Liver Governs Tendon: A Theory from Traditional Chinese Medicine—Evidence from a Population-Based Matched Cohort Study in Taiwan for the Association of Chronic Liver Disease and Common Diseases in the Chiropractic Office

In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, the liver governs the tendons. This retrospective cohort study investigated the relationship between chronic liver disease and common orthopedic conditions by utilizing the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The populations included within this study were chronic liver disease patients (International Classification of Diseases/ICD-9 code: 571) and a comparison group composed of patients with nonchronic liver disease. The medical event that was evaluated was internal derangement of joints (ICD-9 codes: 717-718). In comparison with the control group, patients with chronic liver disease were 1.29 times more likely to develop internal derangement of joints when major trauma had also occurred. We did not find the association of viral hepatitis with internal derangement of joints. Patients with chronic liver disease as well as anemia were 3.01 times more likely to develop joint derangements. Our study shows that patients with anemia in addition to chronic liver disease are more prone to develop joint derangements. This is the first documented research study that endorses “the liver governs the tendons which gives the body the ability to move” theory of TCM. The incidence rate of internal derangement of knee joints was higher in patients with chronic liver disease.

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The Risk of Depression in Patients with Pemphigus: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17061983 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 1983

Author(s):

Yi-Min Hsu ◽

Hsin-Yu Fang ◽

Cheng-Li Lin ◽

Shwn-Huey Shieh

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Autoimmune Response ◽

Control Group ◽

Research Database ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Male Patients

Pemphigus is a chronic dermatological disorder caused by an autoimmune response and is associated with a high proportion of comorbidities and fatalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of depression in patients with pemphigus. Data were derived from the National Health Insurance Research Database recorded during the period 2000–2010 in Taiwan. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the data and assess the effects of pemphigus on the risk of depression after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Patients with pemphigus were 1.98 times more likely to suffer from depression than the control group (pemphigus, adjusted HR: 1.99, 95% CI = 1.37–2.86). People aged ≥65 years were 1.69 times more likely to suffer from depression than those aged 20–49 years (≥65 years, adjusted HR: 1.42, 95% CI = 0.92–2.21). Female and male patients with pemphigus were respectively 2.02 and 1.91 times more likely to suffer from depression than the control group (female, adjusted HR: 2.09, 95% CI = 1.24–3.54; male, adjusted HR: 1.87, 95% CI = 0.97–3.60). People with HTN, hyperlipidemia, asthma/COPD, and chronic liver disease were respectively 1.73, 2.3, 2.2, and 1.69 times more likely to suffer from depression than those without these comorbidities (HTN, adjusted HR: 0.75, 95% CI = 0.41–1.42; hyperlipidemia, adjusted HR: 1.48, 95% CI = 0.78–2.82; asthma/COPD, adjusted HR: 1.4, 95% CI = 0.72–2.69; and chronic liver disease, adjusted HR: 1.61, 95% CI = 1.07–2.43). There was a significant association between pemphigus and increased risk of depression. Female patients had a higher incidence of depression.

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Chronic Alcoholism Decreases Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Human Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Platelets – Influence of Chronic Liver Disease

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657633 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 78 (02) ◽

pp. 808-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

María-Luisa Pita ◽

José-María Rubio ◽

María-Luisa Murillo ◽

Olimpia Carreras ◽

Mariá-José Delgado

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Alcoholism ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Chronic Ethanol ◽

Ethanol Ingestion ◽

Control Group ◽

Docosatetraenoic Acid ◽

Long Chain

SummaryThe effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on fatty acid composition of plasma, erythrocyte and platelet phospholipids and on plasma 6-keto-PGF1α was studied. Two groups of alcoholic subjects, one of them with chronic liver disease, were studied and compared to a control group of healthy subjects. Linoleic acid was not affected by alcoholism but its larger metabolites arachidonic acid (20:4n6) and docosatetraenoic acid (22: 4n6) tended to be lower in erythrocytes and platelets of both groups of alcoholic patients; the decrease was more marked in the presence of chronic liver disease. Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3) was markedly decreased in plasma, erythrocytes and platelets obtained from alcoholic patients with chronic liver disease. Plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF1α, a metabolite of prostacyclin (PGI2), remained unchanged. We conclude that chronic ethanol ingestion induces important changes in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly in platelets, and that these changes are exacerbated when patients suffer from chronic liver disease.

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Prognosis of French COVID-19 patients with chronic liver disease: a national retrospective cohort study for 2020

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.jhep.2021.04.052 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vincent Mallet ◽

Nathanael Beeker ◽

Samir Bouam ◽

Philippe Sogni ◽

Stanislas Pol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Chronic Liver

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Correlation Between Body Composition Analysis and Biochemical Nutritional Markers in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.20.11.8378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 94-100

Author(s):

Luciana Carmen Nitoi ◽

Valeriu Ardeleanu ◽

Anca Pantea Stoian ◽

Lavinia Alexandra Moroianu

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

The Body ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Arterial Line ◽

Body Protein ◽

Total Body

Several approaches have been used to assess protein-energy wasting syndrome, such as clinical evaluation, biochemical nutritional markers, anthropometric measurements, but Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) techniques hold a central place in clinical settings. The aim of this study is to report our clinical experience with BIA and the correlations between biochemical nutritional markers and BIA nutritional parameters in hemodialysis (HD) patients associating or free of chronic liver disease. This cross-sectional observational study included 69 HD patients divided into two groups: 33 with chronic liver disease (CLD+) versus 36 chronic liver disease-free (CLD-) from one HD unit in Romania. Serum albumin (SA), serum creatinine (SCr) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were obtained from the HD arterial line immediately before the HD session and by BIA the body composition including total body water (TBW), total body fat (TBF), lean fat free mass(LFFM), body muscular mass (BMM), malnutrition index and body protein reserve (PR) were assessed. No significant differences between groups were found in BCM, BMM, PR and TBF (p = 0.92, p = 0.60, p = 0.907, and p = 0.634, respectively). Malnutrition index had a significantly higher mean value in HD-CLD(+) patients (p = 0.00). HD-CLD(-) group showed a strong correlation between SA and SCr and BCM, BMM (kg), LFFM (kg) and body PR (kg) (r=.48, r=.50, r=.44, r=.50; resp. r=.42, r=.40, r=.36, r=.42). In HD-CLD(+) patients, a significant positive correlation was found between SA and SCr and LFFM and body PR (r=.37, r=.35; resp. r=.44, r=.35). Discussion: BIA is one of the most accurate techniques for assessing nutritional status and should be regularly used in clinical practice along with biochemical nutritional markers in HD patients. Although the protein metabolism depends to a large extent on liver function, CLD cannot be considered as having a significant impact on nutritional status in HD patients.

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Clinical characteristics of chronic liver disease with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a cohort study in Wuhan, China

Aging ◽

10.18632/aging.103632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 15938-15945

Author(s):

Chaowei Li ◽

Qingshi Chen ◽

Jianwen Wang ◽

Huasong Lin ◽

Yalan Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Chronic Liver

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EFFECT OF CHINESE MEDICINE ON MUSCLE FATIGUE OF ATHLETES

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte ◽

10.1590/1517-8692202127072021_0346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 706-709

Author(s):

Ma Jin

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Muscle Fatigue ◽

T Test ◽

The Body ◽

Good Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Exercise Fatigue ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine has a very good effect on the treatment of exercise fatigue. However, if it is not handled actively and effectively, it can cause serious adverse effects on the body and lead to many diseases. Objective: To study the effect of TCM diagnosis and treatment on athletes’ exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Methods: The results of the study were analyzed by comparing the experimental data in the experimental group and the control group. Results: A paired t test was conducted on the experimental results of the experimental intervention group and the data of the control group. It was found that regardless of individuals being male or female, the paired t test results of the experimental group and the data of the control group were all P < 0.05, showing significant differences in the paired data. Conclusions: In the experiment, all the treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine had an obvious effect in the treatment of exercise fatigue, and reduced the recovery time of exercise fatigue at different degrees. Contrastive analysis shows that traditional Chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of exercise fatigue. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

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Immature Platelet Fraction in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease, A Marker for Evaluating Cirrhotic Changes.

Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University ◽

10.48036/apims.v17i2.531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 174-179

Author(s):

Muhammad Javaid Iqbal ◽

Muhammad Usman ◽

Mubarak Ali Anjum ◽

Yasir Yaqoob ◽

Ghulam Mujtaba Nasir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Master Program ◽

Immature Platelet Fraction ◽

The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the role of Immature platelet fraction in patients with chronic liver disease, a marker for evaluating cirrhotic changes. Methodology: This case control study was conducted at department of Pathology, Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad, over a period of Seven months from June 2020 to January 2021. A total of 126 participants were included in the study consisting of 63 patients with chronic liver disease in group A and 63 participants without any known disease in group B as control. The IPF master program in combination with XE-2100 multiparameter automatic hematology analyzer was used to measure the immature platelet fraction. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid was used to collect the blood sample for IPF measurement and was maintained till analysis on room temperature. Ten repeated analyses, immediately and after 24 hours were done for reproducibility of IPF%. Results: The mean age of liver disease patients was 52.35 ± 13.64 years and in control group the mean age was 51.62 ± 11.27 years. There was no significant (p-value > 0.05) difference between both groups based on age and gender. The hemoglobin level and red cell count was found to be significantly (p-value < 0.05) reduced in cases group. While white blood cells count was comparable in both groups. The mean platelet count was significantly (p-value < 0.05) less in cases group (163.5 ± 90.4 vs 233.4 ± 54.5 (x10*3/µl). The mean value of immature platelet fraction (IPF%) was significantly (p-value < 0.05) raised in cases group (5.62 ± 2.92 vs 3.06 ± 1.87). The multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA) score showed a significant (p-value < 0.05) association with chronic hepatis as compared to other liver related diseases. Conclusions: In chronic liver disease patients, there is an inverse relationship between platelet count and IPF% with decreased platelet count and increased IPF%. The proposed MDA function can be used to identify the cirrhotic changes in liver disease patients.

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