Regeneration of Spent Lubricant Refining Clays by Solvent Extraction

Step-by-step solvent extraction was used to regenerate spent clay by recovering the adsorbed oil in lubricating oil refining clay. Several polar and nonpolar solvents were tested, and petroleum ether (90–120°C) and ethanol (95 v%) were selected as the nonpolar and polar solvents, respectively. The spent clay was first extracted using petroleum ether (90–120°C) to obtain ideal oil and then extracted with a mixed solvent of petroleum ether (90–120°C) and ethanol (95 v%) two or three times to obtain nonideal oil before being extracted with ethanol and water. Finally, the clay was dried at 130°C to obtain regenerated clay. The total oil recovery can be more than 99 wt% of the adsorbed oil. The recovered ideal oil can be used as lubricating base oil. Shorter storage times for spent clay produce better regeneration results. The regenerated clay can be reused to refine the lubricating base oils.

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Regeneration of used engine lubricating oil by solvent extraction

Analele Universitatii Ovidius Constanta - Seria Chimie ◽

10.2478/v10310-012-0025-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 149-154

Author(s):

Ancaelena-Eliza Sterpu ◽

Anca Iuliana Dumitru ◽

Mihai-Florinel Popa

Keyword(s):

Solvent Extraction ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Vacuum Distillation ◽

Product Yield ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Lubricating Oils ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Used Oil ◽

Incomplete Removal ◽

Pre Treatment

AbstractHuge amounts of used lubricating oils from automotive sources are disposed of as a harmful waste into the environment. For this reason, means to recover and reuse these wastes need to be found. Problems arising from acid treatment include environmental problems associated with the disposal of acid sludge and spent earth, low product yield (45-65%) and incomplete removal of metals. The processes of re-refining of used lubricating oils depend greatly on the nature of the oil base stock and on the nature and amount of contaminants in the lubricant resulting from operations. The study was carried out on a sample of 15W40 type used oil collected from one automobile. The re-refining process of used oil consists of dehydration, solvent extraction, solvent stripping and vacuum distillation. This study aims to investigate a process of solvent extraction of an alcohol-ketone mixture as a pre-treatment step followed by vacuum distillation at 5 mmHg. The primary step was conducted before the solvent extraction that involves dehydration to remove the water and fuel contaminants from the used oil by vacuum distillation. The solvent extraction and vacuum distillation steps were used to remove higher molecular weight contaminants. The investigated solvent to oil ratios were 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The solvent composition is 25% 2-propanol, 50% 1- butanol and 25% butanone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). The percentage of oil recovery for the solvent to oil ratio of 6:1 is further improved, but for the ratio values higher than 6:1, operation was considered economically not feasible. Finally, the re-refined oil properties were compared with the commercial virgin lubricating oil properties.

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Base oil recovery from waste lubricant oil by polar solvent extraction intensified by ultrasound

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-15582-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomas S. Lins ◽

Gleiciane Pisoler ◽

Gabriel T. Druzian ◽

Luana Negris ◽

Paulo A. P. Decote ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solvent Extraction ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Polar Solvent ◽

Base Oil ◽

Lubricant Oil ◽

Waste Lubricant Oil

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Tribological Properties of Zirconium Oxide, Spinel and Mullite Nanopowders as Lubricating Oil Additives

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.721.451 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 721 ◽

pp. 451-455

Author(s):

Armands Leitans ◽

Eriks Palcevskis

Keyword(s):

Tribological Properties ◽

Zirconium Oxide ◽

Friction Pair ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Nanosized Powders ◽

Base Oil ◽

Oil Additives ◽

Oxide Spinel ◽

Lubricating Oil Additives

In work investigated effects of zirconium oxide (ZrO2), spinel (MgAl2O4) and mullite (Al6Si2O13) nanosized powders on the base oil tribological properties. The nanosized (30-40nm) powders manufactured by plasma chemical synthesis method. Tribological experiments used on ball-on-disc type tribometer, measured coefficient of friction and determined metalic disc wear. Base oil used selectively purified mineral oil (conform SAE-20 viscosity) without any functional additives. Nanosized powders dispersed in base oil at 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; wt.%. At work cocluded, that the adition nanoparticles in base oil, possible reduced friction pair wear and friction coefficient. As the main results include spinel (MgAl2O4) nanoparticles 0.5 and 1.0 wt. % concentration ability reduced friction coeffiecient value.

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Experimental Study on the Tribological Characteristics of Nanometer WS2 Lubricating Oil Additive Based on Engine Oil

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.203 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 328-330 ◽

pp. 203-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cheng Bin Chen ◽

Da Heng Mao ◽

Chen Shi ◽

Yang Liu

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Contrast Study ◽

Base Oil ◽

Grinding Conditions ◽

Lubricating Oil Additive ◽

Great Wall ◽

Better Than

Nano-WS2(tungsten disulfide nanoparticles)lubricating oil additive, prepared by the nanometer WS2particulates and semi-synthetic engine base oil as raw materials, was added into Great Wall engine oil with different mass ratio. With a contrast study on these oil samples, the results show that it can improve the extreme pressure, antiwear and viscosity-temperature properties of the engine oil effectively by adding a certain amount of nano-WS2additive, and the optimal concentration is 2wt%. The oil film strength, sintering load and viscosity index of this lubricating oil is respectively 1.35 times, 1.58 times and 1.05 times as that of Great Wall engine oil. In addition, when tested under the grinding conditions of 392 N, 1450 r /min and 30 min, the diameter of worn spot reduces 0.018mm, and the average friction coefficients of friction pairs decrease 16.3%, both of which are lubricated by the oil containing nano-WS2additive. Meanwhile, the experiments testify that the tribological and viscosity-temperature properties of the nano-WS2additive are better than that of the Henkel MoS2additive.

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Experimental Study on Reducing CO2–Oil Minimum Miscibility Pressure with Hydrocarbon Agents

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12101975 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1975 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Junrong Liu ◽

Lu Sun ◽

Zunzhao Li ◽

Xingru Wu

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Co2 Flooding ◽

Oil Viscosity ◽

Injection Wells ◽

Boiling Range ◽

Minimum Miscibility Pressure ◽

Soluble Surfactants

CO2 flooding is an important method for improving oil recovery for reservoirs with low permeability. Even though CO2 could be miscible with oil in regions nearby injection wells, the miscibility could be lost in deep reservoirs because of low pressure and the dispersion effect. Reducing the CO2–oil miscibility pressure can enlarge the miscible zone, particularly when the reservoir pressure is less than the needed minimum miscible pressure (MMP). Furthermore, adding intermediate hydrocarbons in the CO2–oil system can also lower the interfacial tension (IFT). In this study, we used dead crude oil from the H Block in the X oilfield to study the IFT and the MMP changes with different hydrocarbon agents. The hydrocarbon agents, including alkanes, alcohols, oil-soluble surfactants, and petroleum ethers, were mixed with the crude oil samples from the H Block, and their performances on reducing CO2–oil IFT and CO2–oil MMP were determined. Experimental results show that the CO2–oil MMP could be reduced by 6.19 MPa or 12.17% with petroleum ether in the boiling range of 30–60 °C. The effects of mass concentration of hydrocarbon agents on CO2–oil IFT and crude oil viscosity indicate that the petroleum ether in the boiling range of 30–60 °C with a mass concentration of 0.5% would be the best hydrocarbon agent for implementing CO2 miscible flooding in the H Block.

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Asphaltene Deposition Induced by Carbon Oxide and its Influence on Displacement Efficiency

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2451 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 594-597 ◽

pp. 2451-2454

Author(s):

Feng Lan Zhao ◽

Ji Rui Hou ◽

Shi Jun Huang

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Carbon Oxide ◽

Viscosity Reduction ◽

Core Flooding ◽

Displacement Efficiency ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Oil Viscosity ◽

Asphaltene Deposition ◽

Total Oil

CO2is inclined to dissolve in crude oil in the reservoir condition and accordingly bring the changes in the crude oil composition, which will induce asphaltene deposition and following formation damage. In this paper, core flooding device is applied to study the effect of asphaltene deposition on flooding efficiency. From the flooding results, dissolution of CO2into oil leads to recovery increase because of crude oil viscosity reduction. But precipitated asphaltene particles may plug the pores and throats, which will make the flooding effects worse. Under the same experimental condition and with equivalent crude oil viscosity, the recovery of oil with higher proportion of precipitated asphaltene was relatively lower during the CO2flooding, so the asphltene precipitation would affect CO2displacement efficiSubscript textency and total oil recovery to some extent. Combination of static diffusion and dynamic oil flooding would provide basic parameters for further study of the CO2flooding mechanism and theoretical evidence for design of CO2flooding programs and forecasting of asphaltene deposition.

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Liquefaction Properties of Alanine Hydrosulfate Ionic Liquid on Pine

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.177 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 525 ◽

pp. 177-180

Author(s):

Jian Hua Huang ◽

Hong Lu Xie ◽

Guo Feng Zou

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Orthogonal Experiment ◽

Hydrogen Sulfate ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Polar Solvents ◽

Orthogonal Experiment Design ◽

Nonpolar Solvents ◽

Strong Acidity

Ionic liquid containing alanine cations and hydrogen sulfate was synthesized using alanine and sulfuric acid as materials. Fourier Transform Infrared Specctrometer was used to verify the final product. The results showed that the objective product was developed successfully. General properties of the final product were detected. The results showed that strong acidity, large viscosity, soluble in polar solvents and insoluble in nonpolar solvents were the products properties which were suitable for liquefying. The liquefaction rate of ionic liquid on pine was studied. Study the optimum liquefaction condition using the method of orthogonal experiment design. By stirring at 120°C for 2 hours using ionic liquid with the concentration of 80% and with the mass ratio of 30, liquefaction rate of ionic liquid on pine was high.

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Environmental Impact Assessment on the Project of Aulidan Lubricating Oil Plant in Jieyang

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1644 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 1644-1647

Author(s):

Jian She Yang ◽

Zhen Ni Liu

Keyword(s):

Impact Assessment ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Local Environment ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Environment Impact ◽

Development Zone ◽

Base Oil ◽

Oil Additives ◽

Environment Impact Assessment ◽

Economic Development Zone

Environment impact assessment has been done in the paper by using the method of investigation on spot and indoor analysis, in order to study and affect on Aolidan lubricating oil factory projects construction to Jieyang city. Once putting into production ,this project may have detrimental influence on the local environment such as: Guangdong Oita Industry Co. Ltd. in Jiedong Economic Development Zone, the middle of the south side of the new cross road of lube oil blending plant, covers an area of 33000 square meters, of which construction area of 22000 square meters.After the completion of the project, with annual 17482.99 tons of base oil, additives, 2000 tons, 400 tons and 200 tons of emulsifier, assistant, production of finished oil 20000 tons. During the construction period and the operation of the plant, the waste gas, sewage, noise impact on the surrounding environment, should be controlled by counter water pollution , air pollution, noise pollution and solid waste emissions scheme and measures, in order to follow the national and local regulations.

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