Occlusal Characteristics and Spacing in Primary Dentition: A Gender Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Context. Occlusion in primary teeth varies among children of different populations and races. Aim. To assess and compare the occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition among 3–6-year-old Dravidian children. Materials and Methods. The study included 2281 school going children. The primary molar relation, canine relation, overjet, and overbite were assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria. Spacing conditions were registered according to Kisling and Krebs criteria. Results. The flush terminal plane molar relation (80.3%) was the most common primary molar relation. The distal step molar relation was more frequently found in female children (12.8%) than in males (8.6%). Class 1 canine relation was the most prevalent canine relation (81.3%) among males and females. Ideal overjet (84.3%) and overbite (72.7%) were observed among the majority of the children. Spaced type of arches occurred more frequently than closed arches in this sample. The incidence of primate spaces was more in males than in females. Conclusion. The study population has fewer deviations from normal occlusion which indicates decreased tendency for malocclusion in permanent dentition. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary to identify the potential limitations of a clinical approach relying on early orthodontic diagnosis and intervention.

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Prevalence of Malocclusion among School Children of Biratnagar, Nepal

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v11i1.39086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46-48

Author(s):

Nidhi Giri ◽

Anand Acharya ◽

Kanika Yadav

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Class Ii ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Study Population ◽

Medical College ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Study Population

Introduction: Various forms of malocclusion are a matter of serious concern in Nepalese population. This study was carried out to understand the prevalence of malocclusion among the school children of Biratnagar. The objective of this research is to find out the prevalence of malocclusion of children from different schools of Biratnagar visiting the Pedodontics and Orthodontics department of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross sectional study method was used in this research. Data was collected by using direct observation of the subjects and occlusal assessment was done according to Angle’s classification and Dewey’s modification types of class I, class II and class III malocclusion. Result: Subjects with normal occlusion was found to be 39 % and with malocclusion was found to be 61%. Among them, class I malocclusion (60%) and angles class II div I subjects (88.33%) were in majority of the total study population. Conclusion: The present study helps to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and need of orthodontic treatment for the school children of Biratnagar

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Prevalence of malocclusion among school Children of Kathmandu, Nepal

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v9i1.25693 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 59-62

Author(s):

Manju Bajracharya ◽

Sunanda Sundas ◽

Resina Pradhan ◽

Surendra Maharjan

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Class Iii Malocclusion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Population

Introduction: this study was carried to understand Prevalence of malocclusion among the school children of Kathmandu, Sorakhutte residing near school during mixed dentition period. A sample of 600 children ; 365 male, 235 female in age group of 6-13yrs was selected randomly from different school of Kathmandu city. The aim of our study is to find out prevalence of malocclusion among the mixed detention children of Kathmandu. Materials & Method: Data was collected using direct observation of the subjects, Descriptive cross-sectional study method was used in this research. Occlusal assessment were done according to angle’s classification and dewey’s modification type of class I, class III malocclusion. Result: Subjects with normal occlusion was found to be 59.3% and with malocclusion was found to 40.7%. Among them class I malocclusion was majority of (57%) of study population, crowded incisors and significant difference was observed between male and female in the study. Conclusion: This study helps to access the prevalence malocclusion and need of orthodontic treatment for the mixed dentition period children.

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Occlusal characteristics including spacing among preschool children: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v9i4.26896 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Megha Pradhan ◽

Shweta Dhital ◽

Srijana Dahal ◽

Ujjwal Joshi ◽

Prabesh Sherchan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Primary Molar ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Permanent Occlusion

Background: Understanding the association between morphological aspects in the primary dentition and its transition to the permanent dentition provides the possibility of predicting the final permanent occlusion. Study on the occlusal characteristics in deciduous dentition in Nepalese population is limited. This study was aimed to assess the occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition in preschool children. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 preschool children around Kathmandu valley after getting permission from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Each child fulfilling the inclusion criteria was enrolled on the study only after their assent and their parent’s consent. The primary molar relation, canine relation, overjet, overbite was assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria with the teeth in centric occlusion. Primate and physiological spaces were assessed. Data was collected and analysis was done in SPSS version 16. Results: Among the participants, (51.9%) were male and (48.1%) female. Primate spaces was seen to be absent on157 (36.3%) children. Physiological space was seen among 190 (44%) children. Flush terminal plane molar relationship was more prevalent among 294 (68%) children. Class I canine relationship was found in 257(59.5%) children. Ideal overjet was seen in 333 (77.1%) children and ideal overbite was seen among 337(78%) children. Conclusions: Favorable characteristics traits were seen in the studied population yet longitudinal studies are recommended to predict the possible outcome in permanent dentition.

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Somatotype Characteristics of Sunni Muslim Population: A Cross-sectional Study

The Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man ◽

10.1177/0972558x20913699 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 113-124

Author(s):

Chonsing Shimrah ◽

Sukhmani Kaur ◽

Gurjinder Kaur ◽

Shivani Chandel

Keyword(s):

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Muslim Population ◽

Opposite Trend ◽

Study Population ◽

Males And Females

The aim of this study was to understand the distribution of various somatotype components and determine the age- and sex-related variations of the somatotype among Sunni Muslim population of Uttar Pradesh, India. The study population consisted of 214 individuals (100 males and 114 females), belonging to the age group of 18–73 years. All somatometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Anthropometric somatotyping was done using Heath and Carter method. Somatotype dispersion distances (SDD), mean somatotype dispersion (SDM), and standard deviation of somatotype dispersion distance (DSD) were calculated. Somatochart was also plotted for the body physique of the studied population. The results showed that mean somatotype of males is balanced endomorph (4.2–3.2–3.1), while that of females is mesomorphic endomorph (6.6–3.7–1.2). Endomorphy and mesomorphy increased with age up to 55 years and then decreased thereafter; however, ectomorphy showed the opposite trend in both the sexes. The findings of the study indicate that males and females of Sunni Muslim population are predominantly endomorphic.

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Occlusal Traits of Primary Dentition among Children Visiting a Dental Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v21i2.25111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 122-127

Author(s):

Priyanka Shah ◽

J. Acharya ◽

S. Khanal

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Deciduous Dentition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Different Populations

Occlusion in deciduous dentition varies among children of different populations and races. Paucity of information in Nepalese literature provided the motive for this study. The objective of this study was to examine the occlusal traits of Primary Dentition among children aged 2-6 year old. A cross-sectional study comprising total of 307 children all having deciduous teeth were included in the study. The dentition was examined using a mouth mirror and explorer under illuminated light in Department of Pedodontics and the data was recorded. All the children were screened for molar and canine relationship, overjet, overbite, spaced and non-spaced dentition. Out of the total, Mesial step terminal plane (62%-left; 58%-right), Flush terminal (33%-left; 36% -right) and Distal step (5%-left; 6%-right) were seen. Most of the children had class I canine relation (83%-left; 84%-right), ideal overjet (68.4%), overbite (63.1%) and spaced dentition. Statistical significant difference was found among the gender with respect to overjet. Presence of spacing was more in maxilla than in mandible which was statistically significant. These findings suggested desirable occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition. However, future longitudinal studies are required to examine whether the transition of these occlusal characteristics will lead to favorable outcome in permanent dentition.

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Occlusal Characteristics of Primary Dentition in Sudanese Children in Khartoum State

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2014.v17i2.945 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 03

Author(s):

Amal H. Abuaffan ◽

Roa Mohammed Abd-Alrahman

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Different Types ◽

Lower Arch ◽

Primary Canine

Objective: To determine the occlusal characteristics feature of primary dentition in a group of Sudanese children.Methods: A sample of 381 children age 3-5 years old, randomly selected from kindergartens in Khartoum Stat. Clinical examination was done to all children fulfil the inclusion criteria in the teacher office and in natural day light. Prevalence of different types of terminal plane, types of primary canine relationship and spacing of the primary dentition were assessed.Results: Flush terminal plane was the most prevalent type of terminal plane (72.2%). Class I canine relationship was the most common type of primary canine relationships (95%). In the upper arch primate space and physiological spaces were present in 90.3% and 82.4% of the children, respectively. Nevertheless, the lower arch showed primate spaces in 70.1% and physiological spaces in74.8% of the children.Conclusion: Large number of the examined children in had flush terminal plane and spacing primary dentition that forecasts development of normal occlusion in their permanent dentition.Background: Occlusal relationships in the primary dentition play an important role in the consequential final occlusion in permanent dentition. Therefore, good knowledge of occlusal relationships in children is essential for dental practitionersDesign: A descriptive, cross-sectional study done in randomly selected kindergartens in Khartoum State to determine the occlusal characteristics of primary dentition in a group of Sudanese children.

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Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.3487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (213) ◽

pp. 825-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sanzida Khatun

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cephalic Index ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Long Head ◽

Type 3 ◽

Head Type

Introduction: Cephalic index is an important parameter for differentiation of race and sex which varies significantly on the basis of hereditary, geographical, racial, sexual and other factors. It is a morphometric expression of different forms of head. The objective of this research was to evaluate the cephalic index of people of indigenous Tharu community of Biratnagar, Nepal and to determine different head types. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which maximum head length and breadth of 100 adult Tharu people living in Biratnagar were measured using spreading caliper and scale. The cephalic index was obtained from these values using Hrdlicka’s method. Results: The mean cephalic index of the study population was 75.99±4.97. The mean cephalic indices of males and females were 76.22±5.14 and 75.78±4.85 respectively. The most common head type observed was dolichocephalic type 47 (47%). It was followed by mesocephalic type 37 (37%), brachycephalic type 13 (13%) was less common and least common was hyperbrachycephalic type 3 (3%). Conclusions: Long head (dolichocephalic) type is more common in Tharu population in both the genders, whereas, broad head (brachycephalic and hyperbrachycephalic) type is present in very few people.

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Comparison between the mesiodistal crown dimensions of second primary molar with stainless steel crowns from different companies

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v33i1.2923 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27

Author(s):

Dunia A Al-Dulaimy ◽

Mohammed R Al-khannaq

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Second Primary ◽

Primary Molar ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Populations ◽

Crown Dimensions

Background: Due to the variations in tooth anatomy and size among different populations, this study aimed to compare the mesiodistal width of primary second molars in Iraqi children with the mesiodistal width of stainless-steel crowns from different companies. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 intact maxillary and mandibular primary second molars selected from boys and girls’ Iraqi children aged 8-9 years collected from different primary schools in Baghdad city. The mesiodistal dimensions of the selected teeth and the available maxillary and mandibular stainless-steel crowns from three different companies were measured by using a 3-D scanner, and then the whole measurements were calculated using 3 shape Ortho-analyzer software program. Results: Data were analyzed statistically via SPSS V 26 software and the results showed that there’s non-significant difference between the MD measurements of second primary molars between right and left sides, and high significant difference were recorded with higher mean values for boys than girls. When comparing the same mesiodistal measurement between molars with that of stainless-steel crowns, only limited sizes of stainless steel crowns were found to be fitted to the molars of Iraqi children. Conclusion: more studies need to be applied using other stainless steel crown companies to find the relation in the mesiodistal measurement of Iraqi populations.

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Air pollution and its association with respiratory dysfunction among healthy adolescents: a cross sectional study from South Western Punjab, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20184702 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Harshvardhan Gupta ◽

Himanshu Jain ◽

Varun Kaul ◽

Gurmeet Kaur Sethi ◽

Rajeev Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Respiratory Dysfunction ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Pulmonary Functions ◽

Group A ◽

Study Population ◽

Males And Females ◽

Group B

Background: This study has been performed to compare the pulmonary functions of healthy adolescents studying in schools situated in highly polluted areas with those studying in schools of low polluted areas of south western Punjab.Methods: This study was conducted in various schools located at Faridkot and Bathinda city. These places had been identified by the Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB) as having low and high air pollution levels respectively. Study Population divided into two groups that is Group A: 300 children from schools situated in Bathinda city. Group B: 301 children from schools situated in Faridkot city. Spiro Excel spirometer was used, and following parameters were obtained: FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁% (relation of FEV₁ to FVC), PEFR, FEF25-75%. Results: FVC was low in males and females in the high polluted group as compared in the low polluted group (p = 0.042; significant; males) (p = 0.039; significant; females). FEV₁ was low in males and females in high polluted group as compared in low polluted group (p = 0.003; significant; males) (p = 0.026; significant; females). In this study only, males showed a significant fall in mean percentage of FEF25-75%. PEFR was low in males in high polluted group as compared to that in low polluted group (p = 0.007; significant) while in females it was insignificant.Conclusions: It is concluded that in South Western Punjab, air pollution has detrimental effect on pulmonary functions (FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁%, FEF25-75% and PEFR) in healthy adolescents.

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Influence of the socioeconomic status on the prevalence of malocclusion in the primary dentition

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2176-9451.20.1.074-078.oar ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 74-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Thiene Silva Normando ◽

Regina Fátima Feio Barroso ◽

David Normando

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Socioeconomic Background ◽

Primary Tooth ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Posterior Crossbite ◽

Males And Females

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of socioeconomic background on malocclusion prevalence in primary dentition in a population from the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised 652 children (males and females) aged between 3 to 6 years old. Subjects were enrolled in private preschools (higher socioeconomic status - HSS, n = 312) or public preschools (lower socioeconomic status - LSS, n = 340) in Belém, Pará, Brazil. Chi-square and binomial statistics were used to assess differences between both socioeconomic groups, with significance level set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: A high prevalence of malocclusion (81.44%) was found in the sample. LSS females exhibited significantly lower prevalence (72.1%) in comparison to HSS females (84.7%), particularly with regard to Class II (P < 0.0001), posterior crossbite (P = 0.006), increased overbite (P = 0.005) and overjet (P < 0.0001). Overall, malocclusion prevalence was similar between HSS and LSS male children (P = 0.36). Early loss of primary teeth was significantly more prevalent in the LSS group (20.9%) in comparison to children in the HSS group (0.9%), for both males and females (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic background influences the occurrence of malocclusion in the primary dentition. In the largest metropolitan area of the Amazon, one in every five LSS children has lost at least one primary tooth before the age of seven.

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