scholarly journals Cytotoxicity Testing of Temporary Luting Cements with Two- and Three-Dimensional Cultures of Bovine Dental Pulp-Derived Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayriye Esra Ülker ◽  
Mustafa Ülker ◽  
Hasan Önder Gümüş ◽  
Muhammet Yalçın ◽  
Abdulkadir Şengün
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Luting Cements ◽  
Cytotoxicity Testing ◽  
Barrier Test ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies ◽  
Dentin Barrier Test

This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of eugenol-containing and eugenol-free temporary luting cements. For cytotoxicity testing, bovine pulp-derived cells transfected with Simian virus 40 Large T antigen were exposed to extracts of eugenol-containing (Rely X Temp E) and eugenol-free (Provicol, PreVISION CEM, and Rely X Temp NE) temporary luting cements for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of the same materials was also evaluated in a dentin barrier test device using three-dimensional cell cultures of bovine pulp-derived cells. The results of the cytotoxicity studies with two-dimensional cultures of bovine dental pulp-derived cells revealed that cell survival with the extracts of Rely X Temp E, Provicol, PreVISION CEM, and Rely X Temp NE was 89.1%, 84.9%, 92.3%, and 66.8%, respectively. Rely X Temp NE and Provicol showed cytotoxic effects on bovine dental pulp-derived cells (P<0.05). The results of the dentin barrier test revealed that cell survival with the above-mentioned temporary cement was 101.5%, 91.9%, 93.5%, and 90.6%, respectively. None of the temporary luting cements significantly reduced cell survival compared with the negative control in the dentin barrier test (P>0.05). Biologically active materials released from temporary luting cements may not influence the dentine-pulp complex if the residual dentine layer is at least 0.5 mm thick.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Self Adhesive Composite Resin Cements by Dentin Barrier Test on 3D Pulp Cellss

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayriye Esra Ulker ◽  
Abdulkadir Sengun
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Pulp Cell ◽  
Perfusion Chamber ◽  
Barrier Test ◽  
Dentin Barrier Test

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of five self-etch dental composite resin cements on the cell viability of bovine dental papilla-derived cells.Methods: The cytotoxicity of composite resin cements (Rely X Unicem Clicker, 3M ESPE; MaxCem; KERR, PanaviaF 2.0; Kuraray, BisCem; Bisco and Bistite II DC; Tokuyama) was analyzed in a dentin barrier test device using three-dimensional (3D) pulp cell cultures. A commercially available cell culture perfusion chamber was separated into two compartments by 500 im dentin disc. The three dimensional cultures placed on a dentin disk held in place by a special biocompatible stainless-steel holder. Test materials were introduced into the upper compartment in direct contact with the cavity side of the dentin disks according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Subsequently, the pulpal part of the perfusion chamber containing the cell cultures was perfused with medium (2 ml/h). After an exposure period of 24 h, the cell survival was determined by the MTT assay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U-test.Results: In dentin barrier test, cell survival was similar with Maxcem and negative control group (P>.05), and all other tested materials were cytotoxic for the three dimensional cell cultures (P>.05).Conclusions: The significance of composite resin cements is being more important in dentistry. The cytotoxic potencies demonstrated by these materials might be of clinical relevance. Some composite resin cements include biologically active ingredients and may modify pulp cell metabolism when the materials are used in deep cavities or directly contact pulp tissue. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:120-126)

Evaluation of a dentin barrier test by cytotoxicity testing of various dental cements

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gottfried Schmalz ◽  
Helmut Schweikl ◽  
Jacqueline Esch ◽  
Karl-Anton Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxicity Testing ◽  
Barrier Test ◽  
Dentin Barrier Test

Characterization of photosystem II with the atomic-force microscope

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1146-1147
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Marr ◽  
Mary K. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Image Averaging ◽  
Oxygen Evolving ◽  
Averaging Techniques

Photosystem II (PSII) is different from all other reaction centers in that it splits water to evolve oxygen and hydrogen ions. This unique ability to evolve oxygen is partly due to three oxygen evolving polypeptides (OEPs) associated with the PSII complex. Freeze etching on grana derived insideout membranes revealed that the OEPs contribute to the observed tetrameric nature of the PSIl particle; when the OEPs are removed, a distinct dimer emerges. Thus, the surface of the PSII complex changes dramatically upon removal of these polypeptides. The atomic force microscope (AFM) is ideal for examining surface topography. The instrument provides a topographical view of individual PSII complexes, giving relatively high resolution three-dimensional information without image averaging techniques. In addition, the use of a fluid cell allows a biologically active sample to be maintained under fully hydrated and physiologically buffered conditions. The OEPs associated with PSII may be sequentially removed, thereby changing the surface of the complex by one polypeptide at a time.

An Update on Recent Advances in Cubosome: A Novel Drug Delivery System

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhukar Garg ◽  
Anju Goyal ◽  
Sapna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Novel Drug

: Cubosomes are highly stable nanostructured liquid crystalline dosage delivery form derived from amphiphilic lipids and polymer-based stabilizers converting it in a form of effective biocompatible carrier for the drug delivery. The delivery form comprised of bicontinuous lipid bilayers arranged in three dimensional honeycombs like structure provided with two internal aqueous channels for incorporation of number of biologically active ingredients. In contrast liposomes they provide large surface area for incorporation of different types of ingredients. Due to the distinct advantages of biocompatibility and thermodynamic stability, cubosomes have remained the first preference as method of choice in the sustained release, controlled release and targeted release dosage forms as new drug delivery system for the better release of the drugs. As lot of advancement in the new form of dosage form has bring the novel avenues in drug delivery mechanisms so it was matter of worth to compile the latest updates on the various aspects of mentioned therapeutic delivery system including its structure, routes of applications along with the potential applications to encapsulate variety drugs to serve health related benefits.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity of glass ionomer cements by dentin barrier test

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. e39
Author(s):  
A. Sengun ◽  
H.E. Botsalı ◽  
M. Yalcın ◽  
F. Ozer ◽  
S.T. Tasdemır ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Barrier Test ◽  
Dentin Barrier Test

scholarly journals Designed and biologically active protein lattices

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ting Wang ◽  
Brian Minevich ◽  
Jianfang Liu ◽  
Honghu Zhang ◽  
Dmytro Nykypanchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Active Protein ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Protein Arrays ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Framework Design ◽  
2D And 3D

AbstractVersatile methods to organize proteins in space are required to enable complex biomaterials, engineered biomolecular scaffolds, cell-free biology, and hybrid nanoscale systems. Here, we demonstrate how the tailored encapsulation of proteins in DNA-based voxels can be combined with programmable assembly that directs these voxels into biologically functional protein arrays with prescribed and ordered two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) organizations. We apply the presented concept to ferritin, an iron storage protein, and its iron-free analog, apoferritin, in order to form single-layers, double-layers, as well as several types of 3D protein lattices. Our study demonstrates that internal voxel design and inter-voxel encoding can be effectively employed to create protein lattices with designed organization, as confirmed by in situ X-ray scattering and cryo-electron microscopy 3D imaging. The assembled protein arrays maintain structural stability and biological activity in environments relevant for protein functionality. The framework design of the arrays then allows small molecules to access the ferritins and their iron cores and convert them into apoferritin arrays through the release of iron ions. The presented study introduces a platform approach for creating bio-active protein-containing ordered nanomaterials with desired 2D and 3D organizations.

scholarly journals Pyrrolidine in Drug Discovery: A Versatile Scaffold for Novel Biologically Active Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Li Petri ◽  
Maria Valeria Raimondi ◽  
Virginia Spanò ◽  
Ralph Holl ◽  
Paola Barraja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Pyrrolidine Ring ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Steric Factors ◽  
Proline Derivatives

AbstractThe five-membered pyrrolidine ring is one of the nitrogen heterocycles used widely by medicinal chemists to obtain compounds for the treatment of human diseases. The great interest in this saturated scaffold is enhanced by (1) the possibility to efficiently explore the pharmacophore space due to sp3-hybridization, (2) the contribution to the stereochemistry of the molecule, (3) and the increased three-dimensional (3D) coverage due to the non-planarity of the ring—a phenomenon called “pseudorotation”. In this review, we report bioactive molecules with target selectivity characterized by the pyrrolidine ring and its derivatives, including pyrrolizines, pyrrolidine-2-one, pyrrolidine-2,5-diones and prolinol described in the literature from 2015 to date. After a comparison of the physicochemical parameters of pyrrolidine with the parent aromatic pyrrole and cyclopentane, we investigate the influence of steric factors on biological activity, also describing the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the studied compounds. To aid the reader’s approach to reading the manuscript, we have planned the review on the basis of the synthetic strategies used: (1) ring construction from different cyclic or acyclic precursors, reporting the synthesis and the reaction conditions, or (2) functionalization of preformed pyrrolidine rings, e.g., proline derivatives. Since one of the most significant features of the pyrrolidine ring is the stereogenicity of carbons, we highlight how the different stereoisomers and the spatial orientation of substituents can lead to a different biological profile of drug candidates, due to the different binding mode to enantioselective proteins. We believe that this work can guide medicinal chemists to the best approach in the design of new pyrrolidine compounds with different biological profiles.

Three-dimensional bone formation including vascular networks derived from dental pulp stem cells in vitro

Human Cell ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Miho Watanabe ◽  
Akihiro Ohyama ◽  
Hiroshi Ishikawa ◽  
Akira Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Networks

scholarly journals A helminth chitinase structurally similar to mammalian chitinase displays immunomodulatory properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Ebner ◽  
Katja Balster ◽  
Katharina Janek ◽  
Agathe Niewienda ◽  
Piotr H. Malecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Allergic Airway Disease ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Trichuris Suis ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

AbstractPreviously, we reported significant immunomodulatory effects of the entire excretory-secretory (ES) proteins of the first larval stage (L1) of the gastrointestinal nematodeTrichuris suisin a rodent model of allergic hyperreactivity. In the present study, we aimed to identify the proteins accounting for the modulatory effects of theT. suisL1 ES proteins and thus studied selected components for their immunomodulatory efficacy in an OVA-induced allergic airway disease model. In particular, an enzymatically activeT. suischitinase mediated amelioration of airway hyperreactivity, primarily associated with suppression of eosinophil recruitment into the lung. The three-dimensional structure of theT. suischitinase as determined by high-resolution X-ray crystallography revealed significant similarities to mouse acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase). In addition, the unique ability ofT. suischitinase to form dimers, as well as acidic surface patches within the dimerization region may contribute to the formation of cross-reactive antibodies to the mouse homologs. This hypothesis is supported by the observation thatT. suischitinase treatment induced cross-reactive antibodies to mouse AMCase and chitinase-like protein BRP-39 in the AHR model. In conclusion, a biologically activeT. suischitinase exhibits immunomodulatory properties despite its structural similarity to the mammalian counterpart.Author summaryExperimental immunotherapy via reintroduction of intestinal worms to treat and prevent autoimmune, chronic inflammatory or allergic diseases is being discussed but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory potential of specific proteins of the whipwormTrichuris suisthat are secreted very early during larval development. Using a murine model of allergic lung disease, we show that in particular oneT. suisprotein, functionally characterized as an active chitinase, is reducing the lung inflammation. TheT. suischitinases three-dimensional protein structure revealed remarkable similarities to the hosts’ chitinase, an enzyme known to play a pivotal role in lung allergy. We also show that treatment with the helminth chitinase induced cross-reactive antibody responses against murine chitinase and chitinase-like proteins, both being inflammatory marker and regulators of type 2 immunity. Thus, our study provides a novel mechanism of immunomodulation by helminth components and may contribute to a better understanding of clinical responses of patients receiving helminthic therapy.

Supramolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns in the organic–inorganic hybrid compound bis(4-amino-5-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidinium) tetrathiocyanatozinc(II)–4-amino-5-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine–water (1/2/2)

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammasai Karthikeyan ◽  
Matthias Zeller ◽  
Packianathan Thomas Muthiah
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hybrid Compound ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Thiocyanate Complexes ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Distorted Tetrahedral Coordination

Zinc thiocyanate complexes have been found to be biologically active compounds. Zinc is also an essential element for the normal function of most organisms and is the main constituent in a number of metalloenzyme proteins. Pyrimidine and aminopyrimidine derivatives are biologically very important as they are components of nucleic acids. Thiocyanate ions can bridge metal ions by employing both their N and S atoms for coordination. They can play an important role in assembling different coordination structures and yield an interesting variety of one-, two- and three-dimensional polymeric metal–thiocyanate supramolecular frameworks. The structure of a new zinc thiocyanate–aminopyrimidine organic–inorganic compound, (C6H9ClN3)2[Zn(NCS)4]·2C6H8ClN3·2H2O, is reported. The asymmetric unit consist of half a tetrathiocyanatozinc(II) dianion, an uncoordinated 4-amino-5-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidinium cation, a 4-amino-5-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine molecule and a water molecule. The ZnIIatom adopts a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry and is coordinated by four N atoms from the thiocyanate anions. The ZnIIatom is located on a special position (twofold axis of symmetry). The pyrimidinium cation and the pyrimidine molecule are not coordinated to the ZnIIatom, but are hydrogen bonded to the uncoordinated water molecules and the metal-coordinated thiocyanate ligands. The pyrimidine molecules and pyrimidinium cations also form base-pair-like structures with anR22(8) ring motifviaN—H...N hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is further stabilized by intermolecular N—H...O, O—H...S, N—H...S and O—H...N hydrogen bonds, by intramolecular N—H...Cl and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds, and also by π–π stacking interactions.

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