A Study of the Relationship between Food Group Recommendations and Perceived Stress: Findings from Black Women in the Deep South

Black women in the Deep South experience excess morbidity/mortality from obesity-related diseases, which may be partially attributable to poor diet. One reason for poor dietary intake may be high stress, which has been associated with unhealthy diets in other groups. Limited data are available regarding dietary patterns of black women in the Deep South and to our knowledge no studies have been published exploring relationships between stress and dietary patterns among this group. This cross-sectional study explored the relationship between stress and adherence to food group recommendations among black women in the Deep South. Participants (n=355) provided demographic, anthropometric, stress (PSS-10), and dietary (NCI ASA-24 hour recall) data. Participants were obese (BMI = 36.5 kg/m2) and reported moderate stress (PSS-10 score = 16) and minimal adherence to Dietary Guidelines for Americans food group recommendations (1/3 did not meet recommendations for any food group). Participants reporting higher stress had higher BMIs than those reporting lower stress. There was no observed relationship between stress and dietary intake in this sample. Based on these study findings, which are limited by potential misreporting of dietary intake and limited variability in stress measure outcomes, there is insufficient evidence to support a relationship between stress and dietary intake.

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Dietary Quality is Associated with Reduced Risk of Diabetes among adults in Northern China: A Cross-sectional Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520004808 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

Siyue Tan ◽

Haiwen Lu ◽

Ruier Song ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Mingming Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

High Salt ◽

Diabetes Prevalence ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Abstract In this study, we analysed the prevalence of diabetes in Inner Mongolia and explored the relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes using the Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16). This study was a surveillance survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring among Chinese Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Dietary data were collected using the 24-h dietary recall and weighing method over 3 consecutive days. Dietary quality was evaluated via the DBI-16. A generalized linear model was used to examine the associations between the DBI-16 and dietary patterns. The relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes was analysed using logistic regression. In Inner Mongolia, the diabetes prevalence was 8.5%, and the estimated standardized prevalence was 6.0%. Four major dietary patterns were identified: ‘meat/dairy products’, ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’. Generalized linear models showed that the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced (βLBS = −1.993, βHBS = −0.206, βDQD = −2.199; all P<0.05) and was associated with a lower diabetes risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.565; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.338–0.945; P<0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders. The other three dietary patterns (i.e., ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’) exhibited relatively unbalanced dietary quality and were unassociated with diabetes risk. Diabetes prevalence in Inner Mongolia was moderate. The dietary quality of the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced and was correlated with a decreased risk of diabetes prevalence, suggesting that dietary quality may help decrease the diabetes prevalence and provide a suggestion for local dietary guidelines.

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Differences in Consumption of NASEM Priority Nutrients and Food Groups by Race/Ethnicity Among Women Living in WIC-Participating Households

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117120920849 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 791-795

Author(s):

Meghan C. Zimmer ◽

Veronica Rubio ◽

Kristina W. Kintziger ◽

Cristina Barroso

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

White Women ◽

Food Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Nutrition Messages ◽

Hispanic White

Purpose: To examine racial/ethnic differences in dietary intake of women in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants: Women 19 to 50 years of age living in WIC-participating households. Measures: Nutrient/food group intake from one 24-hour dietary recall. Analysis: Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between race/ethnicity and nutrient/food group intake. Results: Compared to non-Hispanic white women, Hispanic women had lower dietary energy density (1.7 ± 0.1 vs 2.2 ± 0.1 kcal/g, P < .001), and better nutrient intake, including more folate (429 ± 20 vs 364 ± 29 µg, P = .024), fiber (20.1 ± 0.9 vs 13.6 ± 0.9 g, P ≤ .001), and potassium (2575 ± 78 vs 2251 ± 66 mg, P = .012). This may be related to greater consumption of total vegetables (1.67 ± 0.16 vs 1.17 ± 0.17 cup equivalents [c-eq], P = .029), including more red and orange vegetables (0.64 ± 0.11 vs 0.32 vs 0.09 c-eq, P = .013) and more legumes (0.17 ± 0.04 vs 0.07 ± 0.02 c-eq, P = .006). Both Hispanic and non-Hispanic black women consumed more sodium (Hispanic: P = .015; non-Hispanic black: P = .008), but less added sugars (Hispanic: P ≤ .001; non-Hispanic black: P = .015), than non-Hispanic white women. Conclusion: These findings highlight differences in dietary intake by race/ethnicity and can inform nutrition messages of WIC nutrition educators and dietitians.

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Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene C677T Polymorphism–Dietary Pattern Interaction on Hyperhomocysteinemia in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.638322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Song Leng ◽

Ai Zhao ◽

Jian Zhang ◽

Wei Wu ◽

Qian Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Mthfr C677t ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Cross Sectional

Background and aim: Hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) has been recognized as a risk factor of several chronic diseases. There is accumulating evidence that both genetic and dietary factors had a notable impact on the risk of Hhcy. The present study aims to investigate the interaction effect on Hhcy between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism and dietary intake.Methods: Data were collected in a cross-sectional survey conducted in China; 3,966 participants with complete information on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and dietary intake were included in the analyses. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis combined with cluster analysis. Blood samples were collected and MTHFR C677T genotypes were tested. Both the multiplicative statistical model and the additive model were conducted to investigate the interactive effects.Results: Proportions of MTHFR C677T genotypes among participants were 29.2% for TT, 47.4% for CT, and 23.4% for CC. Three dietary patterns were identified, namely, the balanced pattern, the snack pattern, and the high-meat pattern. Compared with the balanced pattern, the other two patterns were associated with an elevated risk of Hhcy [the snack pattern: odds ratio (OR) 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.5; the high-meat pattern: OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6] after adjustment for age group, gender, residential region, and MTHFR C677T genotypes. A multiplicative interaction between the high-meat pattern and MTHFR 677TT genotype was observed, and synergistic effects between both the snack pattern and the high-meat pattern with MTHFR 677TT were identified.Conclusion: Our results indicated that MTHFR C677T polymorphism and dietary patterns had interactive effects on Hhcy among the Chinese population. Subsequent targeted and appropriate dietary guidelines should be recommended for high-risk populations or patients of Hhcy carrying specific genotypes.

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Do older Chinese people’s diets meet the Chinese Food Pagoda guidelines? Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000129 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 3020-3030 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xiaoyue Xu ◽

John Hall ◽

Julie Byles ◽

Zumin Shi

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Food Groups ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Older Chinese ◽

Chinese Food

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate dietary intake based on the Chinese Food Pagoda (CFP) and to determine what factors may be associated with adherence to CFP guidelines for older Chinese.DesignThis cross-sectional population-based study used 24 h recall over three consecutive days to assess dietary intake and adherence to CFP among older Chinese participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009.SettingNine provinces across four diverse regions (Northeast, East Coast, Central and West).SubjectsA total of 2745 older Chinese, aged 60–69 years (n 1563) and ≥70 years (n 1182), with dietary data.ResultsNone of the participants reached all ten food group recommendations. More than half of the participants exceeded the recommended amount for grains (63 %), oil (62·8 %) and salt (55·7 %). Ten per cent of the participants consumed dairy, while merely 0·5 % met the recommended amount. Average Chinese Food Pagoda Score (CFPS) was 3·3 in men and 3·5 in women, far below the maximum possible score of 10. Women had 0·26 higher CFPS than men (P<0·001; 95 % CI 0·16, 0·36). People living in medium and high urbanicity areas had significantly higher scores than those living in low urbanicity areas (P<0·001). Also, there were significant differences in CFPS according to gender, BMI, work status, education level and region.ConclusionsFew older Chinese are meeting the intake of the various food groups based on the recommendations in the CFP guidelines, thus increasing the risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. Action is needed to increase dissemination and uptake of nutrition education, with interventions targeted at socio-economic regions. Moreover, specific dietary guidelines for older Chinese people should be developed.

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Dietary intake among under-, normal- and overweight 9- and 15-year-old Estonian and Swedish schoolchildren

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007352476 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 311-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Inga Villa ◽

Agneta Yngve ◽

Eric Poortvliet ◽

Andrej Grjibovski ◽

Krystiine Liiv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Age Groups ◽

Meat Products ◽

Food Group ◽

Biological Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Food ◽

Country Specific

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the differences in macronutrient and food group contribution to total food and energy intakes between Estonian and Swedish under-, normal- and overweight schoolchildren, and to estimate the association between diet and body mass index (BMI).DesignCross-sectional comparison between Estonian and Swedish children and adolescents of different BMI groups.SettingTwenty-five schools from one region in Estonia and 42 in two regions of central Sweden.SubjectsIn total 2308 participants (1176 from Estonia and 1132 from Sweden), including 1141 children with a mean age of 9.6 ± 0.5 years and 1167 adolescents with a mean age of 15.5 ± 0.6 years.ResultsOverweight was more prevalent among younger girls in Sweden (17.0 vs. 8.9%) and underweight among girls of both age groups in Estonia (7.9 vs. 3.5% in younger and 10.5 vs. 5.1% in older age group of girls). Compared with that of normal- and underweight peers, the diet of overweight Estonian children contained more energy as fat (36.8 vs. 31.7%) but less as carbohydrates, and they consumed more milk and meat products. Absolute BMI of Estonian participants was associated positively with energy consumption from eggs and negatively with energy consumption from sweets and sugar. Swedish overweight adolescents tended to consume more energy from protein and milk products. Risk of being overweight was positively associated with total energy intake and energy from fish or meat products. In both countries the association of overweight and biological factors (pubertal maturation, parental BMI) was stronger than with diet.ConclusionThe finding that differences in dietary intake between under-, normal- and overweight schoolchildren are country-specific suggests that local dietary habits should be considered in intervention projects addressing overweight.

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Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514002098 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (8) ◽

pp. 1364-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Janett Barbaresko ◽

Sabine Siegert ◽

Manja Koch ◽

Imke Aits ◽

Wolfgang Lieb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Processed Meat ◽

German Population ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

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A short food-group-based dietary questionnaire is reliable and valid for assessing toddlers' dietary risk in relatively advantaged samples

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514001184 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 627-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lucinda K. Bell ◽

Rebecca K. Golley ◽

Anthea M. Magarey

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Risk Category ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Dietary Risk ◽

Highly Correlated

Identifying toddlers at dietary risk is crucial for determining who requires intervention to improve dietary patterns and reduce health consequences. The objectives of the present study were to develop a simple tool that assesses toddlers' dietary risk and investigate its reliability and validity. The nineteen-item Toddler Dietary Questionnaire (TDQ) is informed by dietary patterns observed in Australian children aged 14 (n552) and 24 (n493) months and the Australian dietary guidelines. It assesses the intake of ‘core’ food groups (e.g. fruit, vegetables and dairy products) and ‘non-core’ food groups (e.g. high-fat, high-sugar and/or high-salt foods and sweetened beverages) over the previous 7 d, which is then scored against a dietary risk criterion (0–100; higher score = higher risk). Parents of toddlers aged 12–36 months (Socio-Economic Index for Areas decile range 5–9) were asked to complete the TDQ for their child (n111) on two occasions, 3·2 (sd1·8) weeks apart, to assess test–retest reliability. They were also asked to complete a validated FFQ from which the risk score was calculated and compared with the TDQ-derived risk score (relative validity). Mean scores were highly correlated and not significantly different for reliability (intra-class correlation = 0·90, TDQ1 30·2 (sd8·6)v. TDQ2 30·9 (sd8·9);P= 0·14) and validity (r0·83, average TDQ ((TDQ1+TDQ2)/2) 30·5 (sd8·4)v. FFQ 31·4 (sd8·1);P= 0·05). All the participants were classified into the same (reliability 75 %; validity 79 %) or adjacent (reliability 25 %; validity 21 %) risk category (low (0–24), moderate (25–49), high (50–74) and very high (75–100)). Overall, the TDQ is a valid and reliable screening tool for identifying at-risk toddlers in relatively advantaged samples.

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Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4382

Author(s):

Farhad Vahid ◽

Alex Brito ◽

Gwenaëlle Le Coroller ◽

Michel Vaillant ◽

Hanen Samouda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Food Group ◽

High Energy ◽

Population Based ◽

Food Composition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

Total Fat

Background: A balanced diet is an important lifestyle component and has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Objectives: To assess dietary intake of adult residents in Luxembourg taking part in two population-based cross-sectional studies (ORISCAV-LUX, 2007–2008 and ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017). Methods: Dietary intake of the study participants (1242 in 2007/08 and 1326 in 2016/17), 25–69 years old, were evaluated using food-frequency questionnaires (134 items in 2007/2008 and 174 items in 2016/2017) according to the French ANSES-CIQUAL food composition database. Both food-group- and nutrient-based analyses were conducted. Results: Dietary patterns in ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017, were characterized by an increase in the estimated marginal means (EMM) of the intake of energy, total fat, saturated fatty acids, alcohol, and decreased EMM of total carbohydrates, magnesium, and calcium compared to 2007/08. We also observed an increased EMM of the intake of protein-rich food items and ready-to-eat foods/fast foods, together with a decreased intake of grains, dairy products, and vegetables (all p-values <0.05, linear mixed models). The intake of most micronutrients was stable or slightly increased in ORISCAV-LUX 2 vs. ORISCAV-LUX, except for the drop in magnesium and calcium, and generally met recommendations, in particular, EFSA population reference intakes (PRI), except for vitamin D. Conclusions: Though most micronutrient recommendations were met, nutrient consumption in terms of high energy, total fat, and sodium, as well as low carbohydrates, were not aligned with recommendations for balanced eating.

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The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adolescent Girls

Journal of Nutrition and Food Security ◽

10.18502/jnfs.v5i2.2798 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vahideh Banazadeh ◽

Najmeh Jaberi ◽

Fatemeh Hoseinkhani ◽

Mohammad Bagherniya ◽

Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

The Relationship

Background: Dietary factors are associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults, but no studies have ever investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of IBS among adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total of 750 adolescent girls aged 12 to 18 years old were recruited using a random cluster sampling method from several schools in different areas of Mashhad city, Iran. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the modified version of Rome III questionnaire were administered to assess the participants' dietary intakes and IBS, respectively. Socio-demographic data and anthropometric variables were also obtained. Factor analysis was performed to identify major dietary patterns. Results: The dietary patterns of healthy, mix, and western were identified in this study. An inverse non-significant association was also observed between the healthy dietary pattern and IBS (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.47-1.48). The relationship of IBS prevalence with mix and western dietary patterns was also non-significant. Conclusions: No statistically significant associations were found between dietary patterns and IBS among Iranian girl adolescents. Further studies, particularly longitudinal intervention studies with a larger sample size are required in this area.

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P0753HOW FREQUENTLY PATIENTS WITH RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ACHIEVE RECOMMENDATIONS OF FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0753 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Corona Rodríguez ◽

Roxana Michel Márquez Herrera ◽

Laura Cortés Sanabria ◽

Gabriela Karen Nuñez Murillo ◽

Erika Fabiola Gomez Garcia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Fast Food ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Food Group ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and Aims Risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), high blood pressure (HBP) and obesity are strongly related to negative lifestyle and nutritional habits. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of patients with and without risk factors for CKD who meet recommendations for food consumption. Method Cross-sectional study. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied. Consumption of each food group was classified as adequate or inadequate based on dietary guidelines (DASH and ENSANUT Mexican Guidelines). Sociodemographic, biochemical and clinical variables were measured. DM2, HBP and obesity were defined as risk factors. Results 744 adults were evaluated, age 51±16 y, 68% women, 59% without risk factors, 7% DM2, 17% HBP, 8% DM2+HBP, and 18% obesity. Glomerular filtration rate was 99 (89-100) mL/min/1.73m2. Differences in FFQ between groups were found in relation to consumption of legumes, fast food, sugar, sweets and desserts (p<0.05). Figure A shows the frequency of consumption of healthy and B, unhealthy foods. Conclusion In general, subjects in this sample had negative dietary habits, with <50% consuming healthy food and >50% consuming unhealthy food. Subjects without risk factors for CKD displayed a similar pattern of food consumption than those with risk factors, with only a significantly lower legumes intake than patients with HBP, and higher intake of sweets and desserts, sugar, and fast food compared to patients with DM2+HBP. It is necessary to implement strategies to prevent the long-term development of CKD in groups with poor adherence to healthy food consumption recommendations.

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