk factors. Conclusion: Blacks are more likely to have multiple risk factors than Whites. This difference is accentuated in those 40 years and older. Targeting young adults with multiple risk factors for preventive interventions would address a root case of excess stroke risk especially among Blacks.

scholarly journals Contribution of Established Stroke Risk Factors to the Burden of Stroke in Young Adults

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1744-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Aigner ◽  
Ulrike Grittner ◽  
Arndt Rolfs ◽  
Bo Norrving ◽  
Bob Siegerink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young

Number of Risk Factors in Down Syndrome Pregnancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 079-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deana Hussamy ◽  
Christina Herrera ◽  
Diane Twickler ◽  
Donald Mcintire ◽  
Jodi Dashe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Stillborn Infant ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate risk factor prevalence in pregnancies with fetal Down syndrome, in an effort to characterize efficacy of population-based screening. Study Design Retrospective review of singleton pregnancies with delivery of live born or stillborn infant with Down syndrome from 2009 through 2015. Risk factor categories included maternal age ≥35 years, abnormal serum screening, identification of ≥1 ultrasound marker at 16 to 22 weeks (nuchal thickness ≥6 mm, echogenic intracardiac focus, echogenic bowel, renal pelvis dilatation, femur length <third percentile), and detection of a major fetal anomaly. Statistical analyses included χ2 test and Mantel–Haenszel χ2 test. Results Down syndrome infants represented 1:428 singleton births. All risk categories were assessed in 125 pregnancies and included abnormal serum screen in 110 (88%), ≥1 ultrasound marker in 66 (53%), and ≥1 anomaly in 41 (34%). The calculated risk was at least 1:270 in 93% of Down syndrome pregnancies. More pregnancies had multiple risk factors than had a single risk factor, 90 (72%) versus 30 (24%), p < 0.001. An abnormal ultrasound marker or anomaly was identified in >50% of fetuses in women <35 years and in >75% of those 35 years and older. Conclusion In a population-based cohort, sensitivity of second-trimester Down syndrome screening was 93%, with multiple risk factors present in nearly three-fourths of cases.

scholarly journals Global Outcome Assessment Life-long after stroke in young adults initiative—the GOAL initiative: study protocol and rationale of a multicentre retrospective individual patient data meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031144
Author(s):  
Merel Ekker ◽  
Mina Jacob ◽  
Myrna van Dongen ◽  
Karoliina Aarnio ◽  
Arunkar Annamalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Young Stroke ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young

IntroductionWorldwide, 2 million patients aged 18–50 years suffer a stroke each year, and this number is increasing. Knowledge about global distribution of risk factors and aetiologies, and information about prognosis and optimal secondary prevention in young stroke patients are limited. This limits evidence-based treatment and hampers the provision of appropriate information regarding the causes of stroke, risk factors and prognosis of young stroke patients.Methods and analysisThe Global Outcome Assessment Life-long after stroke in young adults (GOAL) initiative aims to perform a global individual patient data meta-analysis with existing data from young stroke cohorts worldwide. All patients aged 18–50 years with ischaemic stroke or intracerebral haemorrhage will be included. Outcomes will be the distribution of stroke aetiology and (vascular) risk factors, functional outcome after stroke, risk of recurrent vascular events and death and finally the use of secondary prevention. Subgroup analyses will be made based on age, gender, aetiology, ethnicity and climate of residence.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the GOAL study has already been obtained from the Medical Review Ethics Committee region Arnhem-Nijmegen. Additionally and when necessary, approval will also be obtained from national or local institutional review boards in the participating centres. When needed, a standardised data transfer agreement will be provided for participating centres. We plan dissemination of our results in peer-reviewed international scientific journals and through conference presentations. We expect that the results of this unique study will lead to better understanding of worldwide differences in risk factors, causes and outcome of young stroke patients.

Abstract WP229: Young African Americans With Stroke Have a Greater Burden of Multiple Risk Factors Than Their White Counterparts

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Kathleen Ryan ◽  
John W Cole ◽  
Marcella Wozniak ◽  
Seemant Chaturvedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Factor Group ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Group D

Background: Stroke in young adults accounts for 15-18% of all ischemic stroke (IS) cases and disproportionately affects African Americans (AfrAm). While it is well known that a higher prevalence of vascular risk factors, particularly HTN and DM, contributes to this excess risk, few studies have examined the potential contribution of the synergistic risk from multiple vascular risk factors. Methods: A population-based case-control study with 582 cases and 727 controls ages 15-49 was used to investigate the relationship of multiple risk factors and IS in young adults and compare AfrAM and White cases for the prevalence of multiple risk factors. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, and race was used to evaluate the association between the following mutually exclusive risk factor groups and IS: (a) Smoking alone, (b) Smoking+ HTN only, (c) Smoking + HTN +Obesity only (d) Smoking + HTN + Obesity +DM. The reference group for these analyses was those with no risk factors. Logistic regression with adjustment for age only was also used to compare AfrAM vs White cases for their prevalence in each risk factor group. Results: There were a total 218 cases with no risk factors. The odds of having an IS increased exponentially as the number of risk factors increased (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.8 - 3.0, p <0.0001 for group a versus OR 16.5, 95% CI 4.8-56.1, p<0.0001 for group d). Young AfrAM cases were approximately 6 times more likely (25.3% vs. 4.3% p<0.0001) than White cases to be in the multiple risk factor group d. Conclusion: The risk of IS increases in an exponential manner in young adults with an increasing number of traditional risk factors. Compared to their White counterparts, young AfrAm IS cases are approximately 6 times more likely to have all 4 risk factors: smoking, HTN, DM and obesity. Risk factor synergy could contribute to the excess risk of IS among young AfrAm and our study emphasizes early screening for vascular risk factors in this subgroup.

1P-0109 The relationship between oxidative stress in vivo and multiple risk factors clustering syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
T. Iizuka ◽  
T. Hitsumoto ◽  
K. Yoshinaga ◽  
M. Takahashi ◽  
H. Ohsawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract WMP49: Disparities in Rising Incidence of Stroke in Adults Younger Than 65

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Jones ◽  
Kristie Chu ◽  
Anjail Sharrief ◽  
Sean Savitz ◽  
Farhaan Vahidy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Increase In Risk ◽  
Stroke In Young

Introduction: Increased incidence of stroke in young adults has been attributed to rising prevalence of known stroke risk factors such as hypertension. Our aim is to identify young adult demographic groups most in need of clinical and public health intervention to prevent future increases in stroke incidence. Methods: We performed retrospective analyses on hospitalization data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) in adults aged 18- 64 years with diagnosis of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, or subarachnoid hemorrhage from 2006 to 2015 and compared hospitalization rates over two-year periods. Results: We included data from 1,750,081 hospitalizations meeting inclusion criteria. Comparing 2006-07 to 2014-15, rates of hospitalization for stroke increased significantly across all analyzed gender and racial groups except Asian/Pacific Islanders aged 18-34 and 34-45. Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) had the highest stroke hospitalization rates in those aged 18-44, and Asian/Pacific Islander rates were highest in ages 45-64 (Figure 1d,f). In this period, there was a 26% overall increase in risk of hospitalization for stroke in young adults with 42% (CI 1.28 - 1.57) increased risk in women aged 18-34 and 41% (1.32 -1.51) in men aged 35-44. Regionally, the South had the highest incidence of stroke hospitalization in all age groups but the highest increase in risk over the decade was seen in the Northeast. Prevalence of hypertension among hospitalized patients remained unchanged or decreased while prevalence of all other risk factors increased, mostly in obesity and lipid disorders (Figure 1h). Conclusions: Despite public awareness, stroke incidence continues to increase in young patients remaining highest among minorities and in the Southern states, but rising more in the Northeast. Personalized approaches and geographic aspects, in addition to vascular risk factor control, will all likely be needed to reduce stroke risk in these different patient populations.

Assessment of Stroke Risk Factors in Young Adults at Different Ages: A One-Year Case-Control Study (P01.008)

Neurology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (Meeting Abstracts 1) ◽  
pp. P01.008-P01.008
Author(s):  
F. Babtain ◽  
M. Al Hamrany ◽  
A. Al Hazzani ◽  
E. Al Shehri ◽  
B. Al Ghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
One Year ◽  
Control Study
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