scholarly journals Decreased Expression of GPER1 Gene and Protein in Goiter

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Weber ◽  
Ana Paula Santin Bertoni ◽  
Laura Walter Bessestil ◽  
Ilma Simoni Brum ◽  
Tania Weber Furlanetto
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Goiter is more common in women, suggesting that estrogen could be involved in its physiopathology. The presence of classical estrogen receptors (ERαand ERβ) has been described in thyroid tissue, suggesting a direct effect of estrogen on the gland. A nonclassic estrogen receptor, the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER1), has been described recently in several tissues. However, in goiter, the presence of this receptor has not been studied yet. We investigated GPER1 gene and protein expressions in normal thyroid and goiter using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. In normal thyroid (n=16) and goiter (n=19), GPER1 gene was expressed in all samples, while GPER1 protein was expressed in all samples of normal thyroid (n=15) but in only 72% of goiter samples (n=13). When comparing GPER1 gene and protein levels in both conditions, gene expression and protein levels were higher in normal thyroid than in goiter, suggesting a role of this receptor in this condition. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of GPER1 in normal thyroid and goiter.

scholarly journals Expression Pattern of G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Myometrium of Uteri with and without Adenomyosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jiao Li ◽  
Hua Duan ◽  
Sha Wang ◽  
Fu-Qing Sun ◽  
Lu Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Junctional Zone ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Objective. To compare the expression of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in the junctional zone and outer myometrium of the proliferative and secretory phases of women with and without adenomyosis. Methods. A total of 76 women were included in this study, 42 with adenomyosis (proliferative phase, n=23; secretory phases, n=19) and 34 controls (proliferative phase, n=16; secretory phases, n=18). Protein and total RNA were extracted from the junctional zone (JZ) and outer myometrium (OM). GPER protein and mRNA expression levels were evaluated by the use of western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results. The expression of GPER protein and mRNA in women with adenomyosis was significantly higher than that of control subjects, both in the junctional zone and in the outer myometrium and both in the proliferative and in the secretory phases. Conclusion. The significant and consistent increase in GPER expression in adenomyosis compared with control subjects, regardless of whether it was in the proliferative or secretory phases and regardless of whether it was in the JZ or OM, suggests that GPER plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the adenomyosis.

scholarly journals Macrophage migration inhibitory factor may play a protective role in osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Liu ◽  
Zikun Xie ◽  
Guang Sun ◽  
Liujun Chen ◽  
Dake Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis and the major cause of disability and overall diminution of quality of life in the elderly population. Currently there is no cure for OA, partly due to the large gaps in our understanding of its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a procytokine that mediates pleiotropic inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, data on the role of MIF in OA is limited with conflicting results. We undertook this study to investigate the role of MIF in OA by examining MIF genotype, mRNA expression, and protein levels in the Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study. Methods One hundred nineteen end-stage knee/hip OA patients, 16 RA patients, and 113 healthy controls were included in the study. Two polymorphisms in the MIF gene, rs755622, and -794 CATT5-8, were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR followed by automated capillary electrophoresis, respectively. MIF mRNA levels in articular cartilage and subchondral bone were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Plasma concentrations of MIF, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results rs755622 and -794 CATT5-8 genotypes were not associated with MIF mRNA or protein levels or OA (all p ≥ 0.19). MIF mRNA level in cartilage was lower in OA patients than in controls (p = 0.028) and RA patients (p = 0.004), while the levels in bone were comparable between OA patients and controls (p = 0.165). MIF protein level in plasma was lower in OA patients than in controls (p = 3.01 × 10−10), while the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in plasma were all significantly higher in OA patients than in controls (all p ≤ 0.0007). Multivariable logistic regression showed lower MIF and higher IL-1β protein levels in plasma were independently associated with OA (OR per SD increase = 0.10 and 8.08; 95% CI = 0.04–0.19 and 4.42–16.82, respectively), but TNF-α and IL-6 became non-significant. Conclusions Reduced MIF mRNA and protein expression in OA patients suggested MIF might have a protective role in OA and could serve as a biomarker to differentiate OA from other joint disorders.

scholarly journals Distinct Local and Systemic Molecular Signatures in the Esophageal and Gastric Cancers: Possible Therapy Targets and Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Bednarz-Misa ◽  
Paulina Fortuna ◽  
Dorota Diakowska ◽  
Natalia Jamrozik ◽  
Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Molecular Signatures ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Therapy Targets ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Nos2 Expression

Gastric (GC) and esophageal (EC) cancers are highly lethal. Better understanding of molecular abnormalities is needed for new therapeutic targets and biomarkers to be found. Expression of 18 cancer-related genes in 31 paired normal-tumor samples was quantified by reversely-transcribed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) and systemic concentration of 27 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors in 195 individuals was determined using Luminex xMAP technology. Only Ki67, CLDN2, and BCLxL were altered in GC while Ki67, CDKN1A, ODC1, SLC2A1, HIF1A, VEGFA, NOS2, CCL2, PTGS2, IL10, IL10Ra, and ACTA2 were changed in EC. The relatively unaltered molecular GC landscape resulted from high expression of BCLxL, CDKN1A, BCL2, Ki67, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, TJP1, CLDN2, IL7Ra, ODC1, PTGS2, and CCL2 in non-cancerous tissue. The NOS2 expression and IL-4, IL-9, FGF2, and RANTES secretion were higher in cardiac than non-cardiac GC. Four-cytokine panels (interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13) differentiated GC from benign conditions with 87–89% accuracy. Our results showed increased proliferative, survival, inflammatory and angiogenic capacity in gastric tumor-surrounding tissue, what might contribute to GC aggressiveness and facilitate cancer recurrence. Further studies are needed to determine the CLDN2 and NOS2 suitability as candidate molecular targets in GC and cardiac GC, respectively, and discern the role of CLDN2 or to verify IL-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13 usefulness as differential biomarkers.

scholarly journals Effect of D-Mannose on Gene Expression of Neuraminidase Produced from Different Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 0291
Author(s):  
Shehab Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The present work aimed to investigate the neuraminidase (nan1) gene expression in 32 different clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to explore the role of the enzyme in different types of infection and might give a better understanding of host cell-pathogens interaction. In addition, the effect of monosaccharide D-mannose on neuraminidase gene expression in eight isolates was studied by utilizing a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results demonstrated that the highest expression of nan1 gene was in otitis samples (208,913.81) which were significantly higher than that from other infections (P < 0.01). While, the concentrations of gene copies obtained from urine, sputum and burns samples were 93,535.34, 92,254.64 and 74,029.63respectively. While the least expression in wound samples (32,017.06). This suggests that neuraminidase in ear samples might be more virulent and invasive followed by that from urine, sputum, burns and wounds samples. The considerable interest of addition D-mannose significantly reduced the rate of neuraminidase activity reached fivefold in some isolates. This indicates that D-mannose down regulates nan1 gene expression. Hence, this sugar could be used in the development of potential new antibacterial agents where it acts as a competitive neuraminidase inhibitors.

scholarly journals Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in Cancer and Immunosuppressed Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilene Olvera ◽  
Hannah Carter ◽  
Anubama Rajan ◽  
Lily G Carlin ◽  
Xiaomin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Burden ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background The role of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) as a cause of diarrhea in cancer and immunocompromised patients is controversial. Quantitation of fecal bacterial loads has been proposed as a method to differentiate colonized from truly infected patients. Methods We studied 77 adult cancer and immunosuppressed patients with diarrhea and EPEC identified in stools by FilmArray, 25 patients with pathogen-negative diarrhea, and 21 healthy adults without diarrhea. Stools were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for EPEC genes eaeA and lifA/efa-1 and strains characterized for virulence factors and adherence to human intestinal enteroids (HIEs). Results Patients with EPEC were more likely to have community-acquired diarrhea (odds ratio, 3.82 [95% confidence interval, 1.5–10.0]; P = .008) compared with pathogen-negative cases. Although EPEC was identified in 3 of 21 (14%) healthy subjects by qPCR, the bacterial burden was low compared to patients with diarrhea (≤55 vs median, 6 × 104 bacteria/mg stool; P &lt; .001). Among EPEC patients, the bacterial burden was higher in those who were immunosuppressed (median, 6.7 × 103 vs 55 bacteria/mg; P &lt; .001) and those with fecal lifA/  ifa-1 (median, 5 × 104 vs 120 bacteria/mg; P = .015). Response to antimicrobial therapy was seen in 44 of 48 (92%) patients with EPEC as the sole pathogen. Antimicrobial resistance was common and strains exhibited distinct patterns of adherence with variable cytotoxicity when studied in HIEs. Cancer care was delayed in 13% of patients. Conclusions Immunosuppressed cancer patients with EPEC-associated diarrhea carry high burden of EPEC with strains that are resistant to antibiotics, exhibit novel patterns of adherence when studied in HIEs, and interfere with cancer care.

scholarly journals Effect of D-Mannose on Gene Expression of Neuraminidase Produced from Different Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 0291
Author(s):  
Shehab Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The present work aimed to investigate the neuraminidase (nan1) gene expression in 32 different clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to explore the role of the enzyme in different types of infection and might give a better understanding of host cell-pathogens interaction. In addition, the effect of monosaccharide D-mannose on neuraminidase gene expression in eight isolates was studied by utilizing a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results demonstrated that the highest expression of nan1 gene was in otitis samples (208,913.81) which were significantly higher than that from other infections (P < 0.01). While, the concentrations of gene copies obtained from urine, sputum and burns samples were 93,535.34, 92,254.64 and 74,029.63respectively. While the least expression in wound samples (32,017.06). This suggests that neuraminidase in ear samples might be more virulent and invasive followed by that from urine, sputum, burns and wounds samples. The considerable interest of addition D-mannose significantly reduced the rate of neuraminidase activity reached fivefold in some isolates. This indicates that D-mannose down regulates nan1 gene expression. Hence, this sugar could be used in the development of potential new antibacterial agents where it acts as a competitive neuraminidase inhibitors.

scholarly journals The Indication of Poor Prognosis by High Expression of ENO1 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wan-Ying Huang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Shang-Wei Chen ◽  
Yi-Wu Dang ◽  
Yun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
High Throughput Data ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The purpose of this study is to investigate the significance of alpha-enolase (ENO1) expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (LUSC), its prognostic value, and prospective molecular mechanism. Using multiplatforms data, including in-house immunohistochemistry, in-house real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), in-house microarray, and public high-throughput data, the expression significance and prognostic role of ENO1 in LUSC tissues were analyzed comprehensively. With the combination of all eligible cases, compared with 941 non-LUSC lung tissues, ENO1 was significantly overexpressed in 1163 cases of LUSC (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.76–1.70, P  < 0.001). ENO1 also displayed a great ability to differentiate LUSC tissues from non-LUSC lung tissues (AUC = 0.8705) with the comprehensive sensitivity being 0.88 [0.83–0.92], and comprehensive specificity being 0.89 [0.84–0.94]). Moreover, in 1860 cases of LUSC with survival information, patients with higher expression of ENO1 had poorer prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01–1.43, P  = 0.043). ENO1 and its related genes mainly participated in the pathways of cell division and proliferation. In conclusion, the upregulation of ENO1 could affect the carcinogenesis and unfavorable outcome of LUSC.

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