scholarly journals Identification of the AntiListerialConstituents in Partially Purified Column Chromatography Fractions ofGarcinia kolaSeeds and Their Interactions with Standard Antibiotics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Penduka ◽  
L. Buwa ◽  
B. Mayekiso ◽  
A. K. Basson ◽  
A. I. Okoh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Maximum Test

Partially purified fractions of the n-hexane extract ofGarcinia kolaseeds were obtained through column chromatography and their constituents were identified through the use of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three fractions were obtained by elution with benzene as the mobile phase and silica gel 60 as the stationery phase and these were named Benz1, Benz2, and Benz3 in the order of their elution. The antiListerialactivities of these fractions were assessed through MIC determination and only Benz2 and Benz3 were found to be active with MIC’s ranging from 0.625 to 2.5 mg/mL. The results of the GC-MS analysis showed Benz2 to have 9 compounds whilst Benz3 had 7 compounds, with the major compounds in both fractions being 9,19-Cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol, (3.β.) and 9,19-Cyclolanostan-3-ol,24-methylene-, (3.β.). The Benz2 fraction was found to have mainly indifferent interactions with ampicillin and penicillin G whilst mainly additive interactions were observed with ciprofloxacin. The Benz3 fraction’s interactions were found to be 50% synergistic with penicillin G and 25% synergistic with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin. A commercially available 9,19-Cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol, (3.β.) was found not to exhibit any antiListerialactivities at maximum test concentrations of 5 mg/mL, suggesting that the compound could be acting in synergy with the other compounds in the eluted fractions ofGarcinia kolaseeds.

scholarly journals The Examination of Semi-Volatiles in Cigarette Smoke/Untersuchung der „Semi -Volatiles“ des Cigarettenrauches

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Neurath ◽  
M. Dünger ◽  
I. Küstermann
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Condensate

AbstractSix fractions of the steam volatiles of tobacco smoke condensate (semi-volatiles) are formed by column chromatography on silica gel. The constituents are identified by means of a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. About 320 compounds are indicated. Out of the 215 substances identified 69 have not been previously reported in cigarette smoke.

scholarly journals Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and High-Sensitivity Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Screening of Classic Drugs and New Psychoactive Substances and Metabolites in Urine of Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4000
Author(s):  
Emilia Marchei ◽  
Maria Alias Ferri ◽  
Marta Torrens ◽  
Magí Farré ◽  
Roberta Pacifici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Resolution Mass

The use of the new psychoactive substances is continuously growing and the implementation of accurate and sensible analysis in biological matrices of users is relevant and fundamental for clinical and forensic purposes. Two different analytical technologies, high-sensitivity gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) were used for a screening analysis of classic drugs and new psychoactive substances and their metabolites in urine of formed heroin addicts under methadone maintenance therapy. Sample preparation involved a liquid-liquid extraction. The UHPLC-HRMS method included Accucore™ phenyl Hexyl (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm, Thermo, USA) column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of mobile phase A (ammonium formate 2 mM in water, 0.1% formic acid) and mobile phase B (ammonium formate 2 mM in methanol/acetonitrile 50:50 (v/v), 0.1% formic acid) and a full-scan data-dependent MS2 (ddMS2) mode for substances identification (mass range 100–1000 m/z). The GC-MS method employed an ultra-Inert Intuvo GC column (HP-5MS UI, 30 m, 250 µm i.d, film thickness 0.25 µm; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and electron-impact (EI) mass spectra were recorded in total ion monitoring mode (scan range 40–550 m/z). Urine samples from 296 patients with a history of opioid use disorder were examined. Around 80 different psychoactive substances and/or metabolites were identified, being methadone and metabolites the most prevalent ones. The possibility to screen for a huge number of psychotropic substances can be useful in suspected drug related fatalities or acute intoxication/exposure occurring in emergency departments and drug addiction services.

Determination of dimethyl fumarate (DMFu) in silica gel pouches using gas chromatography coupled ion trap mass spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Stefanelli ◽  
Danilo Attard Barbini ◽  
Silvana Girolimetti ◽  
Angela Santilio ◽  
Roberto Dommarco
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Achyranthes Root Over Al-MCM-41

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 4081-4084
Author(s):  
Seul-Bee Lee ◽  
Young-Min Kim ◽  
Ji-Hui Park ◽  
Young-Kwon Park
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acidic Properties ◽  
Achyranthes Root ◽  
Formation Efficiency ◽  
Mcm 41

This study examined the thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of waste Achyranthes Root (AR) using pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The non-catalytic pyrolysis of waste AR produced various kinds of oxygenates, such as acetic acid, hydroxy propanone, furfural, phenol, cresol, guaiacols, syringols, and so on. By applying nanoporous Al-MCM-41 with acidic properties and mesopores to the pyrolysis of waste AR, the levels of furan and aromatic hydrocarbons production increased with a concomitant decrease in the other oxygenates. The formation efficiency of furans was improved further by increasing the amount of Al-MCM-41 applied to the catalytic pyrolysis of waste AR.

Efficient extraction of basic, neutral, and weakly acidic drugs from plasma for analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Brooks ◽  
N B Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Plasma Sample ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acidic Drugs ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract We describe a method for efficiently extracting basic, neutral, and weakly acidic drugs from plasma for toxicological analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The 2-mL plasma sample is diluted with an equal volume of saturated NaCl containing triethylamine, 10 mmol/L, and then extracted twice with 4 mL of an equivolume solution of dichloromethane/acetone. The organic (top) phases are combined, then mixed with 1 mL of water, 200 mg of NaHCO3, and 100 microliters of acetic anhydride. This mixture is then heated at 75 degrees C until the solvents have boiled off and aqueous acetylation is complete (less than 30 min). After addition of 1 mL of water and 2 g of NaCl, the sample is extracted twice with 2 mL of dichloromethane/acetone (2/1 by vol). The combined extracts are dried and then subjected to thin-layer chromatography on a blank Toxi-Lab Toxi-A chromatogram with 1-chlorobutane as the developing solvent (about 6 min). After the lipids have migrated with the mobile phase, the drugs are eluted from the origin with acetone/triethylamine (29/1 by vol), evaporated, and reconstituted in injection solvent. With this procedure drugs are recovered relatively quickly (less than 2 h) and the GC/MS total ion chromatograms are very clean. Studies with 13 basic, neutral, and weakly acidic drugs showed that all except theophylline were extracted with recoveries of at least 75%.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Constituents of Eclipta Prostrata (L.) L. and Vernonia amygdalina Delile

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinola O. Ogunbinu ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Pier L. Cioni ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Sunday O. Okeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata

The chemical composition of the essential oils from the leaves and stem bark of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. and the aerial parts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) have been analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The investigation led to the identification of 33 and 30 compounds in the oils of the leaves and stem of E. prostrate, respectively, and 40 compounds in the oil of V. amygdalina. While the oil of the leaves of E. prostrata was highly dominated by sesquiterpenoids (89.3%), the stem bark was comprised of sesquiteprenoids (47.7%), straight chain hydrocarbons (25.6%) and monoterpenoids (11.1%). The main constituents of both oils were β-caryophyllene (47.7% and 15.9%) and α-humulene (31.8 and 12.9%) in the leaves and stem, respectively. In addition, ( E)-β-farnesene (10.0%) was also identified in significant amount in the stem bark. On the other hand, the major component of V. amygdalina oil was α-muurolol (45.7%).

EFFECT OF STEREOCHEMISTRY IN ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION MODIFIERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-336
Author(s):  
Terrence E. Hogan ◽  
Waruna Kiridena ◽  
Laura Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACT The influence of stereochemistry of polar modifiers on the microstructure of polybutadiene and poly(styrene-co-butadiene) was evaluated for 2,2′-ditetrahydrofurylpropane (DTHFP). The meso and d,l diastereomers were isolated from commercial 50/50 mixtures through column chromatography and characterized by 1H-NMR and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The meso-DTHFP was found to be more active than d,l-DTHFP in incorporation of vinyl during anionic polymerization. To form a polymer with approximately 55% vinyl, twice the amount of d,l-DTHFP was required compared with using pure meso-DTHFP. The mechanism for this effect will be discussed.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK SEBAGAI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP MORTALITAS KUTU DAUN PERSIK (Myzus persicae Sulz) PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsipcum annum L.)

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Made Dwi Desiyanti ◽  
I Made Dira Swantara ◽  
I Putu Sudiarta
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Metabolite Extraction

The study of isolation and identification of the active compounds of soursop (Annona muricata L.) leave extract were conducted . The metabolite extraction was conducted using maceration method with 96 % ethanol. The ethanol extract was used to test the mortility of aphid (Myzus persicae S.), with LC50 of 100 ppm. The n-hexane, chloroform, and n-buthanol were used to fractionate the ethanol extract. The mortality test of those three extracts showed the LC50 of 545.12 ppm, 136.26 ppm and 117.73 ppm, respectively. The n-butanol extract was separated using silica gel column chromatography with chloroform: ethanol: water (5:4:1), as the mobile phase. The fractions resulted were FI, FII, FIII, FIV and FV. The mortality test indicated that FII was the best with LC50 of 596.48 ppm. The FII was purified using silica gel column chromatography, resulting three fractions (FII.1, FII.2 and FII.3).  The mortality test of those fractions indicated that FII.2 showed the best result with LC50 of 601.17 ppm. The UV-Vis and IR spectra showed that FII.2 fraction contained flavonoides under the flavonon family.

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