Computational Techniques for Eye Movements Analysis towards Supporting Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

An opportune early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would help to overcome symptoms and improve the quality of life for AD patients. Research studies have identified early manifestations of AD that occur years before the diagnosis. For instance, eye movements of people with AD in different tasks differ from eye movements of control subjects. In this review, we present a summary and evolution of research approaches that use eye tracking technology and computational analysis to measure and compare eye movements under different tasks and experiments. Furthermore, this review is targeted to the feasibility of pioneer work on developing computational tools and techniques to analyze eye movements under naturalistic scenarios. We describe the progress in technology that can enhance the analysis of eye movements everywhere while subjects perform their daily activities and give future research directions to develop tools to support early AD diagnosis through analysis of eye movements.

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Direct modulation of the gut microbiota as a therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527320666210806165751 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Wang ◽

Gary A. Dykes

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Progressive Decline ◽

Direct Modulation ◽

Wide Range ◽

Research Findings ◽

Future Research Directions

: Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive decline in memory and cognitive functions. It is a multifactorial disease involving a wide range of pathological factors that are not fully understood. As supported by a growing amount of evidence in recent years, the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease through the brain-gut-microbiota axis. This suggests that direct modulation of the gut microbiota can be a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease. This review summarizes recent research findings on the modulation of the gut microbiota by probiotic therapies and faecal microbiota transplantation for controlling the pathologies of Alzheimer’s disease. Current limitations and future research directions of this field are also discussed.

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Science for All through Reflective Interactions

Meta-Communication for Reflective Online Conversations ◽

10.4018/978-1-61350-071-2.ch006 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 102-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jennifer J. Neakrase ◽

H. Prentice Baptiste ◽

Ashley N. Ryan ◽

Elsa Q. Villa

Keyword(s):

Science Classroom ◽

Future Research ◽

Online Environment ◽

Science Content ◽

Science Concept ◽

Research Directions ◽

Online Interactions ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

The Individual

One of the goals of science education is to ensure that the discipline of science is accessible to all individuals. By many organizations this has been termed “Science for All,” and those who promote this idea also advocate the connection to science literacy. Teaching science in the online environment has been one way to offer science content to many different individuals, who do not necessarily need to be in the same location. Discourse in the science classroom is framed under situated cognition theory, whereby interactions between individuals are part of the normal culture of the classroom. For science knowledge to be adequately constructed by a student these interactions must be meaningful ones. This is especially important in an online science course where typically learning occurs through interactions between the students and the instructor, the students with one another, and within the individual themselves. As part of these online interactions, good reflective practice includes the different forms of feedback and the quality of this feedback. However, even with quality reflective interactions, there are barriers to science concept construction in an online environment. These barriers are discussed, and future research directions are suggested based on this review.

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Galling phenomena in metal forming

Friction ◽

10.1007/s40544-020-0430-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kuniaki Dohda ◽

Masahito Yamamoto ◽

Chengliang Hu ◽

Laurent Dubar ◽

Kornel F. Ehmann

Keyword(s):

Metal Forming ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Growth Models ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Bulk Metal ◽

Engineered Surfaces ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Effects Of Temperature

AbstractGalling phenomena in metal forming not only affect the quality of the engineered surfaces but also the success or failure of the manufacturing operation itself. This paper reviews the different galling conditions in sheet and bulk metal forming processes along with their evolution and the effects of temperature on galling. A group of anti-galling methods employed to prevent galling defects are also presented in detail. The techniques for quantitatively measuring galling are introduced, and the related prediction models, including friction, wear, and galling growth models, are presented to better understand the underlying phenomena. Galling phenomena in other processes similar to those occurring in metal forming are also examined to suggest different ways of further studying galling in metal forming. Finally, future research directions for the study of galling in metal forming are suggested.

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Better Sleep Experience for the Critically Ill: A Comprehensive Strategy for Designing Hospital Soundscapes

Multimodal Technologies and Interaction ◽

10.3390/mti3020036 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dilip Birdja ◽

Elif Özcan

Keyword(s):

Critical Care ◽

Medical Device ◽

Design Approach ◽

Future Research ◽

Comprehensive Strategy ◽

Research Directions ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Knowledge Deficits

In this paper, the sleep phenomenon is considered in relation to critical care soundscapes with the intention to inform hospital management, medical device producers and policy makers regarding the complexity of the issue and possible modes of design interventions. We propose a comprehensive strategy based on soundscape design approach that facilitates a systematic way of tackling the auditory quality of critical care settings in favor of better patient sleep experience. Future research directions are presented to tackle the knowledge deficits in designing for critical care soundscapes that cater for patient sleep. The need for scientifically-informed design interventions for improving patient sleep experience in critical care is highlighted. The value of the soundscape design approach for resolving other sound-induced problems in critical care and how the approach allows for patient-centred innovation that is beyond the immediate sound issue are further discussed.

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Maturing and Aging Together

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795574.013.35 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Miri Scharf

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

The Past ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Frequency Of Contact ◽

Future Research Directions

Relatively little research has examined the grandparent–adult grandchild relationship, although these relationships might play a more significant role than in the past, possibly impacting grandchildren’s development and the adjustment of both parties. This chapter reviews different theoretical perspectives related to this bond and presents the special flavor of this bond during emerging adulthood resulting from the different developmental trajectories of grandparents and grandchildren that mutually influence one another. Empirical findings demonstrating large variation both within and between families regarding frequency of contact and quality of the relations are presented, as well as various contextual and demographic variables that might mediate and moderate these variations. Finally, the importance of studying this bond, future research directions, and possible implications are discussed.

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Locomotor economy

10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0021 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Don W. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Athletic Performance ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Research Findings ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Physically Challenged

Chapter 21 presents and synthesizes research findings related to various aspects of locomotor economy during the childhood and adolescent years. Because the majority of research has been conducted on walking and running, the material presented in this chapter will focus exclusively on these modes of gait. It concludes by proposing future research directions to guide sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians in their quest to understand the factors responsible for efficient locomotion in children, improve the athletic performance of youngsters, and enhance the functional mobility and quality of life of physically challenged youth.

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Dance for People with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205016666190725151614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 919-933 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alicia Ruiz-Muelle ◽

María Mar López-Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Dance Therapy ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Future Research

Background: In recent years, several reviews have addressed the effectiveness of dance therapy in dementia, healthy older adults, or the elderly in general. However, reviews regarding the effect of this therapy exclusively on patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease have not been found. Objective: The purpose of this study is to review the available literature describing clinical trials which explore the effects of dancing on psychological and physical outcomes, functionality, cognitive function, and quality of life in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, this review aims to assess the quality of studies that perform dance therapy interventions in these patients. Methods: This study is a systematic review of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials regarding the effect of intervention including a dancing activity in people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Results: In total, the evidence for this review rests on 12 studies with a total of 349 participants. The findings of this mini-review confirm the positive effect of dance therapy on physical and cognitive function, functionality, psychological outcomes, and quality of life in people with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: Most of the studies implementing dance as part of the therapeutic treatment has shown to improve or slow the worsening in the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers. Future research focused on these patients should use a more exhaustive methodology and make a more detailed description of these kind of interventions.

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Moving to the Edge-Cloud-of-Things: Recent Advances and Future Research Directions

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics7110309 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 309 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Hind Bangui ◽

Said Rakrak ◽

Said Raghay ◽

Barbora Buhnova

Keyword(s):

Cloud Computing ◽

Leading Edge ◽

Cloud Services ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Iot Applications ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Iot Devices ◽

The Internet Of Things

Cloud computing has significantly enhanced the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) by ensuring and supporting the Quality of Service (QoS) of IoT applications. However, cloud services are still far from IoT devices. Notably, the transmission of IoT data experiences network issues, such as high latency. In this case, the cloud platforms cannot satisfy the IoT applications that require real-time response. Yet, the location of cloud services is one of the challenges encountered in the evolution of the IoT paradigm. Recently, edge cloud computing has been proposed to bring cloud services closer to the IoT end-users, becoming a promising paradigm whose pitfalls and challenges are not yet well understood. This paper aims at presenting the leading-edge computing concerning the movement of services from centralized cloud platforms to decentralized platforms, and examines the issues and challenges introduced by these highly distributed environments, to support engineers and researchers who might benefit from this transition.

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Internet of Things (IoT) Operating Systems Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Solution

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19081793 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1793 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Yousaf Bin Zikria ◽

Sung Won Kim ◽

Oliver Hahm ◽

Muhammad Khalil Afzal ◽

Mohammed Y. Aalsalem

Keyword(s):

Internet Of Things ◽

Low Cost ◽

Future Research ◽

Technological Innovations ◽

Special Issue ◽

Research Directions ◽

Key Factor ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Standard Set

Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly growing and contributing drastically to improve the quality of life. Immense technological innovations and growth is a key factor in IoT advancements. Readily available low cost IoT hardware is essential for continuous adaptation of IoT. Advancements in IoT Operating System (OS) to support these newly developed IoT hardware along with the recent standards and techniques for all the communication layers are the way forward. The variety of IoT OS availability demands to support interoperability that requires to follow standard set of rules for development and protocol functionalities to support heterogeneous deployment scenarios. IoT requires to be intelligent to self-adapt according to the network conditions. In this paper, we present brief overview of different IoT OSs, supported hardware, and future research directions. Therein, we provide overview of the accepted papers in our Special Issue on IoT OS management: opportunities, challenges, and solution. Finally, we conclude the manuscript.

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Should we expect bilingualism to confer cognitive benefits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders?

10.31219/osf.io/encpw ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rachael Davis ◽

Lewis Montgomery ◽

Hugh Rabagliati ◽

Antonella Sorace ◽

Sue Fletcher-Watson

Keyword(s):

Research Priorities ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Future Research ◽

High Quality Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Cognitive Benefits ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

The Impact

This article examines the ways in which bilingualism influences social and cognitive development and identifies intersections between corresponding aspects of autism, to inform future research directions. Three key domains are identified: social cognition; executive functions; and social-cultural factors. In each case we describe the evidence for the impact of bilingualism in typical development and map this onto what is known about the domain in autism. We examine the methodological quality of the existing literature to make recommendations for future approaches. Results suggest a dearth of high-quality research and lack of consensus. Research priorities include the need for innovative designs to explore potential impacts of bilingualism in order to increase the validity of the evidence base for caregivers and professionals.

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