scholarly journals Temporal Auditory Processing and Phonological Awareness in Children with Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. R. Amaral ◽  
R. L. Casali ◽  
M. Boscariol ◽  
L. L. Lunardi ◽  
M. M. Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Auditory Temporal Processing ◽  
Noise Test ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this research was to analyze temporal auditory processing and phonological awareness in school-age children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS). Patient group (GI) consisted of 13 children diagnosed with BECTS. Control group (GII) consisted of 17 healthy children. After neurological and peripheral audiological assessment, children underwent a behavioral auditory evaluation and phonological awareness assessment. The procedures applied were: Gaps-in-Noise test (GIN), Duration Pattern test, and Phonological Awareness test (PCF). Results were compared between the groups and a correlation analysis was performed between temporal tasks and phonological awareness performance. GII performed significantly better than the children with BECTS (GI) in both GIN and Duration Pattern test (P<0.001). GI performed significantly worse in all of the 4 categories of phonological awareness assessed: syllabic (P=0.001), phonemic (P=0.006), rhyme (P=0.015) and alliteration (P=0.010). Statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the phonological awareness assessment and Duration Pattern test (P<0.001). From the analysis of the results, it was concluded that children with BECTS may have difficulties in temporal resolution, temporal ordering, and phonological awareness skills. A correlation was observed between auditory temporal processing and phonological awareness in the suited sample.

Reference values of selected auditory temporal processing tests for Polish school children

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Włodarczyk ◽  
Agata Szkiełkowska ◽  
Adam Piłka
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Frequency Pattern ◽  
Auditory Temporal Processing ◽  
Sound Sensitivity

Introduction: Distorted processing of auditory information has a negative impact on the child’s cognitive development. There are only a few studies conducted by Polish researchers determining the normative values of psychoacoustic tests in auditory processing disorders. They are inconsistent due to different methodologies and different research protocols. Objective: The aim of the work was to determine the reference values of selected psychoacoustic tests for the population of Polish children between 7 and 12 years of age. Material and method: The study group consisted of 213 healthy children from 7 to 12 years of age. The condition for including the child in the study was an intellectual norm, proper sound sensitivity, proper development of children’s voice and speech. All children underwent two auditory temporal processing tests. The diagnostic procedure used a standardized Frequency Pattern Test (FPT) and Duration Pattern Test (DPT). The tests were carried out in accordance with the authors' recommendations, using the original versions available on the CD for 60 dB SL intensity, simultaneously for the right and left ear. Results: The reference values for FPT and DPT tests were determined at various age ranges in children aged 7-12. It has been shown that auditory functions change with age and development of the child. Reference values including age, language, cultural and educational differences were prepared. Conclusions: The development of reference values for individual tests for the Polish children population is a key element in the reliable diagnosis of auditory processing.

scholarly journals Association between auditory temporal and visual processing in reading skill

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carla Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Douglas de Araújo Vilhena ◽  
Márcia Reis Guimarães ◽  
Ângela Maria Vieira Pinheiro ◽  
Teresa Maria Momensohn-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Temporal Processing ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Colored Overlays ◽  
Visual Stress

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify whether students screened with altered auditory temporal processing are more likely to present altered visual processing. Methods: the sample consisted of 68 children, aged from 9 to 12 years, 53% males, from the 5th and 6th grades of a public school. All children with alterations in the audiological or ophthalmological evaluation were excluded. The Duration Pattern Test (screening for auditory temporal skill), the Reading Perceptual Scale (visual stress symptom questionnaire and colored overlays selection) and the Rate of Reading Test (number of words correctly read per minute) were used. Appropriate statistical tests were applied adopting the significance level lower than 0.05. Results: participants screened with abnormal auditory processing had higher visual stress symptoms and lower reading rate, with a significant and moderate effect (p< 0.05; d< 0.71), when compared to their peers with normal auditory processing. Among the children with altered Duration Pattern Test, 58% improved the reading rate with the use of colored overlays, whereas 29% did so in the control group (Odds Ratio = 3.4, p = 0.017). Conclusion: children screened with altered auditory temporal processing presented a three times higher possibility of association with visual processing alterations, due to shared magnocellular system.

scholarly journals The Relation between Physiological Parameters and Colour Modifications in Text Background and Overlay during Reading in Children with and without Dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Tamara Jakovljević ◽  
Milica M. Janković ◽  
Andrej M. Savić ◽  
Ivan Soldatović ◽  
Gordana Čolić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixation Duration ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
White Colour ◽  
Saccade Duration ◽  
40 Hz

Reading is one of the essential processes during the maturation of an individual. It is estimated that 5–10% of school-age children are affected by dyslexia, the reading disorder characterised by difficulties in the accuracy or fluency of word recognition. There are many studies which have reported that coloured overlays and background could improve the reading process, especially in children with reading disorders. As dyslexia has neurobiological origins, the aim of the present research was to understand the relationship between physiological parameters and colour modifications in the text and background during reading in children with and without dyslexia. We have measured differences in electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV), electrodermal activities (EDA) and eye movements of the 36 school-age (from 8 to 12 years old) children (18 with dyslexia and 18 of control group) during the reading task in 13 combinations of background and overlay colours. Our findings showed that the dyslexic children have longer reading duration, fixation count, fixation duration average, fixation duration total, and longer saccade count, saccade duration total, and saccade duration average while reading on white and coloured background/overlay. It was found that the turquoise background, turquoise overlay, and yellow background colours are beneficial for dyslexic readers, as they achieved the shortest time duration of the reading tasks when these colours were used. Additionally, dyslexic children have higher values of beta (15–40 Hz) and the broadband EEG (0.5–40 Hz) power while reading in one particular colour (purple), as well as increasing theta range power while reading with the purple overlay. We have observed no significant differences between HRV parameters on white colour, except for single colours (purple, turquoise overlay, and yellow overlay) where the control group showed higher values for mean HR, while dyslexic children scored higher with mean RR. Regarding EDA measure, we found systematically lower values in children with dyslexia in comparison to the control group. Based on the present results, we can conclude that both pastel and intense background/overlays are beneficial for reading of both groups and all sensor modalities could be used to better understand the neurophysiological origins in dyslexic children.

Reading Development in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Palate With or Without Cleft Lip: Meta-analysis and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110398
Author(s):  
Hope Sparks Lancaster ◽  
Kari M. Lien ◽  
Jordan Haas ◽  
Paige Ellis ◽  
Nancy J. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Word Decoding

Objective We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of literature comparing pre-reading and general reading in school-age children with nonsyndromic cleft palate with or without cleft lip (NSCP/L) to their peers without NSCP/L. Methods Our literature search identified 1238 possible records. After screening we identified 11 samples for inclusion for systematic review and eight for meta-analysis. We compared 292 children with NSCP/L to 311 peers for 23 pre-reading effect sizes and 17 general reading effect sizes (EFg). We conducted a random-effects metaregression using robust variance estimation. Results On average school-age children with NSCP/L scored lower on pre-reading (EFg = −0.36) and general reading measures (EFg = −0.38) compared to their peers. We conducted post-hoc analyses on phonological awareness and word decoding effect sizes; children with NSCP/L performed lower on phonological awareness (EFg = −0.22) and word decoding (EFg = −0.39) compared to their peers. There was weak evidence that hearing status and/or speech-language functioning might moderate reading development. There was limited evidence that age or socioeconomic status moderated reading development. However, samples did not consistently report several characteristics that were coded for this project. Conclusions Our findings suggest that school-age children with NSCP/L have persistent reading problems. Further research is needed to explore reading development in children with NSCP/L, as well as the relationships among hearing, speech, language, and reading development.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE BERNYANYI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN CUCI TANGAN PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Aminingsih ◽  
Warsini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Central Java Province

Latar belakang : kebiasaan cuci tangan yang benar sangat penting. Namun menurut Badan Pusat Statistik kebiasaan cuci tangan yang benar di Provinsi Jawa Tengah belum maksimal yaitu sebesar 53,6%. Dari observasi yang dilakukan peneliti di Dusun Ngegot Kabupaten Karanganyar masih terlihat bahwa beberapa anak saat membeli jajanan langsung mengonsumsi jajanan tersebut tanpa mencuci tangan terlebih dahulu, padahal masing-masing rumah sudah menyediakan tempat cuci tangan di depan rumah. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode bernyanyi terhadap kemampuan cuci tangan pada anak usia sekolah. Metode : penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain pre-post experimental control design untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode bernyanyi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan cuci tangan anak usia sekolah. Hasil : hasil pretest pada kelompok perlakuan terdapat 93,3% anak yang tidak mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan 6,7% anak yang mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan hasil posttest  terdapat 20% anak yang tidak mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan 80% anak yang mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol hasil pretest terdapat 93,3% anak yang tidak mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan 6,7% anak yang mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan hasil posttest  terdapat 60% anak yang tidak mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar dan 40% anak yang mampu melakukan cuci tangan dengan benar. Dengan menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney diperoleh hasil p = 0,028. Kesimpulan : penerapan metode bernyanyi efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mencuci tangan. Kata kunci : kemampuan mencuci tangan, metode bernyanyi, penerapan   Background : correct hand washing habits are very important. However, according to the Central Statistics Agency, the correct habit of washing hands in Central Java Province is not maximal, namely at 53.6%. From observations made by researchers in Ngegot, Karanganyar Regency, it is still seen that some children when buying snacks immediately consume these snacks without washing their hands first, even though each house has provided a place to wash their hands in front of the house. The aims of the study : this is to determine the effect of the singing method on the ability to wash hands in school age children. Method. This research is an experimental study with a pre-post experimental control design to determine the effect of the singing method in improving the ability of school age children to wash their hands. Result : the pretest results in the treatment group were 93.3% of children who were unable to wash their hands properly and 6.7% of children who were able to wash their hands properly and posttest results there were 20% of children who were unable to wash their hands properly and 80% children who are able to wash their hands properly. Whereas in the control group, the pretest results were 93.3% of the children who were unable to wash their hands properly and 6.7% of the children who were able to wash their hands properly and the posttest results there were 60% of the children who were unable to wash their hands properly and 40 % of children who are able to wash their hands properly. By using the Mann Whitney test the result was p = 0.028. Conclusion : the application of the singing method is effective in improving the ability to wash hands. Key words: ability to wash hands, singing method, application

scholarly journals Relevance of the Problem of Myopia in School-age Children with Signs of Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2S) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
V. V. Li ◽  
G. P. Smoliakova ◽  
V. V. Egorov ◽  
O. I. Kashura
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Myopia ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Purpose:to study the frequency and structure of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in school-age children with myopia, their relationship to choroidal thickness and course of myopia.Patients and methods. The object of study was 120 children (240 eyes) aged 11–13 years with school axial myopia (axial length (AL) from 24.5 to 26.0 mm). Special ophthalmological examination included optical coherent tomography of macular zone (“RTVue 100” Optovue, USA) and “Cross Line” scan for measuring choroidal thickness in foveal area and 1000 μm from it in nasal and temporal regions.Results.According to studies, the phenotypic signs of UCTD were diagnosed in 56 children (46.7%) with school myopia, the largest group included phenotypic signs of locomotor syndrome; 14 children (25%) had a weak degree of UCTD, 34 children (60.7%) — moderate degree and 8 children (14.3%) — pronounced degree. Comparative characteristic of changes in choroidal thickness detected a high degree of interrelation between the severity of clinical manifestations of UCTD and the level of decrease in blood-flow in the choroid. In children of the main group with signs of UCTD, the annual growth of AL exceeded the same parameters in children of the control group by more than 2.5 times (p < 0.05); due of accumulation of phenotypic signs of UCTD, a more noticeable tendency to decrease of choroidal thickness and the increase of AL was observed (p < 0.05). The statistical analysis confirmed the presence of significant negative correlation between the decrease in average thickness index in segment of the macular map and the degree of increase of AL (p < 0.05).Conclusions. According to results of diagnostic screening, in 46.7% children with school myopia, we detected phenotypic signs of UCTD. The method of optical coherence tomography showed that with increasing severity of UCTD, indexes of choroidal thickness in the macular zone are significant decreased. In the catamnesis (duration 1 year), it was found that in children with myopia with moderate and pronounced degrees of UCTD, increase of AL is associated with degree of thinning choroidal thickness, which indicates violations of biomechanical status of sclera. 

THE PREVALENCE OF INTRADERMAL SENSITIVITY TO VARIOUS MYCOBACTERIAL ANTIGENS IN A GROUP OF HEALTHY CHILDREN IN SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-387
Author(s):  
Henry G. Cramblett ◽  
C. M. F. Siewers ◽  
Elizabeth W. Edmond ◽  
Jeanette Crews
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Children's Home ◽  
White School ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens

Two hundred seventy-four healthy white school-age children residing in a children's home in northwestern North Carolina were tested intradermally with 5 tuberculin units of PPD-Watson (Group II), PPD-Battey (Group III), PPD-S (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), and PPD-Phlei (Group IV). Ninety per cent of the children had at least one positive reaction (2 mm or more of mean induration) at one or more of five readings (24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr, 96 hr, and 168 hr). The most frequent reactions were to PPD-Watson. In 22 children, positive responses to PPD-S were probably cross-reactions as a result of infection with one or more atypical mycobacteria.

scholarly journals Physical Fitness of School-Age Children after Cancer Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Malicka ◽  
Joanna Mrowiec ◽  
Natalia Sajkiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Siewierska ◽  
Maria Czajkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
After Cancer

The aim of the study was to assess physical fitness of school-age children after cancer treatment. The study was comprised of one hundred and fifty six children—children after cancer treatment (n = 71, mean age 11.22 ± 3.11 years) vs. healthy children previously untreated for cancer (n = 85, mean age 10.71 ± 1.22 years). Physical fitness was assessed indirectly based on a ball throw (assessment of strength, coordination, and upper limb speed), long jump (assessment of jumping ability, speed, and coordination), and a 60 m run (assessment of speed). The analysis was performed based on the Student’s t-test for independent samples and the analysis of variance and the post-hoc least significant difference test (LSD test). Children from the study group threw the ball closer and had shorter long jump performance compared to the control group, i.e., 12.93 [m] vs. 19.79 [m], respectively (p < 0.001) and 2.46 [m] vs. 2.70 [m], respectively (p = 0.02). However, their mean running time was longer, i.e., 13.33 [s] vs. 11.73 [s], respectively (p = 0.01). Division according to sex showed additionally significantly shorter ball throw distance in the study group in both girls (p = 0.001) and boys (p < 0.001), significantly shorter jump length in the group of girls (p = 0.01), and significantly longer running time in the group of boys (p = 0.04). Children treated for cancer are characterized by decreased physical fitness, and motor ability is sex-dependent. Both groups showed decreased strength, coordination, and upper limb speed. Additionally, worse jumping ability was found in girls whereas decreased speed was observed in boys.

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