scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of Coriander Cakes Obtained by Extrusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazia Sriti ◽  
Manel Neffati ◽  
Kamel Msaada ◽  
Thierry Talou ◽  
Brahim Marzouk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Petroselinic Acid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Major Sterol ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acids

This study was designed to examine the effect of operating conditions such as nozzle diameter on fatty acid, sterol, and tocol composition of coriander cakes. Eight fatty acids were identified, with petroselinic acid accounting for 75–77% of the total fatty acids, followed by linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids, accounting for 12-13%, 5%, and 3%, respectively, of the total fatty acids.β-Sitosterol was the major sterol in all oils with 33–35% of total sterols. The next major sterols in all oils were stigmasterol (24% of total sterols) and Δ7-stigmasterol (15% of total sterols). Coriander cake contained higher amounts of total tocotrienol whereγ-tocotrienol was the main compound.

Characterization of 9 Newly Bred Peanut Genotypes for Seed Fatty Acid Profiles Suitable for Biodiesel Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1134-1137
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Zhang ◽  
Xiu Zhen Wang ◽  
Yue Yi Tang ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Quan Xi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Seed Fatty Acid ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Nine newly bred peanut genotypes from our research group were analyzed for their seed fatty acid composition. Oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids were 3 major fatty acids in peanut seed oil, together constituting 89.65%-91.83% of total fatty acids in peanut seeds. Five of the peanut lines/cultivars tested had an oleate to linoleate ratio (O/L) of 19.11-31.37, and may be classified as high-oleic, providing good sources for biodiesel production. Of them, 12L48 is most promising due to its high productivity and saline tolerance.

scholarly journals Towards a Valorization of Corn Bioethanol Side Streams: Chemical Characterization of Post Fermentation Corn Oil and Thin Stillage

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Di Lena ◽  
Petra Ondrejíčková ◽  
Josè Sanchez del Pulgar ◽  
Veronika Cyprichová ◽  
Tomáš Ježovič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thin Stillage ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Starting Point

First-generation biofuel biorefineries may be a starting point for the development of new value chains, as their by-products and side streams retain nutrients and valuable molecules that may be recovered and valorized for high-value applications. This study provides a chemical characterization of post-fermentation corn oil and thin stillage, side streams of dry-grind corn bioethanol production, in view of their valorization. An overall long-term study was conducted on the two co-products collected over 1 year from a bioethanol plant. Water content, acid value, sedimentation, mineral composition, and fatty acid profiles were analyzed on post-fermentation corn oil. Results highlighted that its acid value was high (19.72–24.29 mg KOH/g), indicating high levels of free fatty acids, but stable over the year due to standardized operating conditions. The fatty acid profile was that typical of corn oil, with a prevalence of linoleic (54–59% of total fatty acids) over oleic (23–27%) and palmitic (12–17%) acids. Macronutrients, fatty acid, and mineral profiles were investigated in thin stillage. Results revealed the acidic pH (4.05–4.68) and high dilution (90–93% water) of this side stream. The dry mass was composed of fats (19–30%), proteins (8.8–12.8%), ash (8.7–9.5%), and fiber (7.3–9.8%). The concomitant presence of a variegate complex of molecules of nutritional interest in corn bioethanol co-products, with several potential high-value market applications, make the perspective of their recovery a promising strategy to create new cross-sector interconnections according to circular economy principles.

Biochemical characterization of polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in Schizochytrium: Release of the products as free fatty acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Metz ◽  
Jerry Kuner ◽  
Bradley Rosenzweig ◽  
James C. Lippmeier ◽  
Paul Roessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Synthesis

Metabolic control analysis of de novo sunflower fatty acid biosynthesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martinez-Force ◽  
R. Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Metabolic Control Analysis ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

We have obtained a simulation of the final steps of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in sunflower control line RHA-274. For this simulation, we have used data from the evolution of fatty acids during seed formation and from the biochemical characterization of β-keto-acyl-ACP synthetase II (FASII), stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD) and acyl-ACP thioesterase activities and the program GEPASI (based on the metabolic control-analysis theory). When physiological data from high- and mediumstearic acid mutants seed development were used with this model the predicted changes in SAD and TE were very similar to those actually found in the biochemical characterization of these mutants. However, the model had to be modified when results from high-palmitic mutants, accumulating unusual fatty acids like palmitoleic, asclepic and palmitolinoleic acids, were used. The emerging model, that fits all of our results, predicts the existence of a dynamic channelling between the FASII complex and SAD, that channelling being responsible for the alternative pathway starting with the desaturation of palmitic acid by the stearoyl-ACP desaturase. This channelling is consistent with our previous results. For instance, the determination of SAD activity on sunflower seed crude extracts only rendered oleic acid when the stearic acid used as a substrate was obtained from a KASII assay, but not when the stearic acid came from in vitro synthesis using acyl-ACP synthetase from Escherichia coli. This theoretical approximation will be very useful in predicting the evolution of the system when introducing new or modified activities; similar approximations in other oil-seed crops could be of great interest.

Determination of biological characteristics of Tunisian Artemia salina populations

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkarim Mahdhi ◽  
Concetta Messina ◽  
Fathi Kamoun ◽  
Andrea Santulli ◽  
Amina Bakhrouf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
New Information ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Hatching Percentage ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIn this study, Artemia salina cysts collected from four Tunisian hypersaline environments were characterized using biometrical, biological and biochemical descriptors. Biometrical analysis revealed that the mean diameter value ranged from 220.25 to 237.76 μm, for the untreated cysts, from 199 to 224.52 μm for decapsulated cysts and that the chorion thickness ranged from 6.62 to 10.58 μm. 48 h after hatching, Artemia from Sebkha El Meleh, Sebha Moknine, Sfax saltworks and Sahline saltworks presented a hatching percentage of 52.7%, 53.75%, 70.16% and 43.74%, respectively. The length of the freshly hatched instar I nauplii varied from 429 to 449.34 μm. The fatty acids profile showed that the n-3 series was strongly dominant in the samples collected from Sebkha Moknine and Sfax saltworks, representing a percentage ranging from 17.92% to 22.45% of the total fatty acids. The data collected in this study can be useful to add new information on biological and biochemical characterization of Artemia strains present in Tunisia. On the basis of fatty acid profile, the Artemia strains collected from Sahline saltworks, Sfax saltworks and Sebkha El Meleh can be as classified as “marine” type, and that from Sebha of Moknine as “freshwater” type.

scholarly journals Bicarbonate for microalgae cultivation: a case study in a chlorophyte, Tetradesmus wisconsinensis isolated from a Norwegian lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikumi Umetani ◽  
Eshetu Janka ◽  
Michal Sposób ◽  
Chris J. Hulatt ◽  
Synne Kleiven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

AbstractBicarbonate was evaluated as an alternative carbon source for a green microalga, Tetradesmus wisconsinensis, isolated from Lake Norsjø in Norway. Photosynthesis, growth, and lipid production were studied using four inorganic carbon regimes: (1) aeration only, (2) 20 mM NaHCO3, (3) 5% (v/v) CO2 gas, and (4) combination of 20 mM NaHCO3 and 5% CO2. Variable chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis revealed that the bicarbonate treatment supported effective photosynthesis, while the CO2 treatment led to inefficient photosynthetic activity with a PSII maximum quantum yield as low as 0.31. Conversely, bicarbonate and CO2 treatments gave similar biomass and fatty acid production. The maximum growth rate, the final cell dry weight, and total fatty acids under the bicarbonate-only treatment were 0.33 (± 0.06) day−1, 673 (± 124) mg L−1 and 75 (± 5) mg g−1 dry biomass, respectively. The most abundant fatty acid components were α-linolenic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids constituting 69% of the total fatty acids. The fatty acid profile eventuated in unsuitable biodiesel fuel properties such as high degree of unsaturation and low cetane number; however, it would be relevant for food and feed applications. We concluded that bicarbonate could give healthy growth and comparative product yields as CO2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Variability of Cured Vanilla Beans (Vanilla tahitensis and Vanilla planifolia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Brunschwig ◽  
François Xavier Collard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bianchini ◽  
Phila Raharivelomanana
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vanilla Planifolia ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

In order to establish a chemical fingerprint of vanilla diversity, thirty samples of V. planifolia J. W. Moore and V. tahitensis G. Jackson cured beans from seven producing countries were examined for their aroma and fatty acid contents. Both fatty acid and aroma compositions were found to vary between vanilla species and origins. Vanillin was found in higher amounts in V. planifolia (1.7-3.6% of dry matter) than in V. tahitensis (1.0-2.0%), and anisyl compounds were found in lower amounts in V. planifolia (0.05%) than in V. tahitensis (1.4%-2.1%). Ten common and long chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCFA) were identified and were found to be characteristic of the vanilla origin. LCFA derived from secondary metabolites have discriminating compositions as they reach 5.9% and 15.8% of total fatty acids, respectively in V. tahitensis and V. planifolia. This study highlights the role of the curing method as vanilla cured beans of two different species cultivated in the same country were found to have quite similar fatty acid compositions.

Prediction of Fatty Acid Content in Beef Neck Lean by near Infrared Reflectance Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Windham ◽  
W.H. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the prediction of individual and total fatty acids of bovine M. Longissimus dorsi neck muscles has been studied. Beef neck lean was collected from meat processing establishments using advanced meat recovery systems and hand-deboning. Samples ( n = 302) were analysed to determine fatty acid (FA) composition and scanned from 400 to 2498 nm. Total saturated and unsaturated FA values ranged from 43.2 to 62.0% and 38.3 to 56.2%, respectively. Results of partial least squares (PLS) modeling shown reasonably accurate models were attained for total saturate content [standard error of performance ( SEP = 1.10%); coefficient of determination on the validation set ( r2 = 0.77)], palmitic ( SEP = 0.94%; r2 = 0.69), unsaturate ( SEP = 1.13%; r2 = 0.77), and oleic ( SEP = 0.97; r2 = 0.78). Prediction of other individual saturated and unsaturated FAs was less accurate with an r2 range of 0.10 to 0.53. However, the sum of individual predicted saturated and unsaturated FA was acceptable compared with the reference method ( SEP = 1.10 and 1.12%, respectively). This study shows that NIR can be used to predict accurately total fatty acids in M. Longissimus dorsi muscle.

Characterization of Aeromonas genomic species by using quinone, polyamine, and fatty acid patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Klaus Blasczyk ◽  
Georg Auling
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Genomic Species ◽  
Great Homogeneity ◽  
Hydroxylated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Study

A chemotaxonomic study was carried out on representative strains of 13 Aeromonas genomic species. Quinone, polyamine, and fatty acid patterns were found to be very useful for an improved characterization of the genus and an improved differentiation from members of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. The Q-8-benzoquinone was the predominant ubiquinone, and putrescine and diaminopropane were the major poly amines of the genus. The fatty acid patterns of 181 strains, all characterized by DNA–DNA hybridization, showed a great homogeneity within the genus, with major amounts of hexadecanoic acid (16:0), hexadecenoic acid (16:1), and octadecenoic acid (18:1), and minor amounts of the hydroxylated fatty acids (3-OH 13:0, 2-OH 14:0, 3-OH 14:0) in addition to some iso and anteiso branched fatty acids (i-13:0, i-17:1, i-17:0, and a-17:0). Although some differences in fatty acid profiles between the genomic species could be observed, a clearcut differentiation of all species was not possible.Key words: Aeromonas, polyamines, quinones, fatty acids, differentiation.

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