scholarly journals Verbal Comprehension Ability in Aphasia: Demographic and Lexical Knowledge Effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis G. Simos ◽  
Dimitrios Kasselimis ◽  
Constantin Potagas ◽  
Ioannis Evdokimidis
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
Complex Motor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Differential Ability

Background. Assessment of sentence-level auditory comprehension can be performed with a variety of tests varying in response requirements. A brief and easy to administer measure, not requiring an overt verbal or a complex motor response, is essential in any test battery for aphasia.Objective. The present study examines the clinical utility of receptive language indices for individuals with aphasia based on the Comprehension of Instructions in Greek (CIG), a variant of the Token Test, and the Greek version of PPVT-R.Methods. Normative data from a large community sample of Greek adults aged 46–80 years was available on both measures. A word-level-independent measure of auditory comprehension was computed as the standard score difference between the two tests and used to compare patients with and without comprehension deficits as indicated by their Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination profile.Results and Conclusions. Indices of internal consistency and test-retest reliability were very good. Education and age effects on performance were significant, with the former being stronger. The potential clinical utility of differential ability indices (contrasting sentence- and word-level auditory comprehension tests) is discussed.

Deaf and Hard-of-hearing Users Evaluating Designs for Highlighting Key Words in Educational Lecture Videos

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sushant Kafle ◽  
Becca Dingman ◽  
Matt Huenerfauth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Educational Videos

There are style guidelines for authors who highlight important words in static text, e.g., bolded words in student textbooks, yet little research has investigated highlighting in dynamic texts, e.g., captions during educational videos for Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH) users. In our experimental study, DHH participants subjectively compared design parameters for caption highlighting, including: decoration (underlining vs. italicizing vs. boldfacing), granularity (sentence level vs. word level), and whether to highlight only the first occurrence of a repeating keyword. In partial contrast to recommendations in prior research, which had not been based on experimental studies with DHH users, we found that DHH participants preferred boldface, word-level highlighting in captions. Our empirical results provide guidance for the design of keyword highlighting during captioned videos for DHH users, especially in educational video genres.

Perceived Causal Problem Networks: Reliability, Central Problems, and Clinical Utility for Depression

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110392
Author(s):  
Lars Klintwall ◽  
Martin Bellander ◽  
Matti Cervin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Causal Networks ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Personalized case conceptualization is often regarded as a prerequisite for treatment success in psychotherapy for patients with comorbidity. This article presents Perceived Causal Networks, a novel method in which patients rate perceived causal relations among behavioral and emotional problems. First, 231 respondents screening positive for depression completed an online Perceived Causal Networks questionnaire. Median completion time (including repeat items to assess immediate test–retest reliability) was 22.7 minutes, and centrality measures showed excellent immediate test–retest reliability. Networks were highly idiosyncratic, but worrying and ruminating were the most central items for a third of respondents. Second, 50 psychotherapists rated the clinical utility of Perceived Causal Networks visualizations. Ninety-six percent rated the networks as clinically useful, and the information in the individual visualizations was judged to contain 47% of the information typically collected during a psychotherapy assessment phase. Future studies should individualize networks further and evaluate the validity of perceived causal relations.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of gross motor assessment tools for children: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e021734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Griffiths ◽  
Rachel Toovey ◽  
Prue E Morgan ◽  
Alicia J Spittle
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Motor Assessment ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

ObjectiveGross motor assessment tools have a critical role in identifying, diagnosing and evaluating motor difficulties in childhood. The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of gross motor assessment tools for children aged 2–12 years.MethodA systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and AMED was performed between May and July 2017. Methodological quality was assessed with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist and an outcome measures rating form was used to evaluate reliability, validity and clinical utility of assessment tools.ResultsSeven assessment tools from 37 studies/manuals met the inclusion criteria: Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development-III (Bayley-III), Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2), Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2), McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND), Neurological Sensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA), Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2) and Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Methodological quality varied from poor to excellent. Validity and internal consistency varied from fair to excellent (α=0.5–0.99). The Bayley-III, NSMDA and MABC-2 have evidence of predictive validity. Test–retest reliability is excellent in the BOT-2 (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.80–0.99), PDMS-2 (ICC=0.97), MABC-2 (ICC=0.83–0.96) and TGMD-2 (ICC=0.81–0.92). TGMD-2 has the highest inter-rater (ICC=0.88–0.93) and intrarater reliability (ICC=0.92–0.99).ConclusionsThe majority of gross motor assessments for children have good-excellent validity. Test–retest reliability is highest in the BOT-2, MABC-2, PDMS-2 and TGMD-2. The Bayley-III has the best predictive validity at 2 years of age for later motor outcome. None of the assessment tools demonstrate good evaluative validity. Further research on evaluative gross motor assessment tools are urgently needed.

scholarly journals ShareDisk: A novel visual tool to assess perceptions about who should be responsible for supporting persons with mental health problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-418
Author(s):  
Srividya N Iyer ◽  
Megan A Pope ◽  
Gerald Jordan ◽  
Greeshma Mohan ◽  
Heleen Loohuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Visual Tool ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
High Test

Objectives: Views on who bears how much responsibility for supporting individuals with mental health problems may vary across stakeholders (patients, families, clinicians) and cultures. Perceptions about responsibility may influence the extent to which stakeholders get involved in treatment. Our objective was to report on the development, psychometric properties and usability of a first-ever tool of this construct. Methods: We created a visual weighting disk called ‘ShareDisk’, measuring perceived extent of responsibility for supporting persons with mental health problems. It was administered (twice, 2 weeks apart) to patients, family members and clinicians in Chennai, India ( N = 30, 30 and 15, respectively) and Montreal, Canada ( N = 30, 32 and 15, respectively). Feedback regarding its usability was also collected. Results: The English, French and Tamil versions of the ShareDisk demonstrated high test–retest reliability ( rs = .69–.98) and were deemed easy to understand and use. Conclusion: The ShareDisk is a promising measure of a hitherto unmeasured construct that is easily deployable in settings varying in language and literacy levels. Its clinical utility lies in clarifying stakeholder roles. It can help researchers investigate how stakeholders’ roles are perceived and how these perceptions may be shaped by and shape the organization and experience of healthcare across settings.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Short Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version in a community sample of Spanish children and adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Marina Iniesta-Sepúlveda ◽  
Ana I. Rosa-Alcázar ◽  
Beatriz Ruiz-García ◽  
Jose A. López-Pina
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The aim of the current study was to analyze psychometric properties of the Short LOI-CV in Spanish community sample. Participants were 914 children and adolescents with mean age of 13.01 years (51.3% males). An EFA yielded a three-factor model representing Obsessions, Compulsions, and Cleanliness dimensions. Both, total score and subscales showed an adequate internal consistency. The Spanish version also exhibited good test-retest reliability and moderate convergent and discriminant validity. The younger participants (from 8 to 10 years) obtained higher means for total score and subscales than older participants (groups 11-13 and 14-18 years). Significant differences related to gender were also observed since males obtained higher means in Compulsions subscale. Despite more research is required, the Spanish version of the Short LOI-CV exhibited promising psychometric results to assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in community population.

scholarly journals Understanding Syntactic and Semantic Errors in the Composition Writing of Jordanian EFL Learners

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yazan Shaker Almahameed ◽  
May Al-Shaikhli
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Semantic Errors ◽  
Verb Tense

The current study aimed at investigating the salient syntactic and semantic errors made by Jordanian English foreign language learners as writing in English. Writing poses a great challenge for both native and non-native speakers of English, since writing involves employing most language sub-systems such as grammar, vocabulary, spelling and punctuation. A total of 30 Jordanian English foreign language learners participated in the study. The participants were instructed to write a composition of no more than one hundred and fifty words on a selected topic. Essays were collected and analyzed statistically to obtain the needed results. The results of the study displayed that syntactic errors produced by the participants were varied, in that eleven types of syntactic errors were committed as follows; verb-tense, agreement, auxiliary, conjunctions, word order, resumptive pronouns, null-subject, double-subject, superlative, comparative and possessive pronouns. Amongst syntactic errors, verb tense errors were the most frequent with 33%. The results additionally revealed that two types of semantic errors were made; errors at sentence level and errors at word level. Errors at word level outstripped by far errors at sentence level, scoring respectively 82% and 18%. It can be concluded that the syntactic and semantic knowledge of Jordanian learners of English is still insufficient.

scholarly journals Product reputation mining: bring informative review summaries to producers and consumers

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-380
Author(s):  
Zhehua Piao ◽  
Sang-Min Park ◽  
Byung-Won On ◽  
Gyu Choi ◽  
Myong-Soon Park
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Sentiment Orientation ◽  
Level Method ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Graph Based Model

Product reputation mining systems can help customers make their buying decision about a product of interest. In addition, it will be helpful to investigate the preferences of recently released products made by enterprises. Unlike the conventional manual survey, it will give us quick survey results on a low cost budget. In this article, we propose a novel product reputation mining approach based on three dimensional points of view that are word, sentence, and aspect?levels. Given a target product, the aspect?level method assigns the sentences of a review document to the desired aspects. The sentence?level method is a graph-based model for quantifying the importance of sentences. The word?level method computes both importance and sentiment orientation of words. Aggregating these scores, the proposed approach measures the reputation tendency and preferred intensity and selects top-k informative review documents about the product. To validate the proposed method, we experimented with review documents relevant with K5 in Kia motors. Our experimental results show that our method is more helpful than the existing lexicon?based approach in the empirical and statistical studies.

The synergy of double attention: Combine sentence-level and word-level attention for image captioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 103068
Author(s):  
Haiyang Wei ◽  
Zhixin Li ◽  
Canlong Zhang ◽  
Huifang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Image Captioning ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level

scholarly journals Pushing the Limits of Translation Quality Estimation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
André F. T. Martins ◽  
Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt ◽  
Fabio N. Kepler ◽  
Ramón Astudillo ◽  
Chris Hokamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Estimation System

Translation quality estimation is a task of growing importance in NLP, due to its potential to reduce post-editing human effort in disruptive ways. However, this potential is currently limited by the relatively low accuracy of existing systems. In this paper, we achieve remarkable improvements by exploiting synergies between the related tasks of word-level quality estimation and automatic post-editing. First, we stack a new, carefully engineered, neural model into a rich feature-based word-level quality estimation system. Then, we use the output of an automatic post-editing system as an extra feature, obtaining striking results on WMT16: a word-level FMULT1 score of 57.47% (an absolute gain of +7.95% over the current state of the art), and a Pearson correlation score of 65.56% for sentence-level HTER prediction (an absolute gain of +13.36%).

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