scholarly journals Dexamethasone Suppresses Oxysterol-Induced Differentiation of Monocytic Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghae Son ◽  
Bo-Young Kim ◽  
Seong-Kug Eo ◽  
Young Chul Park ◽  
Koanhoi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Mature Dendritic Cell ◽  
Induced Differentiation ◽  
Monocytic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell Differentiation ◽  
Elevated Surface

Oxysterol like 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHChol) has been reported to induce differentiation of monocytic cells into a mature dendritic cell phenotype. We examined whether dexamethasone (Dx) affects 27OHChol-induced differentiation using THP-1 cells. Treatment of monocytic cells with Dx resulted in almost complete inhibition of transcription and surface expression of CD80, CD83, and CD88 induced by 27OHChol. Elevated surface levels of MHC class I and II molecules induced by 27OHChol were reduced to basal levels by treatment with Dx. A decreased endocytosis ability caused by 27OHChol was recovered by Dx. We also examined effects of Dx on expression of CD molecules involved in atherosclerosis. Increased levels of surface protein and transcription of CD105, CD137, and CD166 by treatment with 27OHChol were significantly inhibited by cotreatment with Dx. These results indicate that Dx inhibits 27OHChol-induced differentiation of monocytic cells into a mature dendritic cell phenotype and expression of CD molecules whose levels are associated with atherosclerosis. In addition, we examined phosphorylation of AKT induced by 27OHChol and effect of Dx, where cotreatment with Dx inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT. The current study reports that Dx regulates oxysterol-mediated dendritic cell differentiation of monocytic cells.

scholarly journals Synergy between Vitamin D3and Toll-Like Receptor Agonists Regulates Human Dendritic Cell Response during Maturation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Brosbøl-Ravnborg ◽  
Bettina Bundgaard ◽  
Per Höllsberg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Tlr Agonists ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Dendritic Cell Differentiation ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Human Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dc Maturation

Human dendritic cells (DC) can be differentiated from blood monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 and matured by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Vitamin D3inhibits the maturation of human DC measured by changes in surface expression of HLA-DR, CD14, CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86. We here examine the function of vitamin D3during DC maturation. One of the earliest changes to LPS-induced maturation was an increase in CD83 expression. Vitamin D3inhibited the increase in expression of HLA-DR, CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86 and the decrease in expression of CD14, which was paralleled morphologically by vitamin D3-induced inhibition of dendritic cell differentiation. Vitamin D3acted in synergy with the TLR agonists LPS and peptidoglycan (PGN) in inducing IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, whereas vitamin D3completely inhibited LPS-induced secretion of IL-12. The synergy occurred at concentrations where neither vitamin D3nor the TLR agonists alone induced measurable cytokine secretion. Both LPS and PGN enhanced the level of the vitamin D3receptor (VDR). Taken together, these data demonstrated that vitamin D3and TLR agonists acted in synergy to alter secretion of cytokines from human DC in a direction that may provide an anti-inflammatory environment.

Interferon-α and interferon-γ differentially affect pancreatic β-cell phenotype and function

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (1) ◽  
pp. C25-C32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel E. Baldeón ◽  
Taehoon Chun ◽  
H. Rex Gaskins
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Ifn Γ

To better clarify individual roles of interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ in β-cell pathology during the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus, we compared the effects of these cytokines on insulin production and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene expression in pancreatic β-cell lines. IFN-γ but not IFN-α decreased secreted and intracellular insulin concentrations in βTC6-F7 and βTC3 cells. Likewise, IFN-γ but not IFN-α treatment of β-cells upregulated mRNA expression of MHC class IA antigen-processing genes and surface expression of class IA molecules. Alternatively, class IA MHC expression was upregulated by IFN-γ and IFN-α in the P388D1 macrophage cell line. The observation of constitutive Ifn-α6mRNA expression by a differentiated β-cell line substantiates previous indications that local expression of IFN-α in islets may trigger insulitis. Evidence that IFN-γ, a product of infiltrating leukocytes, directly decreases β-cell glucose sensitivity and increases MHC class IA cell surface expression supports the postulate that IFN-γ magnifies the insulitic process.

Oxysterols induce transition of monocytic cells to phenotypically mature dendritic cell-like cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 438 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghae Son ◽  
Sun-Mi Kim ◽  
Sae-A Lee ◽  
Seong-Kug Eo ◽  
Koanhoi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Mature Dendritic Cell ◽  
Monocytic Cells

NIR-active Nanoterminator with Mature Dendritic Cell Acitivities for Immuno-Priming Mild Photothermal Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhihong sun ◽  
Guanjun Deng ◽  
Xinghua Peng ◽  
Xiuli Xu ◽  
Lanlan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mature Dendritic Cell ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Mild Temperature ◽  
Broad Interest

Recently, photothermal-immuno synergistic therapy under mild temperature (~ 45 °C) has got broad interest in cancer treatment. Inhibition the intratumorally HSPs production is the key to accomplish highly efficient and mild photothermal therapy. In this work, we developed biomimetic nanoterminators with mature DCs functions by coating the mature dendritic cell membrane on photothermal nanoagents. As-prepared nanoterminators could automatically locate on T cell in the complex tumor-immune microenvironment and promote the T cells proliferation, activation and cytokine secretion, which could not only inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins to cooperate on highly efficient mild photothermal therapy (~42°C), but also promote tumor apoptosis during the treatment. More importantly, this nanoterminator could serve as vaccine to trigger anti-tumor immune response of the whole body, which would be promising to long-life tumor inhibition and termination.

scholarly journals Changes in Exosome Release in Thyroid Cancer Cells after Prolonged Exposure to Real Microgravity in Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Petra M. Wise ◽  
Paolo Neviani ◽  
Stefan Riwaldt ◽  
Thomas Juhl Corydon ◽  
Markus Wehland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells

Space travel has always been the man’s ultimate destination. With the ability of spaceflight though, came the realization that exposure to microgravity has lasting effects on the human body. To counteract these, many studies were and are undertaken, on multiple levels. Changes in cell growth, gene, and protein expression have been described in different models on Earth and in space. Extracellular vesicles, and in particular exosomes, are important cell-cell communicators, being secreted from almost all the cells and therefore, are a perfect target to further investigate the underlying reasons of the organism’s adaptations to microgravity. Here, we studied supernatants harvested from the CellBox-1 experiment, which featured human thyroid cancer cells flown to the International Space Station during the SpaceX CRS-3 cargo mission. The initial results show differences in the number of secreted exosomes, as well as in the distribution of subpopulations in regards to their surface protein expression. Notably, alteration of their population regarding the tetraspanin surface expression was observed. This is a promising step into a new area of microgravity research and will potentially lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and pathways of cellular cross-talk.

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