scholarly journals Bioactive Micronutrients in Coffee: Recent Analytical Approaches for Characterization and Quantification

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmumin A. Nuhu
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Production of coffee beans is an important lifeline for the economy of several countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The brew from this well sought for cash crop is readily consumed due to its good sensory qualities owing to the presence of many micronutrients. Some of these chemical compounds possess biological activities, including antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. Four representative groups of these micronutrients, namely, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, diterpenes, and trigonelline, play key roles in these bioactive effects of coffee. In order to guarantee the quality of coffee products and to protect consumer interest and safeguard their well-being, it is extremely important to employ sensitive and accurate analytical methods in the characterization and quantitative determination of these bioactive constituents. This review aims to present recent applications in this regard.

Production of Antibodies to Citrus Tristeza Virus in Transgenic Citrus

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lee ◽  
Moshe Bar-Joseph ◽  
K.S. Derrick ◽  
Aliza Vardi ◽  
Roland Brlansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Tristeza Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Single Domain Antibodies ◽  
Tristeza Virus ◽  
Stem Pitting ◽  
Citrus Tristeza

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the most important virus disease of citrus in the world. CTV causes death of trees on sour orange rootstock and/or stem pitting of scions regardless of rootstock which results in trees of low vigor, reduced yield with reduction in size and quality of fruit. The purpose of this project was to produce monoclonal antibodies (MABs) to CTV coat protein (CP), develop single domain antibodies (dAbs) or Fab fragments which neutralize the infection by binding to the virus, and to produce transformed plants which express the dAbs. The objectives of this research have been met and putative transgenic tobacco and citrus plants have been developed. These putative transgenic plants are presently undergoing evaluation to determine the level of dAbs expression and to determine their resistance to CTV. Additionally, the CTV genome has been sequenced and the CP gene of several biologically characterized CTV strains molecular characterized. This has indicated a correlation between CP sequence homology and biological activity, and the finding of DI RNAs associated with some CTV strains. Several MABs have been produced which enable broad spectrum identification of CTV strains while other MABs enable differentiation between mild and severe strains. The use of selected MAbs and determination of the CP gene sequence has enabled predictions of biological activities of unknown CTV isolates. The epitopes of two MABs, one reacting selectively with severe CTV strains and the other reacting with all strains, have been characterized at the molecular level.

scholarly journals Chemical compounds and sensory characteristics of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) as a novel specialty coffee from Sinjai Regency, Indonesia

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
A. Assa ◽  
J.E. Loppies ◽  
A.N. Amalia ◽  
D. Indriana ◽  
Mamang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Specialty Coffee

Specialty coffee is generally found in areas with an altitude around 1000 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.) and is known to have a different distinctive flavor. One of the coffee plantations in South Sulawesi that has the potential to upgrade its status as a specialty coffee is the Sinjai regency. The sensory quality and chemical characteristics are the most important component of specialty coffee. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the chemical compounds and sensory quality in Manipi coffee beans in South Sulawesi, which has the potential to be classified as specialty coffee. The coffee cherries were collected from two locations based on different altitudes namely MA1 = 1200 m a.s.l. and MA2 = 1400 m a.s.l. The coffee cherries directly processed the wet method referring to Enrekang Arabica as a reference sample EA1 = 1200 m a.s.l. and EA2 = 1400 m a.s.l. The results showed that the chemical content and quality of sensory in Manipi Arabica coffee beans were affected by altitude. MA2 had the highest protein content (13.26%), lipid (7.67%), and caffeine (1.42%), whereas green arabica coffee beans with the highest carbohydrate content was MA1 (23.38%). The Enrekang Arabica were similar in terms of Manipi Arabica coffee beans had the highest protein, lipid, and caffeine content at an altitude of 1400 m a.s.l. respectively (12.41%), (10.73%), and (1.32%). The sensory quality of MA1 is 85.75, relatively similar to MA2 is 85.25. The Manipi Arabica coffee beans showed a specific flavor, namely brown sugar and vanilla notes from both altitudes. It had the potential to be developed into specialty coffee with a cup test score > 80.

scholarly journals Analysis of saline land and determination of the level of salinity of irrigated lands with use of the geographic information system technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Ilkhom Begmatov ◽  
Bakhtiyar Matyakubov ◽  
Doniyor Akhmatov ◽  
Mukhayo Pulatova
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Depth Level ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Irrigated Lands

In Uzbekistan, more than half of population lives in rural area, their well-being depends on quality of land and water resources availability. Quality of land is determined by ameliorative indicators: ground water depth level, ground water salt amount and salinity of soil. These factors do not appear naturally but rather due to the human activity. Inefficient irrigation and excessive consumption of irrigation water on irrigated land in Boyavut District of Syrdarya region of Uzbekistan within several decades have led to a salinization of soil. The primary objective of this article is determination of the level of salinity of soil for modelling spatial distribution of soil salinity throughout an irrigated land by using GIS technology. This technology is focused on automation of development and creation of ameliorative maps, while totally eliminating manual operations. Nowadays, ameliorative expedition specialists still create cadastral map using tracing paper over the marginal areas within irrigated lands based on their ameliorative conditions and by selecting from the three thematic maps and then selecting the poorest conditions of ameliorative indicators. The suggested technology is designed for professionals of cadastral subdivisions of regional ameliorative expeditions, who use the GIS-based software, such as ArcView 3.2. or ArcGIS 10x; their duties include creating of thematic maps based on salinity levels of irrigated lands. Exact coordinates of collection sites of soils samples (collected in 2018-2019) were determined using GPS. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method was applied to use that data to create ameliorative maps categorized by the salinity levels (non-saline, slightly saline, saline area and highly saline areas). Those maps were then analysed to develop procedures on how to improve ameliorative conditions of irrigated areas.

scholarly journals A “Green” Homogenate Extraction Coupled with UHPLC-MS for the Rapid Determination of Diterpenoids in Croton Crassifolius

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Jin-Long Tian ◽  
Chi Shu ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Hui-Jun Cui ◽  
Xu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Homogenate Extraction ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids

Clerodane diterpenoids are the main bioactive constituents of Croton crassifolius and are proved to have multiple biological activities. However, quality control (QC) research on the constituents are rare. Thus, the major research purpose of the current study was to establish an efficient homogenate extraction (HGE) process combined with a sensitive and specific ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) technique together for the rapid extraction and determination of clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.9943) within the test ranges and the intra- and inter-day precisions and repeatability were all within required limits. This modified HGE–UHPLC–MS method only took 5 min to extract nine clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius and another 12 min to quantify these components. The results indicated that the quantitative analysis based on UHPLC–MS was a feasible method for QC of clerodane diterpenoids in C. crassifolius, and the findings outlined in the current study also inferred the potential of the method in the QC of clerodane diterpenoids in other complex species of plants.

scholarly journals Determination of physical and chemical quality of coffee beans under improved potassium fertilization managements

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Diulie Talita Moreira ◽  
Estêvão Vicari Mellis ◽  
Gerson Silva Giomo ◽  
Luiz Antonio Junqueira Teixeira ◽  
Edilson Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Older Adults: Evidence from Mexico and Ecuador

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Paola Pacheco ◽  
Rafael Pérez ◽  
David Coello-Montecel ◽  
Nancy Pamela Castro Zazueta
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perception Of Quality

Older adults are a growing population group in Latin America, hence the importance of deepening studies, proposals, and policies to guarantee their well-being. This article analyzes the perception of quality of life in older adults from Mexico and Ecuador and its association with several socioeconomic variables. The study design was cross-sectional. The sample comprised 450 older adults, 238 from Mexico and 212 from Ecuador. The WHOQOL-OLD Quality of Life Questionnaire and a set of sociodemographic variables were used. The results showed a higher perception of quality of life in the Mexican sample regarding most of the dimensions, except for sensory skills and social participation. An association was also found between sensory skills and sports practice, as well as between social participation and education level. The study achieves a binational approach to the reality of older adults in Latin America and confirms that there are differences in each sample that are due to the particularities of each reality. This research contributes to deepening the reality of the elderly, especially in Ecuador, where the quality-of-life studies in all age segments must be strengthened.

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation of Wild and Cultivated Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Chen ◽  
Jingjing Shi ◽  
Lisi Zou ◽  
Xunhong Liu ◽  
Renmao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Active Components

Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, also called wuweizi in China, was a widely used folk medicine in China, Korea, and Russia. Due to the limited natural resources and huge demand of wuweizi, people tend to cultivate wuweizi to protect this species. However, the quality of wild and cultivated herbs of the same species may change. Little attention has been paid to comparing wild and cultivated wuweizi based on simultaneous determination of its active components, such as lignans and organic acids. An analytical method based on UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS was used for the simultaneous determination of 15 components, including 11 lignans (schisandrin, gomisin D, gomisin J, schisandrol B, angeloylgomisin H, schizantherin B, schisanhenol, deoxyschizandrin, γ-schisandrin, schizandrin C, and schisantherin) and 4 organic acids (quinic acid, d(−)-tartaric acid, l-(−)-malic acid, and protocatechuic acid) in wuweizi under different ecological environments. Principal components analysis (PCA), partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), independent sample t-test, and gray relational analysis (GRA) have been applied to classify and evaluate samples from different ecological environments according to the content of 15 components. The results showed that the differential compounds (i.e., quinic acid, l-(−)-malic acid, protocatechuic acid, schisandrol B) were significantly related to the classification of wild and cultivated wuweizi. GRA results demonstrated that the quality of cultivated wuweizi was not as good as wild wuweizi. The protocol not just provided a new method for the comprehensive evaluation and quality control of wild and cultivated wuweizi, but paved the way to differentiate them at the chemistry level.

scholarly journals Perspectives in veterinary medicine on the use of cannabinoids as complementary palliative therapy for pain in cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Sampaio Fonseca Repetti ◽  
Raul José Silva Girio ◽  
Milena Friolani ◽  
Sandra Maria Barbalho
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
The Usa

ABSTRACT: Pain in the cancer patient is an important clinical manifestation that results in low life expectancy and poor prognosis. Pain may be related to tumor type, invasion of adjacent tissues, metastasis, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with variable response to analgesic therapy. Many studies have called attention due to their potential therapeutic effect in the modulation of pain and inflammation. Cannabinoid derivatives are chemical compounds obtained from Cannabis that act on specific receptors.Several commercial products have already been approved in Europe and the USA for use in human patients. The present study aimed to review articles on the use of cannabinoids in the control of pain contributing to the well-being and quality of life in cancer patients undergoing palliative care. Although, there are few reports in the veterinary medical literature on the use of cannabinoids in the control of pain in dogs, it is believed that such patients can benefit from this therapeutic modality.

scholarly journals Are Believers Happier than Atheists? Well-Being Measures in a Sample of Atheists and Believers in Puerto Rico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Aníbal González-Rivera ◽  
Adam Rosario-Rodríguez ◽  
Eduardo Rodríguez-Ramos ◽  
Idania Hernández-Gato ◽  
Lourdes Torres-Báez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Psychological Flourishing

Currently, there isn’t much written about the empirical psychological well-being of the atheist community in Puerto Rico and Latin America. The objective of the present study is to analyze if there are statistically significant differences in the levels of life satisfaction and psychological flourishing between believers of God and self-identified atheists. For this purpose, a sample of 821 participants (415 believers and 406 atheists) ranging from the ages of 19 to 85 years were selected. The results sustain that, there is a slight average difference regarding life satisfaction between these groups; however, the difference is not substantial to ensure that believers have a better quality of life and life satisfaction than atheists. At the same time, no statistically significant differences were found in the means of psychological flourishing. Both believers and atheists exhibit high levels of life satisfaction and psychological flourishing. This study provides empirical evidence to demystify certain traditional assumptions about the supremacy of religious beliefs over secular convictions. We hope that these findings create social awareness and could be used as a basis for future researches concerning the population of non-believers.

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation of Ophiopogonis Radix from Two Different Producing Areas

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxia Tan ◽  
Jiali Chen ◽  
Chengcheng Wang ◽  
Lisi Zou ◽  
Shuyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Trap ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Insight Into

Ophiopogonis Radix, also known as Mai-dong in Chinese, was a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and functional health food. Two products of Ophiopogonis Radix are largely produced in the Sichuan and Zhejiang province, which are called “Chuan maidong (CMD)” and “Zhe maidong (ZMD)” respectively. To distinguish and evaluate the quality of CMD and ZMD, an analytical method based on ultra-fast performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established for simultaneous determination of 32 constituents including 4 steroidal saponins, 3 homisoflavonoids, 15 amino acids, and 10 nucleosides in 27 Mai-dong samples from Sichuan and Zhejiang. Furthermore, principal components analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), t-test, and grey relational analysis (GRA) were applied to discriminate and evaluate the samples from Sichuan and Zhejiang based on the contents of 32 constituents. The results demonstrated that the bioactive constituents in CMD and ZMD were significantly different, and CMD performed better in the quality assessment than ZMD. This study not only provides a basic information for differentiating CMD and ZMD, but offers a new insight into comprehensive evaluation and quality control of Ophiopogonis Radix from two different producing areas.

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