scholarly journals Photovoltaic and Thermal Hybridized Solar Cooker

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita B. Joshi ◽  
A. R. Jani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Basic Principle ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
User Friendly

The objective of the present research work is to design user friendly solar cooker which can be commercialized too. This cooker is designed, developed, and tested in our laboratory. The basic principle is to incorporate heating into material by photovoltaic effect and thermal treatment. Different temperatures inside the solar cooker were measured and profile of solar cooker was studied for several days during April, May, and June 2012. It is observed that the designed cooker needs the boosting of only 30 watt power which is generated by a small solar panel connected with it. Heater connected with it can be powered by a solar panel of 75 watt. This boosting can reduce the cooking time. Different recipes were prepared to test its actual performance.

Simulation and Emulation Tools for Fog Computing

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simar Preet Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Anju Sharma ◽  
S. Raji Reddy ◽  
Priyanka Vashisht
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Quality Of Service Parameters ◽  
User Friendly

Background: Fog computing paradigm has recently emerged and gained higher attention in present era of Internet of Things. The growth of large number of devices all around, leads to the situation of flow of packets everywhere on the Internet. To overcome this situation and to provide computations at network edge, fog computing is the need of present time that enhances traffic management and avoids critical situations of jam, congestion etc. Methods: For research purposes, there are many methods to implement the scenarios of fog computing i.e. real-time implementation, implementation using emulators, implementation using simulators etc. The present study aims to describe the various simulation and emulation tools for implementing fog computing scenarios. Results: Review shows that iFogSim is the simulator that most of the researchers use in their research work. Among emulators, EmuFog is being used at higher pace than other available emulators. This might be due to ease of implementation and user-friendly nature of these tools and language these tools are based upon. The use of such tools enhance better research experience and leads to improved quality of service parameters (like bandwidth, network, security etc.). Conclusion: There are many fog computing simulators/emulators based on many different platforms that uses different programming languages. The paper concludes that the two main simulation and emulation tools in the area of fog computing are iFogSim and EmuFog. Accessibility of these simulation/emulation tools enhance better research experience and leads to improved quality of service parameters along with the ease of their usage.

scholarly journals R3SOLVE: A Serious Game to Support End-of-Life Rooftop Solar Panel Waste Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12418
Author(s):  
Hengky Salim ◽  
Rodney Anthony Stewart ◽  
Oz Sahin ◽  
Birthe Sagstad ◽  
Michael Dudley
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Promotional Effort ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Goal Clarity ◽  
User Friendly

A complex systems model is necessary to holistically address the end-of-life (EoL) solar panel waste problem. However, there is a significant challenge in communicating such a model to stakeholders. Serious games can overcome this challenge by simplifying a complex model via a user-friendly interface. It enables stakeholders to experiment with different decisions and understand their long-term impacts in a safe environment. In this paper, a serious game called R3SOLVE was designed from a previously developed system dynamics (SD) model. The goal of the game is to achieve certain collection and recovery outcomes through a mix of decisions ranging from product stewardship strategies, landfill regulation, technological investment, promotional effort, reuse strategy, and infrastructure improvement. The game has a single player mode, where a player can access all decisions, and a multiplayer (turn-based) mode, where two players with different roles work collaboratively to achieve the desired outcome. Rewards and penalties also exist in the game to promote players’ extrinsic motivation to use critical thinking. Both game modes have been tested in separate workshops to identify bugs and issues regarding goal clarity and in-game information. Future directions to conduct stakeholder workshops and the evaluation approach are also suggested at the end of this paper.

scholarly journals iCDI-W2vCom: Identifying the Ion Channel–Drug Interaction in Cellular Networking Based on word2vec and node2vec

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Xuan Xiao ◽  
Wang-Ren Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
3D Structures ◽  
Target Drug ◽  
Drug Compound ◽  
User Friendly

Ion channels are the second largest drug target family. Ion channel dysfunction may lead to a number of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, cephalagra, and type II diabetes. In the research work for predicting ion channel–drug, computational approaches are effective and efficient compared with the costly, labor-intensive, and time-consuming experimental methods. Most of the existing methods can only be used to deal with the ion channels of knowing 3D structures; however, the 3D structures of most ion channels are still unknown. Many predictors based on protein sequence were developed to address the challenge, while most of their results need to be improved, or predicting web servers are missing. In this paper, a sequence-based classifier, called “iCDI-W2vCom,” was developed to identify the interactions between ion channels and drugs. In the predictor, the drug compound was formulated by SMILES-word2vec, FP2-word2vec, SMILES-node2vec, and ECFPs via a 1184D vector, ion channel was represented by the word2vec via a 64D vector, and the prediction engine was operated by the LightGBM classifier. The accuracy and AUC achieved by iCDI-W2vCom via the fivefold cross validation were 91.95% and 0.9703, which outperformed other existing predictors in this area. A user-friendly web server for iCDI-W2vCom was established at http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/icdiw2v. The proposed method may also be a potential method for predicting target–drug interaction.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic effect in Light Emitting Diodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
K. Remidi ◽  
A. Cheknane ◽  
M. Haddadi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Photoelectric Effect ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Light Emitting

This paper describes an experimental work on the electrical characterization of commercial LED of different colors and their photoelectric effect. A research work has been carried out to develop the experimental measurement in order to show the presence of a photovoltaic effect on LEDs. For this purpose, we measured the electrical characteristics of individual LED and studied their light intensities using a pyranometer EPLEY. This work focused mainly on red, green and yellowLEDs. Moreover, we have implemented an experimental system for the measurement of sensitivity of different LEDs depending on the power of light from a light source. A comparison was made between theoretical model and experimental results.

scholarly journals Influence of Chromium Concentration on the Abrasive Wear Of Ni-Cr-B-Si Coatings Applied by High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhetcho Doinov Kalitchin ◽  
Mara Krumova Kandeva ◽  
Yana Petrova Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wear Intensity ◽  
High Velocity Oxygen Fuel ◽  
Preliminary Thermal Treatment ◽  
Cr Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

This research work studies the characteristics of wear and wear resistance of composite powder coatings, deposited by high-velocity oxygen fuel, which contain composite mixtures Ni-Cr-B-Si having different chromium concentrations – 9.9%; 13.2%; 14%; 16% and 20% , at one and the same size of the particles and the same content of the remaining elements. The coating of 20% Cr does not contain B and Si. Out of each powder, composite coatings have been prepared without any preliminary thermal treatment of the substrate and with preliminary thermal treatment of the substrate up to 650оС. The coatings have been tested under identical conditions of dry friction over a surface of solid firmly attached abrasive particles using the tribological testing device „Pin-on-disk“. Results have been obtained and the dependences of the hardness, mass wear, intensity of the wearing process, absolute and relative wear resistance on the Cr concentration under identical conditions of friction. It has been found out that for all the coatings the preliminary thermal treatment of the substrate leads to a decrease in the wear intensity. Upon increasing Cr concentration the wear intensity diminishes and it reaches minimal values at 16% Cr. In the case of coatings having 20% Cr concentration, the wear intensity is increased, which is due to the absence of the components B and Si in the composite mixture, whereupon no inter-metallic structures are formed having high hardness and wear resistance. The obtained results have no analogues in the current literature and they have not been published by the authors.

Synthesis and Characterization of Multi-Angular Branched ZnO Microstructures and Peculiar Nanopushpins Obtained by Thermal Treatment from Compacted ZnS Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
J.R. Mora ◽  
Gregorio Flores-Carrasco ◽  
Mauricio Pacio ◽  
T.G. Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Hector Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Wurtzite Phase ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Phase

Multi-angular branched ZnO microstructures with rods-shaped tips and nanopushpins with hexagonal cap on top have been synthesized by a simple thermal treatment process of compacted ZnS powder used as starting material and substrate. The structures have been grown at different temperatures (800, 900 and 1000 °C) for 60 min, in a constant nitrogen environment at atmospheric pressure via a catalyst-free process. XRD results of the as-grown products from ZnS powder show a significant reduction in the cubic zincblende phase to the hexagonal wurtzite phase with the increase of treatment temperature, as compared to the bulk value. Post-anneal analyses indicated that the transformation of morphologies of the as-grown structures also depends strongly on the treatment temperature. The proposed method represents an easy and economical way to grow complex structures of ZnO, with a relatively short time, furthermore, without the neediness of use an external substrate to grow. These new and interesting nanostructures have potential in applications such as optoelectronics.

Precipitation- and stress-influenced coarsening in Mg-based Mg–Zn–Sn–Y and Mg–Zn–Sn–Sb alloys

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1228-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Gorny ◽  
Alexander Katsman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Interphase Boundaries ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Face

Extensive experimental research work has been carried out to investigate precipitation peculiarities in Mg–Zn–Sn-based alloys during aging at different temperatures. This in-depth research was conducted on Mg–4.4wt%Zn–4.0wt%Sn–0.6wt%Y and Mg–4.4wt%Zn–4.4wt%Sn–1.1wt%Sb using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) including high-resolution TEM, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS). It was found that, first, a hexagonal close-packed (hcp)-MgZn2 phase nucleates and grows in the form of needles having coherent interphase boundaries with α-Mg matrix. Then the face-centered cubic (fcc)-Mg2Sn-phase nucleates heterogeneously, mainly at the tips of MgZn2 needles. A very certain mutual orientation of crystal lattices of MgZn2, Mg2Sn, and α-Mg matrix was revealed. The orientation of Mg2Sn precipitates is perpendicular to that of MgZn2 needles. They grow in the form of plates parallel to the basal planes of α-Mg matrix. Two-phase T-like particles are very typical of alloys aged for 1 to 16 days at 175 to 225 °C. The width/length ratio of MgZn2 needles inside T-like particles differs substantially from that found in single needles. The elastic/surface energy balance of needles and its influence on the morphology and coarsening behavior has been analyzed.

SUBSUMPTION DEGREES BETWEEN ENTITY TYPES AND NAMES FOR APPROXIMATE KNOWLEDGE RETRIEVAL

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
TRU H. CAO ◽  
DAT T. HUYNH
Keyword(s):  
Query Language ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Conceptual Graphs ◽  
Query Graph ◽  
Front End ◽  
The One ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Query Modification ◽  
Source Of Information

The Web has become a huge and indispensable source of information to be used and shared globally, where knowledge is commonly represented and stored in RDF, or alternatively, in conceptual graphs. Managing and searching for web information have gone beyond the relational database model, as the data are semi-structured and inexact answers are often the case. Usually, approximate searching results are due to mismatching between entity types and names in a query and an answer. Firstly, this research work focuses on partial subsumption of a query graph to an answer graph, which is an unsymmetric measure in contrast to similarity. Secondly, it proposes a population-based method for defining subsumption degrees between entity types, one to another, and a class-sensitive soft TF-IDF method for entity names. Lastly, on the one hand, for a user-friendly interface and easily readable query expressions, conceptual graphs are employed at the front-end. On the other hand, in order to take the advantage of the existing platform of SeRQL, an exact RDF query language, the query modification tactic is used to retrieve the knowledge graphs that are close to a query graph, before the subsumption degrees of the query graph to those answer graphs are calculated.

Effects of Thermal Treatment on the Structure of Eu:YAG Nanopowder

2007 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Saladino ◽  
Eugenio Caponetti ◽  
Stefano Enzo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Lattice Strain ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Garnet Phase ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Co Precipitation

Eu:YAG nanopowder precursors were obtained by co-precipitation of aluminium, yttrium and europium nitrates solution with ammonia. The hydroxides precursors were calcined at different temperatures from 900 to 1200°C as a function of holding time (1, 2 and 6 hours). The presence of Eu3+ ions in the matrix was confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-rays analysis. X-Ray Diffraction investigation by the Rietveld method shows that the sample treated at 900°C for 1 hour is essentially the garnet phase with the minor presence of hexagonal and monoclinic metastable phases. The Eu3+ ions are incorporated into the garnet phase, as is suggested by the lattice parameter value being larger than that in literature data (homogeneous strain). For the sample treated at 900°C for 1 hour, electron microscopy observations showed agglomerates of spherical particles of mean size about 50 nm. At higher temperature treatments and for longer holding times the minority hexagonal and monoclinic phases totally disappeared. However, the lattice parameters of the cubic garnet phase gradually decreased with temperature, suggesting an expulsion of Eu3+ ions from the solid solution. Simultaneous with this, it was noted that the lattice strain reached a maximum value, but to later decrease, due to the vacancies created by the Eu species initially migrating to the surface of the coherent domains of diffraction. The lattice strain definitely decreased upon more drastic thermal treatments. Meanwhile, FEG-SEM and TEM observations on the same samples confirmed the growth of the garnet particles as a function of the thermal treatment.

Effect of manufacturing parameters and thermal treatment on the properties of tubular braids and tubular knits

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-430
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Lou ◽  
Po-Ching Lu ◽  
Jin-Jia Hu ◽  
Jia-Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Textile Composites ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Thermal Treatment Temperature ◽  
Medical Textiles ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Conductive Textile ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Abstract Textile techniques can be applied to create two-dimensional or three-dimensional tubular fabrics. Three-dimensional tubular knits can be used in many fields, such as for medical textiles, conductive textile, composites, and tissue engineering. This study aimed to examine the effects of different yarn types on various fabrics and of different temperatures on the variations in the properties of textiles. Four types of wrapped yarn (P150, P75, S140, and S70) were made into tubular braids and knits, after which the products were thermally treated at various temperatures (120°C, 140°C, and 160°C). A shrinkage measurement, a porosity test, a braid angle test, and a tensile test were performed to evaluate the tubular braids and knits. The test results indicated that the thermal treatment temperature did not affect the porosity of the tubular braids and tubular knits. The porosity of the tubular braids was between 40.32% and 48.27%, while that of the tubular knits was between 10.15% and 35.57%. In addition, the tensile strength of both fabric types increased by 40–50%, while their displacement increased by 200–250%. In the future, the efficacy of tubular braids and tubular knits for use as vascular grafts will be examined.

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