scholarly journals Approach to Hemoptysis in the Modern Era

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Gagnon ◽  
Nicholas Quigley ◽  
Hervé Dutau ◽  
Antoine Delage ◽  
Marc Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Antifibrinolytic Agents ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Modern Era

Hemoptysis is a frequent manifestation of a wide variety of diseases, with mild to life-threatening presentations. The diagnostic workup and the management of severe hemoptysis are often challenging. Advances in endoscopic techniques have led to different new therapeutic approaches. Cold saline, vasoconstrictive and antifibrinolytic agents, oxidized regenerated cellulose, biocompatible glue, laser photocoagulation, argon plasma coagulation, and endobronchial stents and valves are amongst the tools available to the bronchoscopist. In this article, we review the evidence regarding the definition, etiology, diagnostic modalities, and treatment of severe hemoptysis in the modern era with emphasis on bronchoscopic techniques.

Endoscopic mucosal resection for recurrent gastric antral vascular ectasia

VASA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsinelos ◽  
Chatzimavroudis ◽  
Katsinelos ◽  
Panagiotopoulou ◽  
Kotakidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Vascular Ectasia ◽  
Mucosal Resection ◽  
First Case

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an overt or occult source of gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite several therapeutic approaches have been successfully tested for preventing chronic bleeding, some patients present recurrence of GAVE lesions. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case, of a 86-year-old woman who presented severe iron-deficiency anemia due to GAVE and showed recurrence of GAVE lesion despite the intensive argon plasma coagulation treatment. We performed endoscopic mucosal resection of bleeding GAVE with resolution of anemia.

scholarly journals A patient-like swine model of gastrointestinal fibrotic strictures for advancing therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Mohamad I. Itani ◽  
Kevan J. Salimian ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Olaya Brewer Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Approved Drugs

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) strictures are difficult to treat in a variety of disease processes. Currently, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs for fibrosis in the GI tract. One of the limitations to developing anti-fibrotic drugs has been the lack of a reproducible, relatively inexpensive, large animal model of fibrosis-driven luminal stricture. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of creating a model of luminal GI tract strictures. Argon plasma coagulation (APC) was applied circumferentially in porcine esophagi in vivo. Follow-up endoscopy (EGD) was performed at day 14 after the APC procedure. We noted high grade, benign esophageal strictures (n = 8). All 8 strictures resembled luminal GI fibrotic strictures in humans. These strictures were characterized, and then successfully dilated. A repeat EGD was performed at day 28 after the APC procedure and found evidence of recurrent, high grade, fibrotic, strictures at all 8 locations in all pigs. Pigs were sacrificed and gross and histologic analyses performed. Histologic examination showed extensive fibrosis, with significant collagen deposition in the lamina propria and submucosa, as well as extensive inflammatory infiltrates within the strictures. In conclusion, we report a porcine model of luminal GI fibrotic stricture that has the potential to assist with developing novel anti-fibrotic therapies as well as endoscopic techniques to address recurring fibrotic strictures in humans.

Case of Life-Threatening Gas Embolism Associated With Argon Plasma Coagulation

CHEST Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 116A
Author(s):  
Samaan Rafeq ◽  
Sugantha Sundar ◽  
Armin Ernst ◽  
Adnan Majid
Keyword(s):  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Life Threatening

Treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with argon plasma coagulation

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bergler ◽  
M. Hönig ◽  
K. Götte ◽  
G. Petroianu ◽  
K. Hörmann
Keyword(s):  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Flexible Endoscopy ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Difficult Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Time

AbstractExtension of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) to the lower airway in children is life-threatening and an extremely difficult condition to treat. We present the case of a seven-year-old girl with progressive RRP since the age of two. Repeated CO2 laser treatment and interferon-alpha treatment could not prevent tracheotomy and spread to the trachea. We used argon plasma coagulation (APC) with flexible endoscopy for the first time for the treatment of RRP. APC gives a controlled limited penetration into the tissue and good control of bleeding. There is no carbonization or vaporization which makes it a suitable method for the treatment of lower airway RRP. After a few treatments with APC, we gained very good control of the disease with no side-effects or complications. The described application of APC seems to be a promising way to treat lower airway RRP.

scholarly journals Use of Argon Plasma Coagulation and Endoscopic Hemoclips for Postsurgical Gastrointestinal Fistula

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abdullah Sohail ◽  
Ahmad Khan ◽  
Hamza Shah ◽  
Ragheb Rezko
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Upper Endoscopy ◽  
Anastomotic Leaks ◽  
Gastrointestinal Fistula ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
The Right

A 72-year-old male was diagnosed with a duodenal mass and underwent extensive surgical resection. The patient’s post-op course was complicated by an anastomotic leak that was first treated conservatively; however, his condition continued to deteriorate. An upper endoscopy was performed, which showed misplacement of drain forming a fistulous track through the lumen of the bowel. We removed the drain and used argon plasma coagulation to de-epithelize the lumen and closed the fistula with hemostasis clips. The patient’s clinical status improved significantly. Our case emphasizes the success of endoscopic techniques as an alternative option in the management of postsurgical anastomotic leaks and fistulas in the right clinical setting and patient population.

scholarly journals Potent Killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by an Antibody-Antibiotic Conjugate

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly K. Kajihara ◽  
Homer Pantua ◽  
Hilda Hernandez-Barry ◽  
Meredith Hazen ◽  
Kiran Deshmukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Preclinical Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Life Threatening

Antibiotic treatment of life-threatening P. aeruginosa infections is associated with low clinical success, despite the availability of antibiotics that are active in standard microbiological in vitro assays, affirming the need for new therapeutic approaches. Antibiotics often fail in the preclinical stage due to insufficient efficacy against P. aeruginosa .

scholarly journals Endoscopic treatment for chronic radiation proctitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
E. A. Grishina ◽  
K. V. Shishin ◽  
I. Yu. Nedoluzhko ◽  
N. A. Kurushkina ◽  
L. V. Shumkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Bipolar Coagulation ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Chronic Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Chronic Radiation

The preferred method in detection and staging of chronic radiation proctitis is colonoscopy. Moreover, endoscopy is used widely in treating patients with this disease. The main goal of endoscopic techniques is hemostasis and elimination of vascular transformations. This includes formalin application, band ligation, various types of laser irradiation, bipolar coagulation and cryotherapy. However, these methods are associated with relatively high risk of complications, whereas argon plasma coagulation and radiofrequency ablation are effective, relatively safe techniques for chronic radiation proctitis and well tolerated by patients.

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitors Drug Discovery, Design, and Development as Anticancer Agents from Past to Present: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa AlGhamdi ◽  
Hanine AlMubayedh
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Parp Inhibitor ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Repair Mechanism ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Abstract: Cancer treatments are known for their life-threatening toxicities attributed to their low selectivity; hence, new therapeutic approaches are being developed as alternatives. Among those approaches is the DNA repair mechanism, where its inhibition results selectively in the death of cancerous cells. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) is one of the enzymes involved in the repair of damaged DNA. The inhibition of PARP shows to be a promising approach for effective targeted treatment of cancer, especially in tumours with pre-existing Homologous-Repair (HR) defects (i.e., BRCA). Nicotinamide, which is one of the PARP catalytic products, was the first identified PARP inhibitor (PARPi). The first FDA-approved PARPi was Olaparib in 2014 for the treatment of BRCA mutated advanced ovarian cancer. Several clinical trials have been conducted to further improve PARPi. However, there are some concerns related to drug resistance, PARPi sensitive-tumour identification, and toxic accumulation of PARPi. This report will review the uses of PARPi, drug design and development of PARPi from past to present, current issues, and prospective plans.

scholarly journals Secondary pulmonary malignancies requiring interventional bronchoscopic procedures

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-369
Author(s):  
Efsun Gonca Uğur Chousein ◽  
Demet Turan ◽  
Mehmet Akif Özgül ◽  
Erdoğan Çetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean

Background: In this study, we aimed to share our singlecenter experience and to investigate the effect of interventional bronchoscopic procedures on secondary pulmonary malignancies in terms of complications, success, and survival rates. Methods: A total of 83 patients (42 males, 41 females; mean age: 57.8±15.2 years; range, 18 to 94 years) with secondary pulmonary malignancies who underwent interventional bronchoscopic procedures between January 2009 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Data including demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, complications, and success and survival rates were recorded. Results: The most common secondary pulmonary malignancies were kidney and thyroid tumors with the complaints of cough, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The mean duration before the diagnosis was 34.7±52.8 (range, 0.1 to 219.3) months, and the mean survival after the diagnosis were 10±13.1 (range, 0.2 to 44.4) months. A total of 92% of the patients had an airway obstruction of >50% and the interventional bronchoscopic procedures such as argon plasma coagulation, laser, cryo, and mechanical resection were successful in achieving airway patency. Laser application was found to significantly improve survival (p=0.015). Acute complication rate was 8.4% and mortality rate was 0%. Conclusion: In patients with tracheobronchial lesions due to secondary pulmonary malignancies, interventional bronchoscopic procedures, regardless of the stage of the disease, provide rapid palliation in life-threatening symptoms such as dyspnea and hemoptysis due to airway obstruction, prolonging patient"s survival and gain time for additional treatments to take effect for primary disease.

scholarly journals Immunomodulation as a Therapy for Aspergillus Infection: Current Status and Future Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Lauruschkat ◽  
Hermann Einsele ◽  
Juergen Loeffler
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Immunological Recovery

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is the most serious life-threatening infectious complication of intensive remission induction chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with a variety of hematological malignancies. Aspergillus fumigatus is the most commonly isolated species from cases of IA. Despite the various improvements that have been made with preventative strategies and the development of antifungal drugs, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic approaches that focus on strategies to boost the host’s immune response, since immunological recovery is recognized as being the major determinant of the outcome of IA. Here, we aim to summarize current knowledge about a broad variety of immunotherapeutic approaches against IA, including therapies based on the transfer of distinct immune cell populations, and the administration of cytokines and antibodies.

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