scholarly journals Urethral Polyembolokoilamania: An Unusual Manifestation of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Reem M. A. Shafi ◽  
Laura Suarez ◽  
Maria I. Lapid
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Unusual Manifestation ◽  
Caregiver Education ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
Related Symptom ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have varied presentations and frequently occur throughout the trajectory of dementia. Hypersexuality and general disinhibition of societal and cultural norms are commonly documented in all types of dementia. However, sparse literature exists on polyembolokoilamania (insertion of foreign objects in bodily orifices) without a sexual component as a dementia-related symptom. We review an unusual case of a 94-year-old man who presented with urethral polyembolokoilamania without hypersexuality or other behavioral disinhibition. We highlight clinical considerations of managing urethral polyembolokoilamania in an elderly patient without a previous neurocognitive disorder diagnosis. A multidisciplinary team approach with input from Internal Medicine, Urology, Psychiatry, and Neurology lead to a comprehensive assessment of a patient that could have been managed solely as a surgical case. This spearheaded a formal diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder—guiding successful management, follow-up, caregiver education, and reduction of further harm.

scholarly journals The impact of lockdown during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
Arianna Manini ◽  
Michela Brambilla ◽  
Laura Maggiore ◽  
Simone Pomati ◽  
Leonardo Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract Background During Covid-19 pandemic, the Italian government adopted restrictive limitations and declared a national lockdown on March 9, which lasted until May 4 and produced dramatic consequences on people’s lives. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of prolonged lockdown on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Methods Between April 30 and June 8, 2020, we interviewed with a telephone-based questionnaire the caregivers of the community-dwelling patients with dementia who had their follow-up visit scheduled from March 9 to May 15 and canceled due to lockdown. Among the information collected, patients’ BPSDs were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Non-parametric tests to compare differences between NPI scores over time and logistic regression models to explore the impact of different factors on BPSD worsening were performed. Results A total of 109 visits were canceled and 94/109 caregivers completed the interview. Apathy, irritability, agitation and aggression, and depression were the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms experienced by patients both at baseline and during Covid-19 pandemic. Changes in total NPI and caregiver distress scores between baseline and during lockdown, although statistically significant, were overall modest. The logistic regression model failed to determine predictors of BPSD worsening during lockdown. Conclusion This is one of the first studies to investigate the presence of BPSD during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and related nationwide lockdown, showing only slight, likely not clinically relevant, differences in BPSD burden, concerning mostly agitation and aggression, anxiety, apathy and indifference, and irritability.

scholarly journals The development and testing of the quality use of medications in dementia (QUM-D): a tool for quality prescribing for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1313-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelle Peisah ◽  
Julie-Anne Strukovski ◽  
Chanaka Wijeratne ◽  
Rosalind Mulholland ◽  
Georgina Luscombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
First Line ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Inclusive Concept ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground:Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are virtually ubiquitous in dementia. Excessive recourse to use of psychotropics which have high risk to benefit ratio remains a global problem. We aimed to identify components of quality prescribing in BPSD to develop a tool for quality prescribing and to test this tool.Methods:We used Delphi methodology to identify elements of quality prescribing in BPSD. The tool was tested by a range of medical and nursing professionals on 48 patients, in inpatient and ambulatory settings in Northern Sydney Local Health District, Australia.Results:Consensual opinion using Delphi method was that quality prescribing in dementia comprised ten factors including failure to use first line non-pharmacological strategies, indication, choice of drug, consent, dosage, mode of administration, titration, polypharmacy, toxicity, and review. These elements formed the quality use of medications in dementia (QUM-D) tool, lower scores of which reflected quality prescribing, with a possible range of scores from 0 to 30. When inter-rater reliability was tested on a subgroup of raters, QUM-D showed high inter-rater reliability. A significant reduction in QUM-D scores was demonstrated from baseline to follow-up, mean difference being 5.3 (SD = 3.8; 95% confidence interval 4.1–6.4;t= 9.5; df = 47;p< 0.001). There was also a significant reduction in score from baseline to follow-up when rated by clinical nurse consultants from a specialized behavior assessment management service (BAMS) (N= 12).Conclusion:The QUM-D is a tool which may help to improve quality prescribing practices in the context of BPSD. In this setting, we consider quality prescribing, and accordingly the obligations of prescribers, to be an inclusive concept rather than just adding to the mantra of “not prescribing.”

scholarly journals P1-214: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Dementia: a 5-Year Cohort Follow Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P487-P487
Author(s):  
Erika P. Guartazaca Gerrero ◽  
Jorge J. Llibre Guerra ◽  
Juan C. Llibre ◽  
Milagros A. Guerra Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

scholarly journals Animal-Assisted and Pet-Robot Interventions for Ameliorating Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangki Park ◽  
Ahream Bak ◽  
Sujin Kim ◽  
Yunkwon Nam ◽  
Hyeon soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Animal Assisted Intervention ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Patients with dementia suffer from psychological symptoms such as depression, agitation, and aggression. One purpose of dementia intervention is to manage patients’ inappropriate behaviors and psychological symptoms while taking into consideration their quality of life (QOL). Animal-assisted intervention (AAI) and pet-robot intervention (PRI) are effective intervention strategies for older people with cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition, AAI and PRI have been shown to have positive effects on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, studies into the association between AAI/PRI and BPSD have elicited inconsistent results. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate this association. We analyzed nine randomized controlled trials on AAI and PRI for dementia patients published between January 2000 and August 2019 and evaluated the impact of AAI/PRI on agitation, depression, and QOL. We found that AAI and PRI significantly reduce depression in patients with dementia. Subsequent studies should investigate the impact of AAI and PRI on the physical ability and cognitive function of dementia patients and conduct a follow-up to investigate their effects on the rate of progression and reduction of symptoms of dementia. Our research will help with neuropsychological and environmental intervention to delay or improve the development and progression of BPSD.

scholarly journals Pharmacologic management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of major neurocognitive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 284-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Mathys
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Medication Regimen ◽  
First Line ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Pharmacologic Management ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
First Line Treatment

Abstract Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) occur in approximately 80% of patients who receive a diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder. Nonpharmacologic strategies are the first-line treatment for BPSD. However, psychotropic medications are often necessary when nonpharmacologic methods are not effective in treating symptoms that are distressing or are causing behaviors that are dangerous to the patient or the patient's caregivers. The article provides a review of evidence-based recommendations for the use of antipsychotics, cognitive enhancers, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors for the treatment of BPSD. Different pharmacologic approaches are demonstrated through 2 patient cases in which nonpharmacologic management was not effective. The severity of BPSD must be weighed against the risks and benefits of pharmacologic intervention in order to implement an optimal medication regimen.

A 1-Year Follow-Up Study of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia Among People in Care Environments

2001 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive G. Ballard ◽  
Marisa Margallo-Lana ◽  
Jane Fossey ◽  
Katharina Reichelt ◽  
Pat Myint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Effectiveness of the On-the-Spot-EMDR Method for the Treatment of Behavioral Symptoms in Patients With Severe Dementia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaki Amano ◽  
Motomi Toichi
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Although the main symptoms of dementia consist of neuropsychological impairment, particularly long-term memory, dementia often involves severe behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). There are quite a few patients whose BPSD are untreatable with medication. Such BPSD often have some characteristics similar to traumatic symptoms and appear related to the recollection of disturbing past traumatic events. Because the standard protocol of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is not directly applicable to patients with dementia, we developed a modified protocol, the on-the-spot-EMDR method. This study describes the protocol and evaluates its application to three patients with moderate to severe dementia. Clear therapeutic effects were evident, and all three individuals showed pronounced improvement in BPSD, with results maintained at 6-month follow-up. The relevance of these findings is discussed and suggestions made for future research.

Premorbid personality traits are associated with post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms: a three-month follow-up study in Perth, Western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R. Greenop ◽  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Graeme J. Hankey ◽  
Frank van Bockxmeer ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Close Family Member ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground: Previous research has found an association between post-stroke depressive symptoms and premorbid personality. This study sought to investigate further the relationship between premorbid personality and a number of common post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms in a three-month follow-up study.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between May 2003 and January 2005 in a Perth metropolitan teaching hospital. The pre-stroke personality of stroke survivors was assessed by interviewing a close family member (informant) within four weeks of the index stroke using the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. Three months after the stroke, patients were followed up and assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive examination and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and their informants completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-carer distress version (NPI) and instrumental activities of daily living scale.Results: Depressive symptoms were the most commonly reported post-stroke symptom (45.1%). Spearman's correlations showed that high neuroticism was positively correlated with NPI total scores (ρ = 0.37, p = 0.007), NPI total distress scores (ρ = 0.47, p = 0.001), and specifically with agitation and irritability NPI composite scores. Agreeableness was inversely correlated with agitation (ρ = −0.40, p = 0.004) and irritability (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.007) composite scores.Conclusions: Premorbid personality traits of high neuroticism and low agreeableness are associated with the presence of post-stroke agitation, irritability, and carer distress. This knowledge may contribute to the development of strategies designed to identify patients and families who require more intense supervision and support during post-stroke rehabilitation.

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