scholarly journals A Comparison between Use of Spray and Freeze Drying Techniques for Preparation of Solid Self-Microemulsifying Formulation of Valsartan andIn VitroandIn VivoEvaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Singh ◽  
Parameswara Rao Vuddanda ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Anand Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Flowing Powder ◽  
Capmul Mcm

The objective of the present study was to develop self micro emulsifying formulation (SMEF) of valsartan to improve its oral bioavailability. The formulations were screened on the basis of solubility, stability, emulsification efficiency, particle size and zeta potential. The optimized liquid SMEF contains valsartan (20% w/w), Capmul MCM C8 (16% w/w), Tween 80 (42.66% w/w) and PEG 400 (21.33% w/w) as drug, oil, surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively. Further, Liquid SMEF was adsorbed on Aerosol 200 by spray and freeze drying methods in the ratio of 2 : 1 and transformed into free flowing powder. Both the optimized liquid and solid SMEF had the particle size <200 nm with rapid reconstitution properties. Both drying methods are equally capable for producing stable solid SMEF and immediate release of drug inin vitroandin vivoconditions. However, the solid SMEF produced by spray drying method showed high flowability and compressibility. The solid state characterization employing the FTIR, DSC and XRD studies indicated insignificant interaction of drug with lipid and adsorbed excipient. The relative bioavailability of solid SMEF was approximately 1.5 to 3.0 folds higher than marketed formulation and pure drug. Thus, the developed solid SMEF illustrates an alternative delivery of valsartan as compared to existing formulations with improved bioavailability.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Ibuprofen Nanosuspensions for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Hedaya ◽  
Farzana Bandarkar ◽  
Aly Nada
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Extent Of Absorption ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The objectives were to prepare, characterize and in vivo evaluate different ibuprofen (IBU) nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-homogenization, after oral administration to rabbits. Methods: The nanosuspensions produced by ultra-homogenization were tested and compared with a marketed IBU suspension for particle size, in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption. Five groups of rabbits received orally 25 mg/kg of IBU nanosuspension, nanoparticles, unhomogenized suspension, marketed product and untreated suspension. A sixth group received 5 mg/kg IBU intravenously. Serial blood samples were obtained after IBU administration. Results: The formulated nanosuspensions showed significant decrease in particle size. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone K30 (PP) was found to improve IBU aqueous solubility much better than the other tested polymers. Addition of Tween 80 (TW), in equal amount as PP (IBU: PP:TW, 1:2:2 w/w) resulted in much smaller particle size and better dissolution rate. The Cmax achieved were 14.8±1.64, 11.1±1.37, 9.01±0.761, 7.03±1.38 and 3.23±1.03 μg/ml and the tmax were 36±8.2, 39±8.2, 100±17.3, 112±15 and 105±17 min for the nanosuspension, nanoparticle, unhomogenized suspension, marketed IBU suspension and untreated IBU suspension in water, respectively. Bioavailability of the different formulations relative to the marketed suspension were the highest for nanosuspension> unhomogenized suspension> nanoparticles> untreated IBU suspension. Conclusion: IBU/PP/TW nanosuspensions showed enhanced in vitro dissolution as well as faster rate and higher extent of absorption as indicated from the higher Cmax, shorter tmax and larger AUC. The in vivo data supported the in vitro results. Nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-high-pressure-homogenization technique can be used as a good formulation strategy to enhance the rate and extent of absorption of poorly soluble drugs.

Ανάπτυξη καινοτόμων νανομορφών για στοχευμένη μεταφορά θεραπευτικών ή/και απεικονιστικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαρία Κανναβού
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Capmul Mcm

Η μεταφορά θεραπευτικών και απεικονιστικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο, είναι σε αρκετές περιπτώσεις αδύνατη, λόγω της ύπαρξης του αιματοεγκεφαλικού φραγμού (ΑΕΦ). Η εφαρμογή της νανοτεχνολογίας για την αντιμετώπιση αυτού του προβλήματος έχει αρχίσει προσφάτως να δείχνει σημάδια επιτυχίας. Λόγω της δυσκολίας αντιμετώπισης των νευροεκφυλιστικών νόσων και της επιτακτικής ιατρικής ανάγκης που δεν έχει ως σήμερα αντιμετωπιστεί επιτυχώς, γίνεται μεγάλη προσπάθεια προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση.Πρόσφατα έχει αναδειχτεί η εξαιρετική ικανότητα ορισμένων κυστιδίων που παράγονται από τα κύτταρα (εξωκυτταρικά κυστίδια ή εξωσώματα) να μεταφέρουν επιλεκτικά το φορτίο τους σε άλλα κύτταρα που βρίσκονται πολύ μακριά από τα κύτταρα προέλευσης. Ειδικά τα καρκινικά κύτταρα παράγουν εξωσώματα με πολύ καλό οργανοτροπισμό, ο οποίος έχει αναδειχτεί ότι παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στη μετάσταση.Στόχος αυτής της διατριβής ήταν η διερεύνηση των μηχανισμών μεταφοράς καθώς και των σημαντικών συστατικών που καθορίζουν την οργανοτροπική δράση κυτταρικών κυστιδίων, ώστε να αποτελέσουν τη βάση για τη μελλοντική ανάπτυξη καινοτόμων μορφών λιποσωμάτων με αυξημένη ικανότητα στόχευσης του εγκεφάλου.Στην παρούσα διατριβή έγινε μελέτη της ικανότητας στόχευσης του εγκεφάλου από κυτταρικά κυστίδια (CVs) που προέρχονται από διαφορετικούς τύπους κυττάρων (φυσιολογικά και καρκινικά) και έχουν διαφορετική ιστική προέλευση, ώστε να εντοπιστούν οι βέλτιστες συστάσεις για στόχευση του εγκεφάλου.Αρχικά, δοκιμάστηκε η απομόνωση κυτταρικών κυστιδίων από φυσιολογικά ανθρώπινα επιθηλιακά κύτταρα εγκεφάλου hCMEC/D3 και από καρκινικά κύτταρα μελανώματος ποντικού B16F10. Τα κυστίδια αυτά χαρακτηρίστηκαν ως προς το μέγεθος, το δείκτη πολυδιασποράς και το ζ-δυναμικό, μελετήθηκε ο ρόλος των κυττάρων προέλευσης των CVs στη δυνατότητά τους να διευκολύνουν τη μεταφορά του περιεχομένου τους σε κύτταρα καθώς και η δυνατότητα τροποποίησής τους για βελτίωση της φαρμακοκινητικής τους. Τα κυστίδια αυτά είναι μη τοξικά και έχουν μέγεθος 100-200nm με αρνητικό επιφανειακό φορτίο. Απ' τα αποτελέσματα είναι εμφανής η αυξημένη αλληλεπίδραση των ομόλογων CVs με τα κύτταρα εγκεφάλου (hCMEC/D3) in vitro αλλά και in vivo επιτυγχάνοντας συσσώρευση μεγαλύτερωνποσότητων στον εγκέφαλο ποντικών. Επιπλέον, μελετήθηκε η επίδραση των μέσων καλλιέργειας στη ικανότητα στόχευσης των CVs και αποδείχτηκε ότι το ειδικό θρεπτικό μέσο για τα hCMEC/D3 (EndoGRO) οδηγεί στη δημιουργία CVs με μεγαλύτερη ικανότητα στόχευσης του εγκεφάλου, σε σύγκριση με CVs μεγαλωμένα στο κοινό θρεπτικό μέσο κυττάρων RPMI. Ο εμπλουτισμός των CVs με χοληστερόλη για αύξηση της ακεραιότητας των κυστιδίων, ήταν δυνατός μόνο σε μεμβράνες με χαμηλή περιεκτικότητα χοληστερόλης (hCMEC/D3 CVs). Η προσθήκη PEG και χοληστερόλης στην επιφάνεια των CVs διευκόλυνε τη μεταφορά των ομόλογων CVs στον εγκέφαλο. Στο πλαίσιο της τροποποίησης των κυτταρικών κυστιδίων, μελετήθηκε και η σύντηξη των CVs με PEG-λιποσώματα. Η τεχνική της σύντηξης δοκιμάστηκε με διαφορετικούς τύπους λιποσωμάτων και κυτταρικών κυστιδίων ώστε να επιβεβαιωθεί η λειτουργικότητά της. Τα υβρίδια μεταξύ PEG-λιποσωμάτων και hCMEC CVs, παρόλο που εμφάνισαν μια ελαφρώς βελτιωμένη φαρμακοκινητική σε σχέση με τα αντίστοιχα CVs, δεν κατάφεραν να επαναλάβουν την ίδια στόχευση εγκεφάλου που πραγματοποιήθηκε από τροποποιημένα Chol/PEG CVs. Στη μελέτη του μηχανισμού δράσης των διάφορων τύπων κυστιδίων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε αυτή τη μελέτη, φαίνεται πως τα CVs και τα υβρίδια αλληλεπιδρούν με τα κύτταρα κυρίως μέσω του μονοπατιού της καβεολίνης, σε αντίθεση με τα τροποποιημένα Chol/PEG CVs που χρησιμοποιούν κυρίως το μονοπάτι της κλαθρίνης.Παράλληλα, μελετήθηκε η ικανότητα εγκλωβισμού καινοτόμων νευροπροστατευτικών και νευροαναγεννητικών συνθετικών μικρονευροτροφινών σε λιποσώματα. Τα μόρια αυτά είναι αρκετά λιπόφιλα και διαπερνούν τον ΑΕΦ. Παρόλα αυτά, η χαμηλή υδατοδιαλυτότητά τους και ο τρόπος χορήγησής τους, περιορίζει τη χρήση τους στη θεραπευτική. Αρχικά, με βάση τα πειράματα προμορφοποίησης προσδιορίστηκαν οι βέλτιστες συστάσεις και μέθοδοι παρασκευής των λιποσωμικών μικρονευροτροφινών (ΒΝΝ27 και ΒΝΝ237). Στη συνέχεια, έγιναν προσπάθειες παρασκευής νανομορφών για ενδορρινική χορήγηση του ΒΝΝ27, με σκοπό την άμεση χορήγησή του στον εγκέφαλο και την αντιμετώπιση των μειονεκτημάτων που εμφανίζονται απ’ τη στόχευση του εγκεφάλου μέσω της ενδοφλέβιας οδού χορήγησης. Μελετήθηκε η επικάλυψη των λιποσωμάτων με χιτοζάνη, ένα παράγοντα με βλεννοσυγκολλητικές ιδιότητες, και προσδιορίστηκε η βέλτιστη σύσταση BNN27 λιποσωμάτων PC/PG (9/1) επικαλυμμένα με 0,1 w/w χιτοζάνη/ λιπίδιο, χρησιμοποιώντας τη χιτοζάνη μεσαίου μοριακού βάρους ως πολυμερές βλεννοπροσκόλλησης. Ακόμα, αναπτύχθηκαν νανογαλακτώματα ΒΝΝ27 με βλεννοσυγκολλητικούς παράγοντες (χιτοζάνη ή Carbopol), ως εναλλακτικοί φορείς ενδορρινικής χορήγησης ΒΝΝ27. Μετά τις κατάλληλες μελέτες προμορφοποίησης, προσδιορίστηκαν οι βέλτιστες συστάσεις ΒΝΝ27 νανογαλακτώματος. Τα νανογαλακτώματα με 8% ή 10% w/w Capmul MCM και χιτοζάνη σε ποσοστό 0,3% w/w εμφάνισαν τα βέλτιστα χαρακτηριστικά σταθερότητας και βλεννοπροσκόλλησης. Ως μίγμα επιφανειοδραστικών χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα έκδοχα Tween 80 / Transcutol / Propylene glycol σε αναλογία 4/1/1. Οι νανομορφές αυτές αφού χαρακτηρίστηκαν ως προς το μέγεθος των σταγονιδίων, το δείκτη πολυδιασποράς, το ζ-δυναμικό και τη μορφολογία τους, μελετήθηκαν ως προς τη σταθερότητα των φυσικοχημικών τους ιδιοτήτων, την κυτταροτοξικότητα, την ικανότητα διαπέρασης ενός in vitro μοντέλου ΑΕΦ και την in vivo συμπεριφορά μετά από ενδορρινική χορήγηση.

scholarly journals Physiologically Relevant In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation (IVIVC) Approach for Sildenafil with Site-Dependent Dissolution

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Hwan Kim ◽  
Soyoung Shin ◽  
Seok Won Jeong ◽  
Jong Bong Lee ◽  
Beom Soo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
In Vivo Dissolution

This study aimed to establish a physiologically relevant in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) model reflecting site-dependent dissolution kinetics for sildenafil based on population-pharmacokinetic (POP-PK) modeling. An immediate release (IR, 20 mg) and three sustained release (SR, 60 mg) sildenafil tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. In vitro dissolutions were determined by the paddle method at pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 media. The in vivo pharmacokinetics were assessed after oral administration of the prepared IR and SR formulations to Beagle dogs (n = 12). The dissolution of sildenafil from SR formulations was incomplete at pH 6.8, which was not observed at pH 1.2 and pH 4.5. The relative bioavailability was reduced with the decrease of the dissolution rate. Moreover, secondary peaks were observed in the plasma concentration-time curves, which may result from site-dependent dissolution. Thus, a POP-PK model was developed to reflect the site-dependent dissolution by separately describing the dissolution and absorption processes, which allowed for estimation of the in vivo dissolution of sildenafil. Finally, an IVIVC was established and validated by correlating the in vitro and in vivo dissolution rates. The present approach may be applied to establish IVIVC for various drugs with complex dissolution kinetics for the development of new formulations.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of clarithromycin–urea solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation, electrospraying and freeze drying methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad Mohammadi ◽  
Vahid Hemati ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Nikbakht ◽  
Shahla Mirzaee ◽  
Ali Fattahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF NIFEDIPINE LOADED NANOCARRIERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
ASHWINI JADHAV ◽  
BINOY VARGHESE CHERIYAN
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
The Stability

Objective: The main aim of this study to formulate a nifedipine-loaded nanocarrier for improving solubility and bioavailability. Methods: To improve the solubility of drug, nifedipine-loaded nanocarrier (lipotomes) were prepared by using the film lipid hydration technique. lipotomes were prepared by using tween 80, which is used for increasing solubility and cetyl alcohol for lipophilic environment. Drug excipients interaction determined by FTIR. lipotomes were characterized for particle size, Entrapment efficiency and zeta potential. lipotomes were optimized by using Design-Expert 12 software. Optimized formula further lyophilized by using different cyroproyectant to improve the stability and oral administration of the drug. Results: FTIR shows there was no interaction between formulation ingredients. Mean particle size, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential was determined and found to be 308.1 nm, 96.7%, 20.1mV, respectively. Surface morphology of lipotomes was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Optimized lipotomes was lyophilized with Mannitol (8% w/v) was the ideal cryoprotectant to retain the physicochemical characteristics of the OLT formulation after lyophilization. Conclusion: Nifedipine loaded nanocarrier was successfully prepared, using film hydration method. Which have good particle size, EE% and zeta potential. After lyophilization no significant changes was observed in particle size with good physical stability, so it could be a good choice for conventional drug delivery system by doing further investigation as in vitro and in vivo study

Optimization of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Dextrin in Development of Dried Nanosuspension for Poorly Water-Soluble Drug

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5813-5818
Author(s):  
Eun-Ji Heo ◽  
Sang Yeob Park ◽  
Hye-In Kim ◽  
Ji-Hun Sung ◽  
Hyeok Jin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Water Soluble

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of a stabilizer and matrix former in the development of a celecoxib dried nanosuspension (DNS) for high dissolution rate and drug loading. Tween 80 and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) were used as stabilizers in the bead-milling process and dextrin was used as the matrix former in the spray-drying. Various nanosuspensions (NS) were prepared by varying the ratio of HPMC and dextrin, and the physicochemical properties of each formulation were evaluated for particle size, morphology, drug loading, crystallinity, redispersibility, physical stability and dissolution rate. HPMC efficiently stabilized the NS system and reduced the particle size of NS. The mean particle size of the NS with 0.5% HPMC (w/v) was the smallest (248 nm) of all formulations. Dextrin has been shown to inhibit the increase of particle size efficiently, which is known to occur frequently when NS is being solidified. As the dextrin increased in DNS, the dissolution rates of reconstituted NS were significantly improved. However, it was confirmed that more than the necessary amount of dextrin in DNS reduced the dissolution and drug loading. The dissolution of celecoxib in DNS prepared at the ratio (drug:dextrin, 1:2.5) was almost the highest. The dissolution of optimal formulation was 95.8% at 120 min, which was 2.0-fold higher than that of NS dried without dextrin. In conclusion, these results suggest that the formulation based on Tween 80, HPMC and dextrin may be an effective option for DNS to enhance its in vitro dissolution and in vivo oral absorption.

scholarly journals Development, Characterization, and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hydrochlorothiazide Loaded Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankajkumar S. Yadav ◽  
Ekta Yadav ◽  
Amita Verma ◽  
Saima Amin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Capmul Mcm

The objective of the current work was to develop optimized self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) and evaluate theirin vitroandin vivoperformance. The research comprised various studies which includes solubility studies in various vehicles, pseudoternary phase diagram construction, and preparation and characterization of SNEDDS along within vitrodissolution andin vivopharmacodynamic profiling. Based on dissolution profile, a remarkable increase in rate of dissolution was observed in comparison with plain drug and marketed formulation. Optimized SNEDDS formulation was composed of Capmul MCM (19.17% w/w), Tween 80 (57.5% w/w), Transcutol P (12.7% w/w), and HCT (4.17% w/w).In vivopharmacodynamic evaluation in Wistar rats showed considerable increase in pharmacological effect of HCT by SNEDDS formulation as compared with plain HCT.

scholarly journals Nanosuspension: An Emerging Trend for Bioavailability Enhancement of Etodolac

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar A. Afifi ◽  
Maha A. Hassan ◽  
Ali S. Abdelhameed ◽  
Kadria A. Elkhodairy
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Bioavailability Enhancement ◽  
Shift Method ◽  
Ph Shift ◽  
Drug Nanoparticles

Etodolac (ET) (poorly soluble drug) nanosuspensions were prepared by both pH shift method and antisolvent techniques in order to increase its dissolution rate. Various stabilizers were used, namely, Tween 20 and 80, HPMC, PVP K44, PVA, PEG 400, NaCMC, andβ-cyclodextrin. The prepared nanosuspensions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and evaluated for their particle size, particle size distribution, andin vitrodissolution rate. In general, it was found that the antisolvent method for the preparation of ET nanosuspensions reduced the drug particle size to a higher extent compared to the pH shift method. The dissolution rate of ET in distilled water was markedly enhanced in the nanosized system, as more than 65% of drug dissolved in 10 min from all the nanosuspension formulations except F5 (stabilized with PVP K44) and F8 (stabilized with Tween 20), as compared to less than 20% of crude drug. Nanoparticles prepared by antisolvent method using Tween 80 as a stabilizer were selected for furtherin vivostudy. Thein vivotest demonstrated that nanoparticles of ET were well absorbed with a percentage drug absorption value 2.7 times more than that of micrometric size of crude ET.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Microfluidic-Jet Spray Drying, Two-Fluid Nozzle Spray Drying, and Freeze-Drying for Co-Encapsulating β-Carotene, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Fish Oil

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1522
Author(s):  
Yongchao Zhu ◽  
Yaoyao Peng ◽  
Jingyuan Wen ◽  
Siew Young Quek
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Two Fluid ◽  
Β Carotene

Various microencapsulation techniques can result in significant differences in the properties of dried microcapsules. Microencapsulation is an effective approach to improve fish oil properties, including oxidisability and unpleasant flavour. In this study, β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and fish oil were co-encapsulated by microfluidic-jet spray drying (MFJSD), two-fluid nozzle spray drying (SD), and freeze-drying (FD), respectively. The aim of the current study is to understand the effect of different drying techniques on microcapsule properties. Whey protein isolate (WPI) and octenylsuccinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch were used as wall matrices in this study for encapsulating carotenoids and fish oil due to their strong emulsifying properties. Results showed the MFJSD microcapsules presented uniform particle size and regular morphological characteristics, while the SD and FD microcapsules presented a large distribution of particle size and irregular morphological characteristics. Compared to the SD and FD microcapsules, the MFJSD microcapsules possessed higher microencapsulation efficiency (94.0–95.1%), higher tapped density (0.373–0.652 g/cm3), and higher flowability (the Carr index of 16.0–30.0%). After a 4-week storage, the SD microcapsules showed the lower retention of carotenoids, as well as ω-3 LC-PUFAs than the FD and MFJSD microcapsules. After in vitro digestion trial, the differences in the digestion behaviours of the microcapsules mainly resulted from the different wall materials, but independent of drying methods. This study has provided an alternative way of delivering visual-beneficial compounds via a novel drying method, which is fundamentally essential in both areas of microencapsulation application and functional food development.

Gastroretentive Floating-Bioadhesive Drug Delivery System for Rebamipide: Design, In vitro and In vivo Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4534-4543
Author(s):  
Ramarao Ajmeera ◽  
Rajesh Gollapudi
Keyword(s):  
Immediate Release ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Significant Difference

Rebamipide is an amino acid analog of 2-(1H)-quinolinone used in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Here we sought to formulate and evaluate gastroretentive floating-bioadhesive tablets of rebamipide to increase the gastric residence time and further compare their pharmacokinetics with conventional immediate release tablets. Floating-bioadhesive tablets of rebamipide were prepared with combination of Polyox WSR 303 and CP 971P/HPMC K4M and Sodium CMC by direct compression method. The prepared formulations were evaluated for hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, drug content, in vitro buoyancy and drug release. The optimized formulation (RBF12) floated with a lag time of 28.3 ± 3.2 sec, duration of floating 12 h and released about 99.91 ± 1.84% of drug in 12 h, and then followed non-Fickian diffusion release mechanism with n value of 0.635. The RBF12 tablets with BaSO4 remained in stomach for 5.13 ± 0.64 h (n=3) in radiological studies. The formulation, RBF12 exhibited maximum bioadhesive strength (1.346 ± 0.110 N) than other formulations. The bioavailability studies were carried out for the optimized formulation (RBF12) and compared with that of reference IR tablets “Rebagen” in nine healthy human volunteers. Based on in vivo performance significant difference was observed between Cmax, tmax, t1/2, AUC0–∞, and MRT of RBF12 and IR tablets. The increase in relative bioavailability of RBF12 was 1.7-fold when compared to reference IR tablets. The increased relative oral bioavailability may be due to the floating-bioadhesive mechanism of dosage form, which is desirable for drugs absorbed from the upper part of gastrointestinal tract.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document