scholarly journals Animal-Assisted and Pet-Robot Interventions for Ameliorating Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangki Park ◽  
Ahream Bak ◽  
Sujin Kim ◽  
Yunkwon Nam ◽  
Hyeon soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Animal Assisted Intervention ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Patients with dementia suffer from psychological symptoms such as depression, agitation, and aggression. One purpose of dementia intervention is to manage patients’ inappropriate behaviors and psychological symptoms while taking into consideration their quality of life (QOL). Animal-assisted intervention (AAI) and pet-robot intervention (PRI) are effective intervention strategies for older people with cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition, AAI and PRI have been shown to have positive effects on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, studies into the association between AAI/PRI and BPSD have elicited inconsistent results. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate this association. We analyzed nine randomized controlled trials on AAI and PRI for dementia patients published between January 2000 and August 2019 and evaluated the impact of AAI/PRI on agitation, depression, and QOL. We found that AAI and PRI significantly reduce depression in patients with dementia. Subsequent studies should investigate the impact of AAI and PRI on the physical ability and cognitive function of dementia patients and conduct a follow-up to investigate their effects on the rate of progression and reduction of symptoms of dementia. Our research will help with neuropsychological and environmental intervention to delay or improve the development and progression of BPSD.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Literature for the Effects of Music on Dementia Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wally J. Bartfay ◽  
Andra Duff-Woskosky ◽  
Julie Earle ◽  
Marina Ali ◽  
Sheri Horsburgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
English Articles

Introduction: There are over 100 different forms of dementia which is a broad term employed to describe symptoms effecting the brain caused by neurological and vascular diseases. It is a neurological disease that results in a decline in cognitive, social and physical disability which currently has no cure. The prevalence is expected to triple by 2050, due to the aging population trends in Canada. It has been estimated that 24.3 million people have dementia, and there are 4.6 million new cases annually, which accounts for one case every 3 seconds globally. Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of music therapy on behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia and the quality of life. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in Ovid Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO from January 2000 until August 2019. A data abstraction template was employed to for data management and organization. We included all peer reviewed, English articles, RCT’s, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, abstract pool and all or some key words. Results: From 968 potentially relevant records, 55 studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 20 met the inclusion criteria. Overall the studies showed a significant impact on mitigating agitation, reducing BPSD and improving memory, cognition, QOL and decreasing anxiety and symptoms associated with depression. Conclusion: The role of musical interventions found in the literature demonstrates the benefits of music therapy on dementia patients due to its positive effects on BPSD, quality of life and other behavioral symptoms.

scholarly journals Animal-Assisted Intervention and Dementia: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Yakimicki ◽  
Nancy E. Edwards ◽  
Elizabeth Richards ◽  
Alan M. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Animal Assisted Intervention ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

This review discusses the relationship between animal-assisted interventions (AAI) and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). A systematic search was conducted within CINAHL, Web of Science CAB Abstracts, PubMed, Abstracts in Social Gerontology, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO for primary research articles. A total of 32 studies were included in the final review. Variation was noted in study designs and in study setting. Twenty-seven of 32 studies used dogs as the intervention. Agitation/aggression showed a significant decrease in nine of 15 studies. Eleven of 12 studies demonstrated increased social interaction with AAI. Mood had mixed results in nine studies. Quality of life was increased in three of four studies. Resident activity and nutritional intake were each increased in two studies. Animal assisted activities/interventions showed a strong positive effect on social behaviors, physical activity, and dietary intake in dementia patients and a positive effect on agitation/aggression and quality of life.

scholarly journals The impact of lockdown during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
Arianna Manini ◽  
Michela Brambilla ◽  
Laura Maggiore ◽  
Simone Pomati ◽  
Leonardo Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract Background During Covid-19 pandemic, the Italian government adopted restrictive limitations and declared a national lockdown on March 9, which lasted until May 4 and produced dramatic consequences on people’s lives. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of prolonged lockdown on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Methods Between April 30 and June 8, 2020, we interviewed with a telephone-based questionnaire the caregivers of the community-dwelling patients with dementia who had their follow-up visit scheduled from March 9 to May 15 and canceled due to lockdown. Among the information collected, patients’ BPSDs were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Non-parametric tests to compare differences between NPI scores over time and logistic regression models to explore the impact of different factors on BPSD worsening were performed. Results A total of 109 visits were canceled and 94/109 caregivers completed the interview. Apathy, irritability, agitation and aggression, and depression were the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms experienced by patients both at baseline and during Covid-19 pandemic. Changes in total NPI and caregiver distress scores between baseline and during lockdown, although statistically significant, were overall modest. The logistic regression model failed to determine predictors of BPSD worsening during lockdown. Conclusion This is one of the first studies to investigate the presence of BPSD during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and related nationwide lockdown, showing only slight, likely not clinically relevant, differences in BPSD burden, concerning mostly agitation and aggression, anxiety, apathy and indifference, and irritability.

scholarly journals Positive effects of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality of industrial cities (Ankleshwar and Vapi) of Western India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritwik Nigam ◽  
Kanvi Pandya ◽  
Alvarinho J. Luis ◽  
Raja Sengupta ◽  
Mahender Kotha
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Western India ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOn January 30, 2020, India recorded its first COVID-19 positive case in Kerala, which was followed by a nationwide lockdown extended in four different phases from 25th March to 31st May, 2020, and an unlock period thereafter. The lockdown has led to colossal economic loss to India; however, it has come as a respite to the environment. Utilizing the air quality index (AQI) data recorded during this adverse time, the present study is undertaken to assess the impact of lockdown on the air quality of Ankleshwar and Vapi, Gujarat, India. The AQI data obtained from the Central Pollution Control Board was assessed for four lockdown phases. We compared air quality data for the unlock phase with a coinciding period in 2019 to determine the changes in pollutant concentrations during the lockdown, analyzing daily AQI data for six pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, CO, NO2, O3, and SO2). A meta-analysis of continuous data was performed to determine the mean and standard deviation of each lockdown phase, and their differences were computed in percentage in comparison to 2019; along with the linear correlation analysis and linear regression analysis to determine the relationship among the air pollutants and their trend for the lockdown days. The results revealed different patterns of gradual to a rapid reduction in most of the pollutant concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO2), and an increment in ozone concentration was observed due to a drastic reduction in NO2 by 80.18%. Later, increases in other pollutants were also observed as the restrictions were eased during phase-4 and unlock 1. The comparison between the two cities found that factors like distance from the Arabian coast and different industrial setups played a vital role in different emission trends.

Novel Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Psychosis and Aggression Associated With Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Davidson ◽  
Mark Weiser ◽  
Karla Soares
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Small Patient ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have a significant impact on patients and their families. These symptoms affect quality of life and medical and social service utilization, and determine time of institutionalization. Over the past three decades, academic-based clinical investigators have conducted trials of almost all classes of marketed psychotropics in an attempt to ameliorate these symptoms. With few exceptions, these studies suffered from serious methodologic shortcomings, such as small patient populations or too many outcome measurements (Stern et al., 1997). Despite these flaws and equivocal findings, a consensus has emerged, and antipsychotics have become the most commonly prescribed drugs for this condition (see consensus statement in this issue). Unfortunately, a meta-analysis of trials of conventional neuroleptics has revealed that this class of drugs is barely superior to placebo (see article by Lon Schneider in this issue). In addition, conventional neuroleptics cause extrapyramidal adverse effects, tardive dyskinesia, sedation, and cardiovascular instability, adverse effects to which the elderly are particularly vulnerable.

Comparison of QOL between patients with different degenerative dementias, focusing especially on positive and negative affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1355-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kairi Kurisu ◽  
Seishi Terada ◽  
Etsuko Oshima ◽  
Makiko Horiuchi ◽  
Nao Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground:Quality of life (QOL) has become an important outcome measure in the care of dementia patients. However, there have been few studies focusing on the difference in QOL between different dementias.Methods:Two-hundred seventy-nine consecutive outpatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) were recruited. The QOL was evaluated objectively using the QOL Questionnaire for Dementia (QOL-D).The QOL-D comprises six domains: positive affect, negative affect and actions, communication, restlessness, attachment to others, and spontaneity. General cognition, daily activities, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia were also evaluated.Results:The scores of positive affect of QOL-D of AD patients were significantly higher than those of patients with DLB or FTD (AD 3.1 ± 0.8, DLB 2.6 ± 0.9, FTD 2.6 ± 0.7). The scores of negative affect and action of QOL-D of FTD patients were significantly higher than those of patients with AD or DLB (FTD 2.0 ± 0.8, AD 1.4 ± 0.5, DLB 1.5 ± 0.6). The apathy scores of FTD and DLB patients were significantly higher than those of patients with AD. The disinhibition scores of FTD patients were significantly higher than those of patients with AD or DLB.Conclusions:The apathy of FTD and DLB patients and depression of DLB patients might affect the lower positive affect of FTD and DLB patients compared to AD patients. The disinhibition of FTD patients might affect the abundance of negative affect & actions in FTD patients compared to AD and DLB patients.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicine for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Young Kwon ◽  
Boram Lee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Background: Dementia is a global health concern, causing serious health and socioeconomic burdens with population aging. The associated symptoms of dementia, called behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), are factors contributing to the socioeconomic burden of dementia. Recently, herbal medicine (HM) has attracted attention as a potential complementary therapy for BPSD. Therefore, this systematic review was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness (or efficacy), safety, and research status of HM in BPSD management through a comprehensive review.Methods: Thirteen electronic databases were searched comprehensively. Related clinical studies published until December 28, 2020, were collected. The methodological quality was evaluated using tools such as the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool according to the study design. The effectiveness (or efficacy) was analyzed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, and when sufficient homogeneity was assured, effect estimates were presented as mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR), with 95% confidence interval (CIs), through a meta-analysis.Results: A total of 52 clinical studies, including 36 RCTs, were included in this review. As an adjunctive therapy, HM showed statistically significant benefits in BPSD severity assessed by the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale (combined with psychotropic drugs: MD = −3.48, 95% CI: −3.96 to −2.99; with anti-dementia drugs: MD = −2.81, 95% CI: −3.17 to −2.45) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (with anti-dementia drugs: MD = −3.23, 95% CI: −4.06 to −2.40). Adverse events were significantly less frequent in the HM group (RR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.88). However, the methodological quality of the RCTs included in this systematic review was not optimal overall.Conclusion: According to the findings of this review, HM may be associated with additional benefits in BPSD treatment, particularly when used as an adjunct to conventional medications, including psychotropic and anti-dementia drugs. However, considering the methodological quality of the included RCTs, this clinical evidence is not robust. Nevertheless, dementia is a global health concern, and considering the limitations of conventional psychotropic drugs for BPSD, a major cause of the disease burden, HM appears to be a promising complementary therapy that warrants further research.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) and caregiver well-being

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1761-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Feast ◽  
Esme Moniz-Cook ◽  
Charlotte Stoner ◽  
Georgina Charlesworth ◽  
Martin Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground:Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are important predictors of institutionalization as well as caregiver burden and depression. Previous reviews have tended to group BPSD as one category with little focus on the role of the individual symptoms. This review investigates the role of the individual symptoms of BPSD in relation to the impact on different measures of family caregiver well-being.Methods:Systematic review and meta-analysis of papers published in English between 1980 and December 2015 reporting which BPSD affect caregiver well-being. Paper quality was appraised using the Downs and Black Checklist (1998).Results:Forty medium and high quality quantitative papers met the inclusion criteria, 16 were suitable to be included in a meta-analysis of mean distress scores. Depressive behaviors were the most distressing for caregivers followed by agitation/aggression and apathy. Euphoria was the least distressing. Correlation coefficients between mean total behavior scores and mean distress scores were pooled for four studies. Irritability, aberrant motor behavior and delusions were the most strongly correlated to distress, disinhibition was the least correlated.Conclusions:The evidence is not conclusive as to whether some BPSD impact caregiver well-being more than others. Studies which validly examined BPSD individually were limited, and the included studies used numerous measures of BPSD and numerous measures of caregiver well-being. Future research may benefit from a consistent measure of BPSD, examining BPSD individually, and by examining the causal mechanisms by which BPSD impact well-being by including caregiver variables so that interventions can be designed to target BPSD more effectively.

TOP CITED PAPERS IN INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS: 6a. QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA LIVING IN RESIDENTIAL AND NURSING HOME CARE: THE IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE ON ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING, BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS, LANGUAGE SKILLS, AND PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ballard ◽  
M. Margallo-Lana ◽  
J. T. O'Brien ◽  
I. James ◽  
R. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

The majority of people with dementia develop behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) at some point during their illness (Jeste et al., 2008). These symptoms, which are especially common among care home residents, are frequently distressing for the patients who experience them (Gilley et al., 2006; Jeste et al., 2008) and problematic for their professional and/or family caregivers. The starting point for our paper “Quality of life for people with dementia living in residential and nursing home care: the impact of performance on activities of daily living, behavioral and psychological symptoms, language skills, and psychotropic drugs” (Ballard et al., 2001) was to try and understand the impact of BPSD, function and language skills on quality of life in care home residents with dementia. Although there were frequent statements in previous work referring to the capacity of psychiatric and behavioral symptoms to reduce quality of life, we had been unable to identify any empirical evidence to support this clinical impression in a thorough literature review. The parallel validation of Dementia Care Mapping (DCM), predominantly a practice development tool, as an observational measure of well-being/quality of life (Kitwood and Bredin, 1997; Fossey et al., 2002) provided an excellent opportunity to examine this issue in a care home setting. The study focused on 209 people with dementia living in residential and nursing home care in north-east England in the U.K., who received a detailed assessment of BPSD, function and cognition. A DCM evaluation was completed for 112 of these individuals, providing a detailed observational measure of well-being, activities and social withdrawal as indices of quality of life over a six-hour daytime period. To our surprise, there was actually no association between well-being, social withdrawal or activities and BPSD. In contrast, there was a significant association between antipsychotic medication and reduced well-being, social withdrawal and activities respectively, even after controlling for the severity of behavioral disturbance. Using an arbitrary definition of “ill-being”, defined as a well-being score of less than zero, 5% of people not taking antipsychotics, 10% of people taking atypical antipsychotics and 22% of people taking typical antipsychotics were defined as having ill-being. Lower levels of functional ability were also associated with significantly lower well-being, less activities and more social withdrawal. At first this latter finding appears to be contrary to one of the central principles of DCM – namely, that the assessment should be independent of dementia severity. Although high levels of well-being and engagement are possible for people with severe dementia, this probably requires higher staff numbers and a workforce with more specialized skills in order to achieve this.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Carer Focused and Dyadic Multicomponent Interventions for Carers of People With Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1308-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Laver ◽  
Rachel Milte ◽  
Suzanne Dyer ◽  
Maria Crotty
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
Multicomponent Interventions ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two approaches: multicomponent interventions that focus on working with the carer and dyadic interventions that work with both the carer and the person with dementia. Method: A systematic review involving a search of Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO in October 2015 was performed. Randomized controlled trials involving carers of people with dementia and comparing multicomponent interventions with usual care were included. Results: Pooling of all studies demonstrated that multicomponent interventions can reduce depressive symptoms, improve quality of life, reduce carer impact, and reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia as well as caregiver upset with these symptoms. We were unable to find a significant difference in the effects of dyadic interventions in comparison with carer focused interventions for these outcomes. Discussion: Although effect sizes associated with intervention are small, multicomponent interventions are relatively inexpensive to deliver, acceptable, and widely applicable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document