scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variability of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Yellow River-Dominated Margin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Ding ◽  
Yunping Xu ◽  
Yinghui Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed for surface sediments and a sediment core from the Yellow River-dominated margin. The concentration of 16 USEPA priority PAHs in surface sediments ranged from 5.6 to 175.4 ng g−1dry weight sediment (dws) with a mean of 49.1 ng g−1 dws. From 1930 to 2011, the distribution of PAHs (37.2 to 210.6 ng g−1 dws) was consistent with the socioeconomic development of China. The PAHs’ concentration peaked in 1964 and 1986, corresponding to the rapid economic growth in China (1958–1965) and the initiation of the “Reform and Open” policy in 1978, respectively. The applications of molecular diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis suggest that PAHs are predominantly produced by the coal and biomass combustion, whereas the contribution of petroleum combustions slightly increased after the 1970s, synchronous with an increasing usage of oil and gas in China.

scholarly journals Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Froger ◽  
Nicolas P. A. Saby ◽  
Claudy C. Jolivet ◽  
Line Boulonne ◽  
Giovanni Caria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants produced by anthropogenic activities that contaminate all environmental spheres, including soils. This study focused on PAHs measured in 2154 soils in France, covering the entire territory based on a regular sampling grid. The quantified concentrations in the Σ15PAHs ranged from 5.1 to 31200 µg · kg−1, with a median value of 32.6 µg · kg−1, and PAHs were detected in 70 % of the soil samples. The map of Σ15PAHs concentrations revealed strong spatial variations in soil contamination throughout France, with larger concentrations in soils of industrial regions and near major cities. PAHs molecular diagnostic ratios supports the historical origin of PAHs in the northern part of France being linked to the significant emissions of PAHs in Europe during the industrial period of 1850–1950 with in particular the contribution of coal/biomass combustion and iron-steel production. A health risk assessment conducted for the residential population resulted in a median value of 1.07 × 10−8 in total lifetime cancer risk, with only 20 sites above the limit of 10−6 and one above the limit of 10−5 adopted by the French government. These results reveal the need to conduct large-scale studies on soil contamination to determine the fate of PAHs and evaluate the risks induced by soil pollution at a country-level scale.

scholarly journals Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils

SOIL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Claire Froger ◽  
Nicolas P. A. Saby ◽  
Claudy C. Jolivet ◽  
Line Boulonne ◽  
Giovanni Caria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants produced by anthropogenic activities that contaminate all environmental spheres, including soils. This study focused on PAHs measured in 2154 soils in France, covering the entire territory based on a regular sampling grid. The quantified concentrations in the Σ15 PAHs ranged from 5.1 to 31 200 µg kg−1, with a median value of 32.6 µg kg−1, and PAHs were detected in 70 % of the soil samples. The map of Σ15 PAH concentrations revealed strong spatial variations in soil contamination throughout France, with larger concentrations in soils of industrial regions and near major cities. PAH molecular diagnostic ratios support the historical origin of PAHs in the northern part of France being linked to the significant emissions of PAHs in Europe during the industrial period of 1850–1950, in particular with the contribution of coal and/or biomass combustion and iron–steel production. A health risk assessment conducted for the residential population resulted in a median value of 1.07 × 10−8 in total lifetime cancer risk, with only 20 sites above the limit of 10−6 and one above the limit of 10−5 adopted by the French government. These results reveal the need to conduct large-scale studies on soil contamination to determine the fate of PAHs and evaluate the risks induced by soil pollution at a country-level scale.

scholarly journals Investigation of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Brunei Bay, East Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
S.Y. Pang ◽  
S. Suratman ◽  
J.H. Tay ◽  
N. Mohd Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Total N ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Geographical Locations

The surface distributions of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated from coastal sediments of Brunei Bay, southern South China Sea. The concentrations of total n-alkane (TNA) and 16 USEPA priority PAHs ranged from 0.67 to 9.88 μg/g and 4.72 to 102 ng/g, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) clustered the hydrocarbons in surface sediments according to their relationship and geographical locations, anticipated to the inputs and activities in proximity. Biomarker diagnostic ratios revealed that biogenic n-alkane inputs in the coastal sediments are exported from the fluviomarine and mangrove swamp environment, while the PAHs inputs are derived from mixed petrogenic and petroleum combustion residues. Overall, the level of PAHs in the study area is between low to moderate, based on the comparison with other areas worldwide.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Removal, and Mass Balance of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Northeast China

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Rashid Mohammed ◽  
Zi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Ying-Hua Hu ◽  
Li-Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Coal Composition

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 33 methylated PAHs (Me-PAHs), and 14 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) were measured in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to study the removal efficiency of these compounds through the WWTPs, as well as their source appointment and potential risk in the effluent. The concentrations of ∑PAHs, ∑Me-PAHs, and ∑NPAHs were 2.01–8.91, 23.0–102, and 6.21–171 µg/L in the influent, and 0.17–1.37, 0.06–0.41 and 0.01–2.41 µg/L in the effluent, respectively. Simple Treat 4.0 and meta-regression methods were applied to calculate the removal efficiencies (REs) for the 63 PAHs and their derivatives in 10 WWTPs and the results were compared with the monitoring data. Overall, the ranges of REs were 55.3–95.4% predicated by the Simple Treat and 47.5–97.7% by the meta-regression. The results by diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis PCA showed that “mixed source” biomass, coal composition, and petroleum could be recognized to either petrogenic or pyrogenic sources. The risk assessment of the effluent was also evaluated, indicating that seven carcinogenic PAHs, Benzo[a]pyrene, Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and Benzo(a)anthracene were major contributors to the toxics equivalency concentrations (TEQs) in the effluent of WWTPs, to which attention should be paid.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments from Yellow River, China

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Xu ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Weifeng Guo ◽  
Shugui Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Corminboeuf ◽  
Jean-Carlos Montero-Serrano ◽  
Richard St-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

<p>The concentrations of 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 16 parent and 7 alkylated PAHs) in 113 surface marine sediment samples, 13 on-land sediment samples and 8 subsampled push cores retrieved from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) were calculated. PAHs were extracted via accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and quantified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sums of the concentrations 16 PAHs in the surface sediments ranged from 7.8 to 247.7 ng g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight [dw]) basis). The PAH inputs to the sediments have remained constant during the last century and agree with the results obtained for the surface sediments. Diagnostic ratios indicated that the PAHs in the CAA mainly originate from natural petrogenic sources, with some pyrogenic sources. Temporal trends did not indicate major source shifts and largely indicated petrogenic inputs. Overall, the sediments retrieved from the CAA have low PAH concentrations that are mainly natural.</p>

scholarly journals One-Century Sedimentary Record, Sources, And Ecological Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Dianchi Lake, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ma ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Changchun Huang ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Shuaidong Li
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Dianchi Lake ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract In this study, the sedimentary records, sources, and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Dianchi Lake were analyzed. The concentration ranges of ΣPAH16 in the sediments of Dianchi Lake were 368–990 ng/g, with an average value of 572 ng/g, peaking in 1988. Economic development and rapid population growth, as well as the rapid growth of coal consumption, have a greater impact on the HMW PAHs than on the LMW PAHs in the sedimentary environment. The results of the diagnostic ratios and PCA model show that the main sources of PAHs were coal and biomass combustion, as well as fossil fuel combustion sources in individual years. The risk assessment results showed that the PAH concentrations in the sediment were within a safe range. In the past 100 years of sediment pore water, except for Phe, which reached chronic toxic pollution levels in some years, other 2-3 ring LMW PAHs have been within a safe range. With the development of industrialization and urbanization, the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum has increased, and some of the 4-6 ring HMW PAHs have reached chronic toxicity or even acute toxicity in the sediment pore water.

scholarly journals The use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons molecular diagnostic ratios as a source identification tool - case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 00062
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Janoszka ◽  
Justyna Klyta ◽  
Łukasz Laks ◽  
Krzysztof Słaby
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Combustion Processes

Levoglucosan (LG) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic substances emitted from variety of anthropogenic sources, mainly as a result of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic material. The seasonality of PAHs emissions is a well demonstrated fact, observed in most monitoring studies, where PAHs air concentrations in winter are much higher than their respective in the summer, due to seasonally variable emission sources. Various techniques have been proposed as ideal source identification (or apportionment) tools, and much debate exists in scientific literature about the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies. The most common methodology is the use of molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs). Based on the annual measurement campaign in rural site located on South Poland, were levoglucose and PAHs were analyzed, the MDRs were determined. The results showed that the combustion processes of solid fuels, including biomass, are mainly responsible for air quality.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Corminboeuf ◽  
Jean-Carlos Montero-Serrano ◽  
Richard St-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

<p>The concentrations of 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 16 parent and 7 alkylated PAHs) in 113 surface marine sediment samples, 13 on-land sediment samples and 8 subsampled push cores retrieved from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) were calculated. PAHs were extracted via accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and quantified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sums of the concentrations 16 PAHs in the surface sediments ranged from 7.8 to 247.7 ng g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight [dw]) basis). The PAH inputs to the sediments have remained constant during the last century and agree with the results obtained for the surface sediments. Diagnostic ratios indicated that the PAHs in the CAA mainly originate from natural petrogenic sources, with some pyrogenic sources. Temporal trends did not indicate major source shifts and largely indicated petrogenic inputs. Overall, the sediments retrieved from the CAA have low PAH concentrations that are mainly natural.</p>

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