scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNA Plays a Key Role in Metastasis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangbing Li ◽  
Haohai Zhang ◽  
Xueshuai Wan ◽  
Xiaobo Yang ◽  
Chengpei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cellular Processes

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been attracting immense research interests. However, only a handful of lncRNAs had been thoroughly characterized. They were involved in fundamental cellular processes including regulation of gene expression at epigenetics as well as tumorogenesis. In this paper, we give a systematic and comprehensive review of existing literature about lncRNA involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma. This review exhibited that lncRNAs played important roles in tumorigenesis and subsequent prognosis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and elucidated the role of some specific lncRNAs such as MALAT1 and HOTAIR in the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential of being therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals A new cancer-testis long noncoding RNA, the OTP-AS1 RNA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliia K. Karnaukhova ◽  
Dmitrii E. Polev ◽  
Larisa L. Krukovskaya ◽  
Alexey E. Masharsky ◽  
Olga V. Nazarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Regulatory Interactions ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Cancer Testis

AbstractOrthopedia homeobox (OTP) gene encodes a homeodomain-containing transcription factor involved in brain development. OTP is mapped to human chromosome 5q14.1. Earlier we described transcription in the second intron of this gene in wide variety of tumors, but among normal tissues only in testis. In GeneBank these transcripts are presented by several 300-400 nucleotides long AI267901-like ESTs.We assumed that AI267901-like ESTs belong to longer transcript(s). We used the Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) approach and other methods to find the full-length transcript. The found transcript was 2436 nucleotides long polyadenylated sequence in antisense to OTP gene. The corresponding gene consisted of two exons separated by an intron of 2961 bp long. The first exon was found to be 91 bp long and located in the third exon of OTP gene. The second exon was 2345bp long and located in the second intron of OTP gene.The search of possible open reading frames (ORFs) showed the lack of significant ORFs. We have shown the expression of new gene in many human tumors and only in one sampled normal testis. The data suggest that we discovered a new antisense cancer-testis sequence OTP-AS1 (OTP- antisense RNA 1), which belongs to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). According to our findings we assume that OTP-AS1 and OTP genes may be the CT-coding gene/CT-ncRNA pair involved in regulatory interactions.Author summaryPreviously, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were considered as genetic “noise”. However, it was later shown that only 2% of genomic transcripts have a protein-coding ability. Non-coding RNA is divided into short non-coding RNAs (20-200 nucleotides) and long noncoding RNAs (200-100,000 nucleotides). Genes encoding lncRNA often overlap or are adjacent to protein-coding genes, and localization of this kind is beneficial in order to regulate the transcription of neighboring genes. Studies have shown that of lncRNAs play many roles in the regulation of gene expression. New evidence indicates that dysfunctions of lncRNAs are associated with human diseases and cancer.In our study we found a new cancer-testis long noncoding RNA (OTP-AS1), which is an antisense of protein-coding cancer-testis gene (OTP). Thus, OTP-AS1 and OTP genes may be the CT-coding gene/CT-ncRNA pair involved in regulatory interactions. This is supported by the similar profile of their expression. OTP-AS1 may be of interest as a potential diagnostic marker of cancer or a potential target for cancer therapy.Part of OTP-AS1 gene (5’-end of the second exon) is evolutionary younger than the rest of gene sequence and is less conservative. This links OTP-AS1 gene with so-called TSEEN (tumor-specifically expressed, evolutionary novel) genes described by the authors in previous papers.

scholarly journals Transvection and pairing of a Drosophila Hox long noncoding RNA in the regulation of Sex combs reduced

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Pettini ◽  
Matthew Ronshaugen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Sex Combs Reduced ◽  
Hox Gene ◽  
Sex Combs

ABSTRACTLong noncoding RNAs have emerged as abundant and important regulators of gene expression in diverse animals. In D. melanogaster several lncRNAs involved in regulating Hox gene expression in the Bithorax Complex have been reported. However, no functional Hox long noncoding RNAs have been described in the Antennapedia Complex. Here we have characterized a long noncoding RNA lincX from the Antennapedia Complex, that is transcribed from previously identified cis-regulatory sequences of the Hox gene Sex combs reduced (Scr). We use both the GAL4-UAS system and mutants to ectopically overexpress the lincX RNA from exogenous and endogenous loci respectively, in order to dissect the potential regulatory functions of lincX RNA versus lincX transcription. Our findings suggest that transcription through the lincX locus, but not the lincX RNA itself, may facilitate initiation of Scr in cis in the early embryo. Transvection phenomena, where regulatory sequences on one chromosome can affect expression on the homolog, have previously been reported in genetic studies of Scr. By analysing lincX and Scr nascent transcriptional sites in embryos heterozygous for a gain of function mutation, we directly visualize this transvection, and observe that the ectopic lincX transcriptional state appears to be relayed in trans to the homologous wild-type chromosome. This trans-activation of lincX correlates with both ectopic activation of Scr in cis, and increased chromosomal proximity. Our results are consistent with a model whereby early long noncoding RNA transcription through cis-regulatory sequences can be communicated between chromosomes, and facilitates long-range initiation of Hox gene expression in cis.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs-Related Diseases, Cancers, and Drugs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Yang Tang ◽  
Jin-Ching Lee ◽  
Yung-Ting Chang ◽  
Ming-Feng Hou ◽  
Hurng-Wern Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Clinical Drugs

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) function is described in terms of related gene expressions, diseases, and cancers as well as their polymorphisms. Potential modulators of lncRNA function, including clinical drugs, natural products, and derivatives, are discussed, and bioinformatic resources are summarized. The improving knowledge of the lncRNA regulatory network has implications not only in gene expression, diseases, and cancers, but also in the development of lncRNA-based pharmacology.

scholarly journals The Role of lncRNA in the Development of Tumors, Including Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8427
Author(s):  
Beata Smolarz ◽  
Anna Zadrożna-Nowak ◽  
Hanna Romanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Cellular Processes

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the largest groups of ribonucleic acids, but, despite the increasing amount of literature data, the least understood. Given the involvement of lncRNA in basic cellular processes, especially in the regulation of transcription, the role of these noncoding molecules seems to be of great importance for the proper functioning of the organism. Studies have shown a relationship between disturbed lncRNA expression and the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The present article presents a detailed review of the latest reports and data regarding the importance of lncRNA in the development of cancers, including breast carcinoma.

THU0078 EXPRESSION PROFILE ANALYSIS OF LONG NONCODING RNAS INDUCED BY IL-1ß IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 251.1-251
Author(s):  
J. M. Kim ◽  
H. J. Kang ◽  
S. J. Jung ◽  
B. W. Song ◽  
H. J. Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Ngs Data ◽  
Fibroblast Like Synoviocytes

Background:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as important biological regulators and the aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been reported in various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus. However, the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown.Objectives:Thus, we studied lncRNAs influenced by IL-1, which is one of the key mediators in the pathogenesis of RA, and also investigated whether regulation of NF-κB activation, which is known to be induced by IL-1, could lead to the changes of expression of those lncRNAs.Methods:Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were obtained from the knee joints of the patients with RA. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) data were analyzed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs between unstimulated RA FLS and IL-1-stimulated RA FLS. The expression levels of the top 5 candidates in NGS data were validated by RT-qPCR using extended number of unstimulated RA FLS and IL-1-stimulated RA FLS. IMD-0560, an inhibitor of IκB kinase (IKK) was used for the regulation of NF-κB activation. Activation and inhibition of NF-κB were confirmed by Western blotting. Changed expressions of the lncRNAs were identified by RT-qPCR.Results:NGS analysis revealed up-regulated 30 lncRNAs and down-regulated 15 lncRNAs in IL-1-treated RA FLS compared with unstimulated RA FLS. Top 5 lncRNAs were selected among 30 lncRNAs up-regulated by IL-1 in RA FLS based on fold-change with P-value cutoff. The up-regulated lncRNAs including NR_046035, NR_027783, NR_033422, NR_003133, and NR_049759 were validated by RT-qPCR. IMD-0560 inhibited phosphorylation of IκBα induced by IL-1 in RA FLS. Overexpression of lncRNAs induced by IL-1 was also inhibited by IMD-0560 in RA FLS.Conclusion:Our study revealed that IL-1 increased the expression of NR_046035, NR_027783, NR_033422, NR_003133, and NR_049759 in RA FLS. In addition, the expression of these lncRNAs was regulated by inhibition of NF-κB activation. Thus, our data suggest that the lncRNAs might be involved in the pathogenesis of RA through NF-κB signaling pathway.References:[1]Long noncoding RNAs and human disease. Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Jun;21(6):354-61.[2]A long noncoding RNA mediates both activation and repression of immune response genes. Science. 2013 Aug 16;341(6147):789-92.[3]Long noncoding RNA expression profile in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016 Oct 6;18(1):227.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals The emerging role of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wei ◽  
Xingwu Wang ◽  
Liyan Lv ◽  
Jibing Liu ◽  
Huaixin Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Nucleolar Rnas

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the second most lethal human cancer. A portion of patients with advanced HCC can significantly benefit from treatments with sorafenib, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil and platinum drugs. However, most HCC patients eventually develop drug resistance, resulting in a poor prognosis. The mechanisms involved in HCC drug resistance are complex and inconclusive. Human transcripts without protein-coding potential are known as noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNA (circRNA). Accumulated evidences demonstrate that several deregulated miRNAs and lncRNAs are important regulators in the development of HCC drug resistance which elucidates their potential clinical implications. In this review, we summarized the detailed mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs affect HCC drug resistance. Multiple tumor-specific miRNAs and lncRNAs may serve as novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for HCC.

scholarly journals Long noncoding RNA ANRIL protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by sponging miR-195-5p and upregulating Bcl-2

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (61) ◽  
pp. 35624-35635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Li Meng ◽  
Chengyang Xu ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Xiangming Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Reoxygenation Injury ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Long noncoding RNAs have been widely accepted to play important roles in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

scholarly journals Focus on Noncoding RNA Regulation of Plant-Microbe Interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-155
Author(s):  
John P. Carr ◽  
Steven A. Whitham
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Rna Regulation ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Microbial Origin ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Satellite Rnas

Investigations in recent years have uncovered important roles for RNA molecules that do not encode proteins (‘noncoding RNAs’) but which, nevertheless, exert powerful effects on gene expression at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Our late colleague Biao Ding, who died unexpectedly on June 25, 2015, proposed a Focus Issue on the roles in plant-microbe interactions of noncoding RNAs, whether of plant or microbial origin and including small interfering (si)RNAs, microRNAs, phased siRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, as well as viroids and satellite RNAs. The Editorial Board of MPMI has decided to dedicate this Focus Issue to the memory of Professor Biao Ding, a valued and deeply missed colleague and friend.

scholarly journals Dysregulated micro-RNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cardiac development and pediatric heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (5) ◽  
pp. H1308-H1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Toni ◽  
Frehiwet Hailu ◽  
Carmen C. Sucharov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Cardiovascular Development ◽  
Micro Rnas

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are broadly described as RNA molecules that are not translated into protein. The investigation of dysregulated ncRNAs in human diseases such as cancer, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases has been under way for well over a decade. Micro-RNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the best characterized ncRNAs. These ncRNAs can have profound effects on the regulation of gene expression during cardiac development and disease. Importantly, ncRNAs are significant regulators of gene expression in several congenital heart diseases and can positively or negatively impact cardiovascular development. In this review, we focus on literature involving micro-RNAs and lncRNAs in the context of pediatric cardiovascular diseases, preclinical models of heart failure, and cardiac development.

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