scholarly journals Ratio of the Dead to Wounded (D/W) Indicators and Associated Factors in Major Earthquakes of America from 1960 to 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. Ayuso-Alvárez ◽  
K. Alva Chavez ◽  
M. V. Martínez de Aragón ◽  
C. R. Ugarte ◽  
J. Donado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The paper presented deals with the casualties, mortality, and morbidity occurred during the major earthquakes of America during a period of 51 years. The work provides statistical evidence that the deaths/wounded (D/W) ratio used for many agencies in the planning of the preparation and response activities to earthquakes does not fit the relation 1 : 3. In addition, a model is presented in order to evaluate the possible association between different analysis variables such as the subregion of the American continent affected, population density, HDI, and the time and magnitude of the earthquake and the effects of these on the death toll, the number of the wounded, and the D/W indexes. Although the model generated it is not robust enough for decision making, it could be useful and improvable in order to apply it in the planning and management of these kinds of natural disasters. For these reasons, we think that it would be interesting to do further progress in this line of research by making a more comprehensive study of the variables associated with mortality and morbidity, using a more representative sample of earthquakes that sure will confirm the results presented in this work.

Knowledge, Attitudes and associated factors to Use District Health Information System (DHIS2 data) for decision making among health professionals in a Resource limited settings: Cross-sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuma Gosha Kanfe ◽  
Nebyu Demeke Mengiste ◽  
Mohammedjud Hassen Ahmed ◽  
Gebiso Roba Debele ◽  
Berhanu Fikadie Endehabtu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Health Need

BACKGROUND Evidence based practice is a key to increase effectiveness and efficiency of quality health services. To achieve this, utilization of health facility data (DHIS2 data) is required which is determined by knowledge and attitudes of health professionals. Thus, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data for decision making. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and its associated factors among health professionals to use DHIS2 data for decision making at South west of Ethiopia 2020 METHODS Cross sectional quantitative study methods was conducted to assess Knowledge and Attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data. A total of 264 participants were approached. SPSS version 22 software was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistics including Bivariable and Multivariable analyses was done RESULTS Overall 130(49.2%) of the respondents had good knowledge to use DHIS2 data (95% CI: [43, 55.3]), whereas over 149 (56.4%) of the respondents had favorable attitudes towards the use of DHIS2 data for decision making purpose (95% CI: [53.2, 59.8]). Skills [AOR=2.20,95% CI:(1.16, 4.19)], Age [AOR= 1.92, 95% CI: (1.03, 3.59)] ,Resources[AOR=2.56, 95% CI:(1.35,4.86)], Staffing[AOR= 2.85, 95% CI : (1.49, 5.48)] and Experiences[AOR= 4.66, 95% CI: (1.94, 5.78)] were variables associated with knowledge to use DHIS2 data whereas Training [AOR= 5.59, 95% CI: (2.48, 5.42)], Feedback [AOR= 4.08, 95% CI: (1.87, 8.91)], Motivation [AOR=2.87, 95% CI: (1.36, 6.06)] and Health need [AOR=2.32, 95% CI: (1.10-4.92)] were variables associated with attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data CONCLUSIONS In general, about half of the study participants had good knowledge of DHIS2 data utilization whereas more than half of respondents had favorable attitudes. Skills, resources, ages, staffing and experiences were the most determinant factors for the knowledge to use DHIS2 data whereas health need, motivation, feedback and training were determinant factors for attitudes to use DHIS2 data

Political beliefs, views about technocracy, and energy and climate policy preferences

2020 ◽  
pp. 096366252097856
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Nowlin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Energy And Climate Policy

The use of technocratic decision-making, where policy decisions are made by elite experts, is an important aspect of policymaking in the United States. However, little work has examined public opinion about technocracy. Using data from a representative sample of the United States ( n = 1200), I explore differences in support for technocracy and the implications of that support for views about politically controversial energy sources and climate policies. Overall, I find that liberal Democrats, moderate/conservative Democrats, and moderate/liberal Republicans were more likely than conservative Republicans and moderate independents to support technocratic decision-making. In addition, I find that as support for technocracy increases, so does support for energy sources and climate policies; however, there are significant interaction effects across political beliefs.

Household Financial Decision-Making After Natural Disasters: Evidence from Hurricane Harvey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro del Valle ◽  
Therese C. Scharlemann ◽  
Stephen H. Shore
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Financial Decision Making ◽  
Financial Decision

Image and Reality in Travel Decision-Making: A Case From Lake Atitlán, Guatemala

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Carla Pezzia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Lake Atitlan ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Travel Decision

Recent media reports indicate a decrease in tourism nationwide in Guatemala. In Panajachel, the second most visited destination in Guatemala, there has been an observable decline in both international and national-based tourism. Three primary factors contribute to this decline in Panajachel: 1. Global Economic Crisis 2. Recent history of natural disasters 3. Increased criminal activity and drug-related violence

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR EKONOMI, SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN IKLIM TERHADAP BENCANA ALAM DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Ecogen ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Surya Irmayani ◽  
Zul Azhar ◽  
Melti Roza Adry
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Education Participation

This purpose of the research  are to the analyse the Economic Growth, Education Participation Rate, Urban Population, Population Density, Number of Rainfall in terms of Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia. This type of research is associative descriptive research. This study is based on data 2015 obtained from institutions and related institution. Methods that being used are Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The estimation results show that Economic Growth has a significant negative effect the Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia, Education Participation Rate has a not significant effect the Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia, Urban Population has a significant positive effect the Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia, Population Density has a not significant effect the Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia, Number of rainfall has a not significant effect the Damage Natural Disasters in Indonesia. Keywords: Economic Growth, Education Participation Rate, Urban Population, Population Density, Number of Rainfall

scholarly journals Diverse local epidemics reveal the distinct effects of population density, demographics, climate, depletion of susceptibles, and intervention in the first wave of COVID-19 in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niayesh Afshordi ◽  
Benjamin Holder ◽  
Mohammad Bahrami ◽  
Daniel Lichtblau
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Density ◽  
The United States ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Impact

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, sparing almost no community. As the disease will likely remain a threat for years to come, an understanding of the precise influences of human demographics and settlement, as well as the dynamic factors of climate, susceptible depletion, and intervention, on the spread of localized epidemics will be vital for mounting an effective response. We consider the entire set of local epidemics in the United States; a broad selection of demographic, population density, and climate factors; and local mobility data, tracking social distancing interventions, to determine the key factors driving the spread and containment of the virus. Assuming first a linear model for the rate of exponential growth (or decay) in cases/mortality, we find that population-weighted density, humidity, and median age dominate the dynamics of growth and decline, once interventions are accounted for. A focus on distinct metropolitan areas suggests that some locales benefited from the timing of a nearly simultaneous nationwide shutdown, and/or the regional climate conditions in mid-March; while others suffered significant outbreaks prior to intervention. Using a first-principles model of the infection spread, we then develop predictions for the impact of the relaxation of social distancing and local climate conditions. A few regions, where a significant fraction of the population was infected, show evidence that the epidemic has partially resolved via depletion of the susceptible population (i.e., “herd immunity”), while most regions in the United States remain overwhelmingly susceptible. These results will be important for optimal management of intervention strategies, which can be facilitated using our online dashboard.

Contemporary Heart Failure Treatment Based on Improved Knowledge and Personalized Care of Comorbidities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1565-1579
Author(s):  
Kostas Giokas ◽  
Charalampos Tsirmpas ◽  
Athanasios Anastasiou ◽  
Dimitra Iliopoulou ◽  
Vassilia Costarides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Care Approach

Chronic diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. A significant contribution to the burden of chronic diseases is the concurrence of co-morbidities. Heart failure (HF) is a complex, chronic medical condition frequently associated with co-morbidities. The current care approach for HF patients with co-morbidities is neither capable to deliver personalised care nor to halt the on-going increase of its socio-economic burden. Our approach aims to improve the complete care process for HF patients and related co-morbidities to improve outcome and quality of life. This will be achieved by the proposed standardised yet personalised patient-oriented ICT system that supports evidence-based clinical decision making as well as interaction and communication between all stakeholders with focus on the patients and their relatives to improve self-management. We propose that such a system should be build upon a novel European-wide data standard for clinical input and outcome and that it should facilitate decision making and outcome tracking by new collective intelligence algorithms.

A Grid-Aware Emergency Response Model (G-AERM) for Disaster Management

2012 ◽  
pp. 252-267
Author(s):  
Eleana Asimakopoulou ◽  
Chimay J Anumba ◽  
Dino Bouchlaghem
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Emergency Response Model

The emergency management community is working toward developments associated with the reduction of losses in lives, property and the environment caused by natural disasters. However, several limitations with the particular collaborative nature of current Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in use have been reported. In particular, how emergency management stakeholders within an ICT environment can bring together all their resources in a collaborative and timely manner so as to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of emergency response tasks. With this in mind, the authors describe the Grid-Aware Emergency Response Model (G-AERM) to make the best of functionality offered by emerging ICT to support intelligence in decision making toward a more effective and efficient emergency response management.

Ethical issues in cardiac arrest and acute cardiac care: a European perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Vincent ◽  
Jacques Creteur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Ethical Decisions ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Acute Cardiac Care

Acute cardiac syndromes are common and responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity. Decision making in such patients can be difficult clinically but can also be complex and challenging from an ethical perspective. This chapter reviews some of the ethical problems, including organ donation and withholding/withdrawing, that can occur in the acutely ill adult cardiac patient, starting with a brief look at the ethical principles that should guide our decision making: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and distributive justice. The role of advance directives and considerations related to family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation will also be discussed. With the increasing incidence and prevalence of coronary artery disease worldwide, the number of patients with cardiac arrest and requiring acute cardiac care is going to increase, and doctors will increasingly be faced with difficult ethical decisions associated with these patients. Open discussion and debate about these issues and good communication among patients, family members, and members of the health care team are essential to ensure that all patients receive the best possible end-of-life care.

Pain Emergencies and Complications of Pain Treatments

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-240
Author(s):  
Isaac Tong ◽  
R. Jason Yong ◽  
Beth B. Hogans
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Acute Chest Pain ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Pain Characteristics

Chapter 13 reviews some common pain-associated emergencies and also discusses some complications of pain treatments that require immediate attention. Pain is a common occurrence in emergent illness, and some complications of pain treatments require emergent management. Chest pain is an excellent example of clinical decision-making following a process of organized, rapid pain assessment and then diagnostic and treatment reasoning based on the findings and observations of the clinical assessment. Providers assessing patients for acute chest pain elicit basic pain characteristics of region, quality, severity, and timing as well as usually associated factors and then pursue testing and treatment for elements in the differential diagnosis accordingly. The chapter illustrates this same process applied to conditions of acute abdominal, limb, headache, and spine emergencies. In the second part of the chapter, emergencies arising in the context of pain treatments are discussed, including overdose and withdrawal from opioids, benzodiazepines, and other pain-active medications as well as pump and device complications.

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