scholarly journals The Effect of Connected Vehicle Environment on Global Travel Efficiency and Its Optimal Penetration Rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjian Dai ◽  
Yingrong Lu ◽  
Chuan Ding ◽  
Guangquan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Route Network ◽  
Travel Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Travel

The effect of connected vehicle environment on the transportation systems and the relationship between the penetration rate of connected vehicle and its efficiency are investigated in this study. An example based on the classical two-route network is adopted in this study, in which the drivers consist of two types: informed and uninformed. The advantages and disadvantages of the connected vehicle environment are analyzed, and the concentration phenomenon is proposed and found to be mitigated when only a fraction of drivers are informed. The simulation tool embodying the characteristics of the connected vehicle environment is developed using the multiagent technology. Finally, different scenarios are simulated, such as the zero-information environment, the full-information environment, and the connected vehicle environment with various penetration rates. Moreover, simulation results of the global performance of the transportation system are compared. The results show that the connected vehicle environment can efficiently improve the performance of the transportation system, while the adverse effects due to concentration rise out from the excessive informed drivers. An optimal penetration rate of the connected vehicles is found to characterize the best performance of the system. These findings can aid in understanding the effect of the connected vehicle environment on the transportation system.

scholarly journals Impact of connected vehicle guidance information on network-wide average travel time

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 168781401668335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng Wang ◽  
Jiarun Lv ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xuedong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Guidance ◽  
Average Travel Time ◽  
The Impact

With the emergence of connected vehicle technologies, the potential positive impact of connected vehicle guidance on mobility has become a research hotspot by data exchange among vehicles, infrastructure, and mobile devices. This study is focused on micro-modeling and quantitatively evaluating the impact of connected vehicle guidance on network-wide travel time by introducing various affecting factors. To evaluate the benefits of connected vehicle guidance, a simulation architecture based on one engine is proposed representing the connected vehicle–enabled virtual world, and connected vehicle route guidance scenario is established through the development of communication agent and intelligent transportation systems agents using connected vehicle application programming interface considering the communication properties, such as path loss and transmission power. The impact of connected vehicle guidance on network-wide travel time is analyzed by comparing with non-connected vehicle guidance in response to different market penetration rate, following rate, and congestion level. The simulation results explore that average network-wide travel time in connected vehicle guidance shows a significant reduction versus that in non–connected vehicle guidance. Average network-wide travel time in connected vehicle guidance have an increase of 42.23% comparing to that in non-connected vehicle guidance, and average travel time variability (represented by the coefficient of variance) increases as the travel time increases. Other vital findings include that higher penetration rate and following rate generate bigger savings of average network-wide travel time. The savings of average network-wide travel time increase from 17% to 38% according to different congestion levels, and savings of average travel time in more serious congestion have a more obvious improvement for the same penetration rate or following rate.

Recent Advances in Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Signal Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wei ◽  
Guanjie Zheng ◽  
Vikash Gayah ◽  
Zhenhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Traffic Signal Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Advances

Traffic signal control is an important and challenging real-world problem that has recently received a large amount of interest from both transportation and computer science communities. In this survey, we focus on investigating the recent advances in using reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to solve the traffic signal control problem. We classify the known approaches based on the RL techniques they use and provide a review of existing models with analysis on their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, we give an overview of the simulation environments and experimental settings that have been developed to evaluate the traffic signal control methods. Finally, we explore future directions in the area of RLbased traffic signal control methods. We hope this survey could provide insights to researchers dealing with real-world applications in intelligent transportation systems

Selection of Materials and Sensors for Health Monitoring of Composite Structures

2003 ◽  
Vol 785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth S. Kessler ◽  
S. Mark Spearing
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Health Monitoring Systems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTEmbedded structural health monitoring systems are envisioned to be an important component of future transportation systems. One of the key challenges in designing an SHM system is the choice of sensors, and a sensor layout, which can detect unambiguously relevant structural damage. This paper focuses on the relationship between sensors, the materials of which they are made, and their ability to detect structural damage. Sensor selection maps have been produced which plot the capabilities of the full range of available sensor types vs. the key performance metrics (power consumption, resolution, range, sensor size, coverage). This exercise resulted in the identification of piezoceramic Lamb wave transducers as the sensor of choice. Experimental results are presented for the detailed selection of piezoceramic materials to be used as Lamb wave transducers.

scholarly journals Optimization and Evaluation of Platooning Car-Following Models in a Connected Vehicle Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3474
Author(s):  
Guang Yu ◽  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Qiangqiang Shangguan
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Cooperative Driving

With the rapid development of information and communication technology, future intelligent transportation systems will exhibit a trend of cooperative driving of connected vehicles. Platooning is an important application technique for cooperative driving. Herein, optimized car-following models for platoon control based on intervehicle communication technology are proposed. On the basis of existing indicators, a series of evaluation methods for platoon safety, stability, and energy consumption is constructed. Numerical simulations are used to compare the effects of three traditional models and their optimized counterparts on the car-following process. Moreover, the influence of homogenous and heterogeneous attributes on the platoon is analyzed. The optimized model proposed in this paper can improve the stability and safety of vehicle following and reduce the total fuel consumption. The simulation results show that a homogenous platoon can enhance the overall stability of the platoon and that the desired safety margin (DSM) model is better suited for heterogeneous platoon control than the other two models. This paper provides a practical method for the design and systematic evaluation of a platoon control strategy, which is one of the key focuses in the connected and autonomous vehicle industry.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Ecological Changes, Social Behaviour and Human Intergroup Tolerance 300,000 to 30,000 BP

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Spikins ◽  
Jennifer C. French ◽  
Seren John-Wood ◽  
Calvin Dytham
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Behaviours

AbstractArchaeological evidence suggests that important shifts were taking place in the character of human social behaviours 300,000 to 30,000 years ago. New artefact types appear and are disseminated with greater frequency. Transfers of both raw materials and finished artefacts take place over increasing distances, implying larger scales of regional mobility and more frequent and friendlier interactions between different communities. Whilst these changes occur during a period of increasing environmental variability, the relationship between ecological changes and transformations in social behaviours is elusive. Here, we explore a possible theoretical approach and methodology for understanding how ecological contexts can influence selection pressures acting on intergroup social behaviours. We focus on the relative advantages and disadvantages of intergroup tolerance in different ecological contexts using agent-based modelling (ABM). We assess the relative costs and benefits of different ‘tolerance’ levels in between-group interactions on survival and resource exploitation in different environments. The results enable us to infer a potential relationship between ecological changes and proposed changes in between-group behavioural dynamics. We conclude that increasingly harsh environments may have driven changes in hormonal and emotional responses in humans leading to increasing intergroup tolerance, i.e. transformations in social behaviour associated with ‘self-domestication’. We argue that changes in intergroup tolerance is a more parsimonious explanation for the emergence of what has been seen as ‘modern human behaviour’ than changes in hard aspects of cognition or other factors such as cognitive adaptability or population size.

Simplex-Based Calibration of Traffic Microsimulation Models with Intelligent Transportation Systems Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 1855 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Ok Kim ◽  
L. R. Rilett
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Simplex Algorithm ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Morning Peak ◽  
Microsimulation Models

In recent years, microsimulation has become increasingly important in transportation system modeling. A potential issue is whether these models adequately represent reality and whether enough data exist with which to calibrate these models. There has been rapid deployment of intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies in most urban areas of North America in the last 10 years. While ITSs are developed primarily for real-time traffic operations, the data are typically archived and available for traffic microsimulation calibration. A methodology, based on the sequential simplex algorithm, that uses ITS data to calibrate microsimulation models is presented. The test bed is a 23-km section of Interstate 10 in Houston, Texas. Two microsimulation models, CORSIM and TRANSIMS, were calibrated for two different demand matrices and three periods (morning peak, evening peak, and off-peak). It was found for the morning peak that the simplex algorithm had better results then either the default values or a simple, manual calibration. As the level of congestion decreased, the effectiveness of the simplex approach also decreased, as compared with standard techniques.

Material Properties and Design Aspects of Folding Bicycle Frame

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Maleque ◽  
M.S. Hossain ◽  
S. Dyuti
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bicycle Frame ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Study

successful design of folding bicycle should take into account the function, material properties, and fabrication process. There are some other factors that should be considered in anticipating the behavior of materials for folding bicycle. In order to understand the relationship between material properties and design of a folding bicycle and also for the future direction in new materials with new design, a comprehensive study on the design under different conditions are essential. Therefore, a systematic study on the relationship between material properties and design for folding bicycle has been performed. The advantages and disadvantages matrix between conventional bicycle and folding bicycle is presented for better understanding of the materials properties and design. It was found that the materials properties of the folding bicycle frame such as fatigue and tensile strength are the important properties for the better performance of the frame. The relationship between materials properties and design is not straight forward because the behavior of the material in the finished product could be different from that of the raw material. The swing hinge technique could be a better technique in the design for the folding bicycle frame.

ON INTERACTION OF MATERIAL AND PROCEDURAL LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF REFORMING THE NOMENCLATURE OF SCIENTIFIC SPECIALTIES IN JURISPRUDENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-231
Author(s):  
S.I. Suslova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Civil Science ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: the influence of the material branches of law on the content and development of procedural branches has long been substantiated in the legal literature. At the same time, civil law scholars, limited by the scope of the nomenclature of scientific specialties in legal sciences, do not have the opportunity to conduct dissertation research aimed at identifying the influence of procedural branches on the norms of substantive law. With regard to scientific research, the study of such an impact is currently permissible only within the specialty 12.00.15. Reforming the nomenclature of scientific specialties towards its enlargement creates the basis for the development of the scientific theory of intersectoral relations, developed by M.Iu. Chelyshev. An in-depth study of the intersectoral interaction of civil law and civil procedure will contribute not only to the development of scientific knowledge, but also will allow solving practical problems at a different methodological level. Purpose: to analyze the stages of the formation of scientific specialties in the context of the relationship between civil law and procedure, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of uniting and dividing civil law and procedure in scientific research, to analyze dissertations in different periods of development of the science of civil law and the science of civil procedure, to formulate ways to improve directions of research to bridge the gap between the science of civil law and procedure. Methods: empirical methods of description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. The legal-dogmatic private scientific method was used. Results: identified the main views on the ratio of material and procedural branches in legal science; it is illustrated that the intersectoral approach is currently admissible only for dissertations in the specialty 12.00.15, which led to an almost complete absence of scientific research on this topic in civil science; substantiated the need to establish the bilateral nature of the relationship and interaction of material and procedural block. Conclusions: reforming the nomenclature of scientific specialties by right in the direction of their enlargement should have a positive effect on bridging the gap that has developed between works on civil law and civil law procedure in the last years of their separate existence. This is especially true of civil science, which developed its own scientific theories in isolation from the possibilities of their implementation within the framework of procedural law. The methodological basis for solving these problems has already been formed – this is an intersectoral method, the application of which is justified and demonstrated in the works of M.Iu. Chelyshev.

The convergence of Internet of Things, Blockchain and Connected Vehicles: Conceptual Advantages and Disadvantages of a new Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Vittorio Astarita ◽  
Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè ◽  
Giuseppe Guido ◽  
Alessandro Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
City Management ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology

This paper intends to explore the convergence of some technological innovations that could lead to new cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The technologies that might soon converge and lead to some new developments are: the Blockchain Technology (BT) concept, Internet of Things (IoT) and Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). Advantages and disadvantages of the new concepts founding a new ITS system are discussed in this conceptual paper. Blockchain technology has been recently introduced and many research ideas have been presented for application in the transportation sector. In this paper, we discuss a system that is based on a dedicated blockchain, able to involve both drivers and city administrations in the adoption of promising and innovative technologies that will create cooperation among connected vehicles. The proposed blockchain-based system can allow city administrators to reward drivers when they are willing to share travel data. The system manages in a special way the creation of rewards which are assigned to drivers and institutions participating actively in the system. Moreover, the system allows keeping a complete track of all transactions and interactions between drivers and city management on a completely open and shared platform. The main idea is to combine connected vehicles with BT to promote Cooperative ITS use, a better use of infrastructures and a more sustainable eco-system of cryptocurrencies. A short description of BT is introduced to evidence energy problems of sustainability in the implementation of Proof of Work (PoW) that is adopted by many blockchains.

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