scholarly journals Obesity Affects Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase in Human Omental Adipose Tissue

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Christe ◽  
Estelle Hirzel ◽  
Andrea Lindinger ◽  
Beatrice Kern ◽  
Markus von Flüe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Atp Generation ◽  
Human Omental Adipose Tissue

The activities of some key enzymes in mitochondria from 135 human omental adipose tissue samples of obese and nonobese patients were analyzed for potential association with the patients’ state of obesity. The activities of respiratory complexes I and II as well as citrate synthase in isolated mitochondria were measured using spectrophotometric enzyme assays. ATP generation of mitochondria was determined with a bioluminescence assay. Protein levels of citrate synthase were quantified by western blot. The rates of ATP generation and the enzymatic activities of complexes I and II did not display associations with age, gender, obesity, or diabetes. By contrast, the enzymatic activities of citrate synthase and its protein levels were significantly reduced in obesity as compared to controls. In diabetic patients, protein levels but not enzymatic activities of citrate synthase were elevated. Thus, this investigation based on enzymatic assay and determination of protein levels revealed that the development of obesity is associated with a significant impact on citrate synthase in mitochondria of human omental adipose tissue. The state of obesity appears to affect mitochondrial function in human omental adipose tissue by limiting this key enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle rather than by limiting the activities of respiratory chain enzymes.

Dexamethasone and the inflammatory response in explants of human omental adipose tissue

2010 ◽  
Vol 315 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Fain ◽  
Paramjeet Cheema ◽  
Atul K. Madan ◽  
David S. Tichansky
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Omental Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Retinoic acid and vitamin D(3) powerfully inhibit in vitro leptin secretion by human adipose tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Menendez ◽  
M Lage ◽  
R Peino ◽  
R Baldelli ◽  
P Concheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D 3 ◽  
Gender Based

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is secreted into the circulation by white adipose tissue; its major role being to participate in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Plasma leptin levels are mainly determined by the relative adiposity of the subject; however, the great dispersion of values for any given body mass index and the noteworthy gender-based differences indicate that other factors are operating. Steroid hormones actively participate in the regulation of leptin secretion; however, non-steroid nuclear hormones have either not been studied or have provided contradictory results. In order to understand the role of hormones of the non-steroid superfamily such as 3,5,3'-tri-iodothyronine (T(3)), vitamin D(3) and retinoic acid (RA) in the control of leptin secretion, in the present work doses of 10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) M of these compounds have been studied on in vitro leptin secretion. The organ culture was performed with omental adipose tissue samples from healthy donors (n=28). T(3) was devoid of effect at any dose studied, while an inhibition of leptin secretion was observed with 9-cis-RA (slight) and all-trans-RA (potent). Interestingly, vitamin D(3) exerted a powerfully inhibitory role at the doses studied, and its action was synergistic with all-trans-RA. In conclusion, in vitro leptin secretion by human adipose tissue is negatively controlled by either RA or vitamin D(3). The clinical significance of leptin regulation by this superfamily of nuclear receptors remains to be ascertained.

scholarly journals Decreased Expression Of apM1 in Omental and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Humans With Type 2 Diabetes

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Statnick ◽  
Lisa S. Beavers ◽  
Laura J. Conner ◽  
Helena Corominola ◽  
Dwayne Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

We have screened a subtracted cDNA library in order to identify differentially expressed genes in omental adipose tissue of human patients with Type 2 diabetes. One clone (#1738) showed a marked reduction in omental adipose tissue from patients with Type 2 diabetes. Sequencing and BLAST analysis revealed clone #1738 was the adipocyte-specific secreted protein gene apM1 (synonyms ACRP30, AdipoQ, GBP28). Consistent with the murine orthologue, apM1 mRNA was expressed in cultured human adipocytes and not in preadipocytes. Using RT-PCR we confirmed that apM1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in omental adipose tissue of obese patients with Type 2 diabetes compared with lean and obese normoglycemic subjects. Although less pronounced, apM1 mRNA levels were reduced in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Type 2 diabetic patients. Whereas the biological function of apM1 is presently unknown, the tissue specific expression, structural similarities to TNFα and the dysregulated expression observed in obese Type 2 diabetic patients suggest that this factor may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes.

Comparison of messenger RNA distribution for 60 proteins in fat cells vs the nonfat cells of human omental adipose tissue

Metabolism ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1005-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Fain ◽  
Ben Buehrer ◽  
Suleiman W. Bahouth ◽  
David S. Tichansky ◽  
Atul K. Madan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Omental Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Attenuated metabolism is a hallmark of obesity as revealed by comparative proteomic analysis of human omental adipose tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Pérez-Pérez ◽  
Eva García-Santos ◽  
Francisco J. Ortega-Delgado ◽  
Juan A. López ◽  
Emilio Camafeita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Human Omental Adipose Tissue
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