scholarly journals Depression and Its Help Seeking Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Community Survey in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Boru Bifftu ◽  
Wubet Worku Takele ◽  
Yonas Deressa Guracho ◽  
Fekadu Ambaw Yehualashet
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background. Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses affecting around 322 million individual in the world. Although the prevalence of depression is high and its treatment is effective, little is known about its pooled prevalence and help seeking behaviors in the community settings of Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of depression and its help seeking behaviors in Ethiopia. Methods. A systematic literature search in the databases of Pub-Med, Cochrane, and Google Scholar was performed. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool adapted for cross-sectional studies. Heterogeneity test and evidence of publication bias were assessed. Moreover, sensitivity test was also performed. Pooled prevalence of depression and its help seeking behavior were calculated using random effects model. Results. A total 13 studies for depression, 4 studies for help seeking intention, and 5 studies for help seeking behaviour were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of depression and help seeking intention and behaviour was found to be 20.5% (95% CI; 16.5% -24.4%), 42% (95% CI; 23%-60%), and 38% (95% CI; 23%-52%), respectively. There is no significant heterogeneity for depression (I2 = 0%, p =0.620), help seeking intention (I2 = 0%, p =0.996), and behaviour (I2 = 0%, p =0.896). There is no publication bias for depression egger’s test (p =0.689). Conclusion. More than one in every five individuals were experiencing depression. Less than one-third of individuals with depression seek help from modern treatment. Authors suggest community based mental health screening and treatment.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of the prevalence of depression among breast cancer survivors in Iran: an urgent need for community supportive care programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e2019030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ahmadi Gharaei ◽  
Mostafa Dianatinasab ◽  
Seyyed Mostafa Kouhestani ◽  
Mohammad Fararouei ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Depression Assessment

OBJECTIVES: Depression, which is the most common comorbidity in breast cancer (BC) patients, has adverse effects on patients’ quality of life, disease progress, and survival.METHODS: The protocol of this study was registered in PROSPERO (registration No. CRD42019121494). We electronically searched published studies through January 2019 with the aim of finding articles that investigated the prevalence of depression among BC survivors. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched to obtain relevant published studies. This review included 14 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies published from 2000 to 2018. We used a random-effects model to conduct the meta-analysis and generated a summary estimate for the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A subgroup analysis was also conducted based on the depression assessment tool used and the study design.RESULTS: The total sample size of the studies contained 2,799 women with BC, including 1,228 women who were diagnosed with depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among Iranian women with BC was 46.83% (95% CI, 33.77 to 59.88) with significant heterogeneity (I2 =98.5%; p<0.001). The prevalence of depression ranged from 14.00% (95% CI, 4.91 to 23.09) to 95.90% (95% CI, 91.97 to 99.83). The results of the subgroup analyses suggested that the depression assessment tool, year of publication, and study design were sources of heterogeneity.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a high prevalence of depression among BC patients, underscoring the urgent need for clinicians and health authorities to provide well-defined social and psychological supportive care programs for these patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression among women with obstetric fistula: A systematic review and meta-analysis Berhanu Boru Bifftu [BBB] 1*and Yonas Deressa Guracho [YDG]2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Boru Biftu ◽  
Yonas Deressa Guracho
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Objective Obstetric fistula is one of the most devastating birth injuries, affecting up to 3.5 million women. Depression is the priority mental disorders affecting up to 98% the patient living with obstetric fistula and adversely affects their quality of life. Inconsistent reported prevalence of depression and dearth of comprehensive meta-analysis need an up to date evidence for decision makers. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the pooled prevalence of depression among women with obstetric fistula. Methods Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS were searched. Heterogeneity across the studies was assessed by Cochrane chi-square (χ2) and quantified by I 2 statistics test. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to determine publication bias. Sensitivity test and subgroup analysis were also performed. The pooled prevalence of depression was calculated using random effects model and Dersimonian and Laird method. Results Fifteen eligible studies were included in the study. The pooled prevalence of depression was found to be 72% (95% CI; 60%-83%). We found evidence of significant heterogeneity (I 2 =95.64% and p < 0.001). Sensitivity test showed none of the point estimates was outside of the overall 95%CI. No evidence of publication bias egger’s test (p =0.654). Conclusion Around three fourth of women with obstetric fistula experienced depression. Thus, authors’ suggest the need of special attention to mange co-morbid depression among women with obstetric fistula, such as an integrated mental health care.

scholarly journals The Global Prevalence of Anxiety Among Medical Students: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quek ◽  
Tam ◽  
Tran ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Global Prevalence

: Anxiety, although as common and arguably as debilitating as depression, has garnered less attention, and is often undetected and undertreated in the general population. Similarly, anxiety among medical students warrants greater attention due to its significant implications. We aimed to study the global prevalence of anxiety among medical students and the associated factors predisposing medical students to anxiety. In February 2019, we carried out a systematic search for cross-sectional studies that examined the prevalence of anxiety among medical students. We computed the aggregate prevalence and pooled odds ratio (OR) using the random-effects model and used meta-regression analyses to explore the sources of heterogeneity. We pooled and analyzed data from sixty-nine studies comprising 40,348 medical students. The global prevalence rate of anxiety among medical students was 33.8% (95% Confidence Interval: 29.2–38.7%). Anxiety was most prevalent among medical students from the Middle East and Asia. Subgroup analyses by gender and year of study found no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of anxiety. About one in three medical students globally have anxiety—a prevalence rate which is substantially higher than the general population. Administrators and leaders of medical schools should take the lead in destigmatizing mental illnesses and promoting help-seeking behaviors when students are stressed and anxious. Further research is needed to identify risk factors of anxiety unique to medical students.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3406
Author(s):  
Beatriz Olaya ◽  
María Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Juan Bueno-Notivol ◽  
Patricia Gracia-García ◽  
Isabel Lasheras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems

Background: There is evidence of a high psychological toll from the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers. This paper was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Methods: We searched for cross-sectional studies listed on PubMed from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020 that reported prevalence of depression in healthcare workers, nurses, medical doctors, and COVID-19 frontline professionals. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 57 studies from seventeen countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in healthcare workers was 24% (95% CI: 20%−28%), 25% for nurses (95% CI: 18%−33%), 24% for medical doctors (95% CI: 16%−31%), and 43% for frontline professionals (95% CI: 28%−59%). Conclusions: The proportion of depression in nurses and medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that found in the general population as previously reported in other meta-analyses conducted with smaller numbers of studies. Importantly, almost half of the frontline healthcare workers showed increased levels of depression. There is need for a comprehensive, international response to prevent and treat common mental health problems in healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Psychological distress among healthcare providers during COVID-19 in Asia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0257983
Author(s):  
Siew Mooi Ching ◽  
Kar Yean Ng ◽  
Kai Wei Lee ◽  
Anne Yee ◽  
Poh Ying Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Funnel Plot ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction COVID-19 pandemic is having a devastating effect on the mental health and wellbeing of healthcare providers (HCPs) globally. This review is aimed at determining the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, fear, burnout and resilience and its associated factors among HCPs in Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods We performed literature search using 4 databases from Medline, Cinahl, PubMed and Scopus from inception up to March 15, 2021 and selected relevant cross-sectional studies. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot. Random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence while risk factors were reported in odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI. Results We included 148 studies with 159,194 HCPs and the pooled prevalence for depression was 37.5% (95%CI: 33.8–41.3), anxiety 39.7(95%CI: 34.3–45.1), stress 36.4% (95%CI: 23.2–49.7), fear 71.3% (95%CI: 54.6–88.0), burnout 68.3% (95%CI: 54.0–82.5), and low resilience was 16.1% (95%CI: 12.8–19.4), respectively. The heterogeneity was high (I2>99.4%). Meta-analysis reported that both females (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.30–1.68) and nurses (OR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.02–1.45) were at increased risk of having depression and anxiety [(Female: OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.49–1.85), (Nurse: OR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.16–1.58)]. Females were at increased risk of getting stress (OR = 1.59; 95%CI = 1.28–1.97). Conclusion In conclusion, one third of HCPs suffered from depression, anxiety and stress and more than two third of HCPs suffered from fear and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia.

Abstract 14339: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Risk of Clinical Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik Mahfood Haddad ◽  
Shadi Hamdeh ◽  
Mahesh Anantha Narayanan ◽  
Arun Kanmanthareddy ◽  
Venkata M Alla
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Background: Numerous studies have assessed the association of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) withcardiovascular disease (CVD). However, results have been conflicting due to variability in definitionsof NAFLD and ascertainment of CVD, often combining clinical and surrogate endpoints. We therefore systematically reviewed published literature to assess the association between NAFLD and clinical cardiovascular events. Methods: We searched Medline, Cochrane, google scholar, CINAHL, and Web of Sciencedatabasesusing terms “nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”, “cardiovascular disease”, and their combinations to identify studies published through March 2015. Data from selected studies was extracted and meta-analysis was then performed using Random effects model following the PRISMA guidelines. Publication bias and heterogeneity wereassessed. The main outcome measure was Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI. Clinical CVD was defined as symptomatic coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary or peripheral intervention, ischemic stroke, and symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. Results: A total of 7 studies with 14634 patients (NAFLD: 4204; controls: 10430) were included in the final analysis. 3 studies were cross- sectional reporting prevalence, while 4 studies were prospective cohort studies reporting incidence. Patients with NAFLD had a significantly higher risk of clinical CVD compared to controls [OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.89-5.30, P<0.01) (figure 1A). There was significant heterogeneity (I2=93%). Funnel plot and Begg’s test did not reveal significant publication bias. Separate analyses of the cohort and cross sectional studies and exclusion sensitivity analysis did not alter the findings (figure 1B). Conclusion: NAFLD is associated with a three fold increase in the risk of clinical CVD compared to controls without NAFLD. These results need to be conformed in large prospective studies.

Global and regional geographical prevalence of depression in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2019-002050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kouhestani ◽  
Hasan Ahmadi Gharaei ◽  
Mohammad Fararouei ◽  
Hasan Hosienpour Ghahremanloo ◽  
Reza Ghaiasvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

BackgroundSubstantial uncertainty exists about the prevalence of depression in patients with gastric cancer. We aimed to summarise the global and regional pooled prevalence of depression among patients with gastric cancer.MethodUp to February 2020, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of science (ISI) and PsychINFO to identify published studies on the prevalence of depression among patients with gastric cancer. The study selection procedure was in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We estimated the prevalence of depression in gastric cancer patients using a random-effect pooled estimate analysis approach with subgroup analysis based on WHO regions, and methods of depression measurement.ResultsTotally, we retrieved 3781 studies from the previously mentioned databases, of which 18 (12 cross-sectional and 6 cohort studies in design) met the eligibility criteria, which were published from 2001 to 2017 in different regions. The total sample size of the included studied contained 4709 patients with gastric cancer, of which 1885 cases were diagnosed with depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among gastric cancer patients was 37%(95% CI: 26% to 48%). Subgroup analysis showed that the highest prevalence of depression was in Eastern Mediterranean (pooled prevalence=42%; 95% CI: 18% to 65%) followed by the Western Pacific region (pooled prevalence=40%;95% CI: 26% to 54%). The results indicated a significant heterogeneity (I2=98.8%,P<0.05).ConclusionOur findings indicated that depression is high among gastric cancer patients. The findings suggest health authorities to provide specially designed social and psychological supportive care services, including screening for depression, among such patients.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020139836.

Association between outdoor PM2.5 and prevalence of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (1129) ◽  
pp. 612-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Han ◽  
Xiaoyan Yang ◽  
Donggang Xu ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Dongqun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Leave One Out ◽  
Age Over 60

There were conflictions and differences among the results of cross-sectional studies association between PM2.5 and COPD prevalence. We aimed to explore the real association between outdoor PM2.5 and COPD prevalence, analyze the possible cause to the differences and conflictions in previous cross-sectional studies. Cross-sectional literatures about the association between outdoor PM2.5 and COPD prevalence were selected up to 12 September 2018. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore the source of the heterogeneity. Publication bias was tested via funnel plot. Leave-one-out method was used to conduct influential analysis. Variance analysis was used to analyze the influence of concentration, literature quality and age (over 60 or not) on the ln (aOR) values. The initial search revealed 230 studies, of which 8 were selected. The heterogeneity in this study was significant (I2=62, P<0.01), and random effects model was used. The pooled OR for the association between PM2.5 and COPD prevalence is 2.32(95%CI, 1.91-2.82). There was no evidence of publication bias. Subgroup analysis showed the subgroup of age seemed to be the source of heterogeneity (P=0.0143, residual I2=0%). Variance analysis showed that the differences of ln (aOR) among each concentration group(p=0.0075) were statistically significant, the same as age groups(P=0.0234). This meta-analysis study demonstrated a conclusive association between PM2.5 and prevalence of COPD (OR: 2.32, 95%CI 1.91–2.82). The significant heterogeneity among selected studies was mainly caused by age (over 60 or not). High PM2.5 concentration should be needed in further research of the relationship between PM2.5 and chronic diseases.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) among people with HIV in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosef Zenebe ◽  
Baye Akele ◽  
Mulugeta W/Selassie ◽  
Mogesie Necho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Size Heterogeneity

Abstract Background Ethiopia, being in the Sub Saharan region of Africa, is one of the countries with a substantial burden of HIV infection. Because of the high burden of HIV and poor health care settings, HAND is prevalent as demonstrated in various cross-sectional studies. However, no review has been conducted to report the consolidated magnitude of HAND among people with HIV in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of HAND in Ethiopia. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that investigated the prevalence of HAND in Ethiopia from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, HINARI, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. We also looked at the reference lists of the included studies to include other relevant studies. Subgroup analysis was performed based on publication year, study location, and sample size. Heterogeneity across studies was evaluated using the I2 test. Potential publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test and visual inspection of symmetry in the funnel plots. Results In the present meta-analysis, 627 articles were initially identified and evaluated. Of these, 8 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of HAND in people with HIV in Ethiopia was 39.15% (95% CI 29.36, 48.94). The highest prevalence observed in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) with 53.20% (95% CI 25.96, 80.44) followed by others 34.87% (Tigray, Addis Ababa, and Oromia) (95% CI 33.49, 36.24) and Amhara 34.07% (95% CI 25.39, 42.74).The funnel plot was asymmetrical. However, Egger’s regression tests provided no evidence of publication bias in the prevalence of HAND. Conclusion In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of HAND, in Ethiopia, was high. Older age, substance use, advanced stages of the disease, and lack of education were the main determinants of HAND in Ethiopia. Health education, early screening of people with HIV, and training of health professionals working in hospitals on HAND are highly recommended.

Association between diabetes and keratoconus—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110531
Author(s):  
Prince K Akowuah ◽  
Christabel Arthur ◽  
Fredrick A Otabil ◽  
Collins A Ofori ◽  
Kofi Osei-Poku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose To assess the association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for literature on the association between diabetes and keratoconus. The last literature search was conducted on April 4, 2021. A secondary form of the literature search was conducted by manually scanning the reference list of retrieved eligible articles. Included studies were cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional study design that used odds ratio or risk ratio to evaluate the relationship between keratoconus and diabetes. Egger's test was used to assess the presence of publication bias. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Nine studies (six case-control and three cohort studies) published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The total number of keratoconus patients and controls were 27,311 and 53,732. respectively. Meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus; the pooled odds ratio was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.14; p = 0.314). There was significant heterogeneity ( Q (df = 7) = 33.36, p < 0.001; I 2  = 79.01, p < 0.001). Age of participants ( p < 0.0001), study design ( p < 0.001), and sample size ( p = 0.024) were significant sources of heterogeneity. There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion The current meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Well-designed longitudinal prospective studies are, however, needed to investigate any association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus.

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