scholarly journals Biomechanical Alterations during Sit-to-Stand Transfer Are Caused by a Synergy between Knee Osteoarthritis and Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loek Verlaan ◽  
Ramon J. Boekesteijn ◽  
Pieter W. Oomen ◽  
Wai-Yan Liu ◽  
Marloes J. M. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Current Prevalence

Osteoarthritis is one of the major causes of immobility and its current prevalence in elderly (>60 years) is 18% in women and 9.6% in men. Patients with osteoarthritis display altered movement patterns to avoid pain and overcome movement limitations in activities of daily life, such as sit-to-stand transfers. Currently, there is a lack of evidence that distinguishes effects of knee osteoarthritis on sit-to-stand performance in patients with and without obesity. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate differences in knee and hip kinetics during sit-to-stand movement between healthy controls and lean and obese knee osteoarthritis patients. Fifty-five subjects were included in this study, distributed over three groups: healthy controls (n=22), lean knee osteoarthritis (n=14), and obese knee OA patients (n=19). All subjects were instructed to perform sit-to-stand transfers at self-selected, comfortable speed. A three-dimensional movement analysis was performed to investigate compensatory mechanisms and knee and hip kinetics during sit-to-stand movement. No difference in sit-to-stand speed was found between lean knee OA patients and healthy controls. Obese knee osteoarthritis patients, however, have reduced hip and knee range of motion, which is associated with reduced peak hip and knee moments. Reduced vertical ground reaction force in terms of body weight and increased medial ground reaction forces indicates use of compensatory mechanisms to unload the affected knee in the obese knee osteoarthritis patients. We believe that an interplay between obesity and knee osteoarthritis leads to altered biomechanics during sit-to-stand movement, rather than knee osteoarthritis alone. From this perspective, obesity might be an important target to restore healthy sit-to-stand biomechanics in obese knee OA patients.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5297
Author(s):  
Ka-Wing Cheng ◽  
Yinghu Peng ◽  
Tony Lin-Wei Chen ◽  
Guoxin Zhang ◽  
James Chung-Wai Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Arch Support ◽  
Foot Orthosis

The advancement of 3D printing and scanning technology enables the digitalization and customization of foot orthosis with better accuracy. However, customized insoles require rectification to direct control and/or correct foot deformity, particularly flatfoot. In this exploratory study, we aimed at two design rectification features (arch stiffness and arch height) using three sets of customized 3D-printed arch support insoles (R+U+, R+U−, and R−U+). The arch support stiffness could be with or without reinforcement (R+/−) and the arch height may or may not have an additional elevation, undercutting (U+/−), which were compared to the control (no insole). Ten collegiate participants (four males and six females) with flexible flatfoot were recruited for gait analysis on foot kinematics, vertical ground reaction force, and plantar pressure parameters. A randomized crossover trial was conducted on the four conditions and analyzed using the Friedman test with pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Compared to the control, there were significant increases in peak ankle dorsiflexion and peak pressure at the medial midfoot region, accompanied by a significant reduction in peak pressure at the hindfoot region for the insole conditions. In addition, the insoles tended to control hindfoot eversion and forefoot abduction though the effects were not significant. An insole with stronger support features (R+U+) did not necessarily produce more favorable outcomes, probably due to over-cutting or impingement. The outcome of this study provides additional data to assist the design rectification process. Future studies should consider a larger sample size with stratified flatfoot features and covariating ankle flexibility while incorporating more design features, particularly medial insole postings.

Changes in postural control strategy during quiet standing in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kento Sabashi ◽  
Satoshi Kasahara ◽  
Harukazu Tohyama ◽  
Takeshi Chiba ◽  
Yuta Koshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knee Oa

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) impairs postural control and may be affected by how the lower limb joints are used. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how individuals with knee OA use lower limb joints for static postural control. METHODS: Ten patients with knee OA and thirteen healthy controls performed quiet standing for 30 s. The standard deviation of the center of mass (COM) and lower limb joint motions in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) planes were calculated from three-dimensional marker trajectories. Pearson’s correlation analysis and independent t-tests were conducted to investigate the relationship between COM and lower limb joint motion and to compare group difference, respectively. RESULTS: The AP hip angular velocity alone in the knee OA group and the AP hip and knee angular velocity in the control group were significantly correlated with the AP COM velocity. The ML hip angular velocity was significantly correlated with the ML COM velocity in both groups. The knee OA group exhibited a significantly larger standard deviation of AP COM velocity than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with knee OA depended solely on the contribution of the hip to the AP COM velocity, which could not be successfully controlled by the knee.

HIERARCHICAL ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF ASYMPTOMATIC AND KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS GAIT PATTERNS USING A WAVELET REPRESENTATION OF KINETIC DATA AND THE NEAREST NEIGHBOR CLASSIFIER

2008 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEILA MEZGHANI ◽  
KARINE BOIVIN ◽  
KATIA TURCOT ◽  
RACHID AISSAOUI ◽  
NICOLA HAGMEISTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Nearest Neighbor Rule ◽  
Kellgren And Lawrence ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to develop a classification method to distinguish between asymptomatic (AS) and knee osteoarthritis (OA) gait patterns using ground reaction force (GRF) measurements, and (2) to investigate OA severity within OA gait patterns. Features were first extracted from the GRF vectors to be used for classification. We investigated a two-level hierarchical classification and analysis method using the nearest neighbor rule. At the first level, the GRF data were classified into two classes: AS and OA. At the second level, the GRF data of OA patients were classified according to the pathology severity. The OA patients were grouped into two OA severity categories according to the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) scale: KL 1 and KL 2 for one category, and KL 3 and KL 4 for the other. Experiments were conducted using data of 42 cases, 16 AS and 26 pathological. The method discriminated between AS and OA subjects with an accuracy of 38 of 42 cases, and assessed the severity correctly with an accuracy of 20 of 26 cases. These results demonstrated the validity of both, the feature and the classifier, for automatic classification of AS and knee OA gait patterns and for analysis of OA severity.

scholarly journals Serum Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingmeng Zhang ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Zhendong Zhang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jiying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent chronic degenerative joint disease that mainly affects the elderly population. The aim of this study was to investigate serum signature metabolites as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of knee OA. Global serum metabolic profiles of 40 patients with knee OA and 20 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. An OA-specific metabolic profile was established that can clearly discriminate patients with OA from HCs. Fourteen metabolites that are involved in the metabolism of amino acids, purine, energy, glycolysis, fatty acids, and lipids were significantly altered in patients with OA compared to HCs. These metabolites could be potentially used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of knee OA.

scholarly journals Cricket Biomechanics Analysis of Skilled and Amateur Fast Bowling Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
KA Thiagarajan ◽  
Tvisha Parikh ◽  
Anees Sayed ◽  
MB Gnanavel ◽  
S Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Ball Release ◽  
Equality Of Means ◽  
Counter Rotation ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Release Speed

ABSTRACT Cricket fast bowling action involves complex three-dimensional (3D) motion of the body and poses a high risk of injury more so in schoolboys. It is not known how the bowling technique varies between skilled and less skilled fast bowlers. The aim of this study is to compare the differences in bowling technique between young sub-elite (skilled) and amateur university level cricketers. Twelve players, 6 skilled and six amateur, were attached with 35 retro-reflective markers using the full body Plug-in-Gait marker set and asked to bowl 6 deliveries at a good length. Their bowling action was captured with 12 Vicon 3D cameras and the ground reaction force was measured using AMTI force plates. The best delivery from each bowler was selected. Their bowling action types were classified and parameters like shoulder counter rotation (scr), pelvicshoulder separation angle at back foot contact, trunk lateral flexion, front knee angle, front foot vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and ball release speed were measured. The results were analyzed with Levene's test for Equality of Variances and a t-test for equality of means. The skilled bowlers showed faster ball release speed and experienced larger vGRF while the other parameters did not show any significant differences. How to cite this article Thiagarajan KA, Parikh T, Sayed A, Gnanavel MB, Arumugam S. Cricket Biomechanics Analysis of Skilled and Amateur Fast Bowling Techniques. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(4):173-181.

Biomechanical Comparison of Dominant and Non-Dominant Limbs During Leap-Landings in Contemporary Style Female Dancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Chowning ◽  
John Krzyszkowski ◽  
Brandon Nunley ◽  
Ryan Lanier ◽  
Isabella Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Execution Strategy ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Angular Impulse

The execution strategy of technical dance movements is constrained by aesthetic and qualitative artistic requirements. As such, there are limited leap-landing strategies that may be used by dancers when executing a grand jeté or saut de chat. The purpose of this study was to determine potential differences in lower extremity angular positioning and joint loading when performing a dance-style leap landing. Fifteen female dancers (age: 20 ± 1 years; height: 1.61 ± 0.13 m; weight: 58.00 ± 11.89 kg) completed six leap-landing trials during which three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics data were collected. Paired-samples t-tests (α = 0.05) and Cohen’s d effect sizes (ES; large ≥ 0.8) were used to compare the following variables: jump height; peak vertical ground reaction force; loading time; loading rate; joint angular positioning of the ankle, knee, hip, and trunk in the frontal and sagittal planes; and joint angular impulse of the ankle, knee, and hip in the frontal and sagittal planes between the dominant and non-dominant limbs. Frontal plane hip angular impulse was significantly greater in the dominant limb (p = 0.023, ES = 1.53). While no other statistically significant differences were observed between dominant and non-dominant limbs, moderate effect sizes were observed for the hip and trunk angles in the frontal plane along with hip impulse in the sagittal plane. This study indicates that dancers might slightly alter their landing strategy at the hip joint when leap-landing onto the dominant limb. Frontal plane hip mechanics should be considered to minimize overuse injury potential in the dominant limb.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document