Biomechanical Comparison of Dominant and Non-Dominant Limbs During Leap-Landings in Contemporary Style Female Dancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Chowning ◽  
John Krzyszkowski ◽  
Brandon Nunley ◽  
Ryan Lanier ◽  
Isabella Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Execution Strategy ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Angular Impulse

The execution strategy of technical dance movements is constrained by aesthetic and qualitative artistic requirements. As such, there are limited leap-landing strategies that may be used by dancers when executing a grand jeté or saut de chat. The purpose of this study was to determine potential differences in lower extremity angular positioning and joint loading when performing a dance-style leap landing. Fifteen female dancers (age: 20 ± 1 years; height: 1.61 ± 0.13 m; weight: 58.00 ± 11.89 kg) completed six leap-landing trials during which three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics data were collected. Paired-samples t-tests (α = 0.05) and Cohen’s d effect sizes (ES; large ≥ 0.8) were used to compare the following variables: jump height; peak vertical ground reaction force; loading time; loading rate; joint angular positioning of the ankle, knee, hip, and trunk in the frontal and sagittal planes; and joint angular impulse of the ankle, knee, and hip in the frontal and sagittal planes between the dominant and non-dominant limbs. Frontal plane hip angular impulse was significantly greater in the dominant limb (p = 0.023, ES = 1.53). While no other statistically significant differences were observed between dominant and non-dominant limbs, moderate effect sizes were observed for the hip and trunk angles in the frontal plane along with hip impulse in the sagittal plane. This study indicates that dancers might slightly alter their landing strategy at the hip joint when leap-landing onto the dominant limb. Frontal plane hip mechanics should be considered to minimize overuse injury potential in the dominant limb.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Characteristics on the Lower Extremity of Three Typical Yoga Manoeuvres

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Whissell ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Pan Li ◽  
Jing Xian Li ◽  
Zhen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Impulse

This study was aimed at exploring the biomechanical characteristics of the lower extremity amongst three typical yoga manoeuvres. A total of thirteen experienced female yoga practitioners were recruited in the current study; they were all certified with the Yoga Alliance. A three-dimensional motion capture system with 10 cameras combined with four synchronised force plates was used to collect kinematics of the lower extremity and ground reactive force whilst the participants performed the crescent lunge pose, warrior II pose, and triangle pose. One-way repeated ANOVA was used in exploring the differences amongst the three yoga movements, and the significance was set to alpha < 0.05 . The triangle pose performed the largest range of motion (ROM) of the hip ( 90.5 ° ± 22.9 ° ), knee ( 68.8 ° ± 23.1 ° ), and ankle ( 46.4 ° ± 11.3 ° ) in the sagittal plane and the hip ( 54.8 ° ± 6.5 ° ), knee ( 42.4 ° ± 12.8 ° ), and ankle ( 4.8 ° ± 1.7 ° ) in the frontal plane amongst the three manoeuvres ( P < 0.05 ). No significant difference was found for the hip and ankle joint moment amongst the three manoeuvres ( P > 0.05 ). Knee joint travelled into 9.5° of extension and slight adduction of 1.94° whilst expressing the largest knee joint adduction moments ( 0.30 ± 0.22   Nm / kg ) in the triangle pose. The distribution of the angular impulse of the lower limb joints indicated that the hip joint contributed significantly the most in the sagittal and frontal planes of the three yoga manoeuvres ( P < 0.05 ), ranging from 51.67% to 70.56%. Results indicated that triangle pose may be superior to the other two manoeuvres, which improved hip joint ROM, strength, and dynamic stability. However, knee injuries such as osteoarthritis (OA) should be considered because of the large knee extensor angle and adductor moments.

Biomechanical Performance of Habitually Barefoot and Shod Runners during Barefoot Jogging and Running

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suo Di Xu ◽  
Zhi Qiang Liang ◽  
Yu Wei Liu ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Foot Strike ◽  
Limb Kinematics

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical performances, running stability of habitually barefoot (BR) and shod runners (SR) during barefoot jogging and running. Ten healthy male subjects, 5 habitually shod runners and 5 habitually barefoot runners, from two different ethnics participated in this study. Subjects performed jogging (2m/s) and running (4m/s) along a 10-m runway. Three-dimensional lower-limb kinematics, ground reaction force, center of pressure (COP) and contact time (CT), were collected during testing. During jogging and running, all participants adopted rear-foot strike pattern, SR had larger VALR. SR showed significantly larger lower-limb range of motion (ROM) in sagittal plane, significantly larger hip abduction and opposite knee ROM in frontal plane, as well as significantly larger ankle internal rotation in horizontal plane. All participants’ CT showed decreased trend with running speed up; and SR was significantly longer than BR; BR and SR in COP showed different trajectories, especially forefoot and rearfoot areas. Habitually barefoot and shod runner from different ethnics still exist significant differences in lower-extremity ROM; and different foot morphological of participants is an important influential factor for these variations.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5297
Author(s):  
Ka-Wing Cheng ◽  
Yinghu Peng ◽  
Tony Lin-Wei Chen ◽  
Guoxin Zhang ◽  
James Chung-Wai Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Arch Support ◽  
Foot Orthosis

The advancement of 3D printing and scanning technology enables the digitalization and customization of foot orthosis with better accuracy. However, customized insoles require rectification to direct control and/or correct foot deformity, particularly flatfoot. In this exploratory study, we aimed at two design rectification features (arch stiffness and arch height) using three sets of customized 3D-printed arch support insoles (R+U+, R+U−, and R−U+). The arch support stiffness could be with or without reinforcement (R+/−) and the arch height may or may not have an additional elevation, undercutting (U+/−), which were compared to the control (no insole). Ten collegiate participants (four males and six females) with flexible flatfoot were recruited for gait analysis on foot kinematics, vertical ground reaction force, and plantar pressure parameters. A randomized crossover trial was conducted on the four conditions and analyzed using the Friedman test with pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Compared to the control, there were significant increases in peak ankle dorsiflexion and peak pressure at the medial midfoot region, accompanied by a significant reduction in peak pressure at the hindfoot region for the insole conditions. In addition, the insoles tended to control hindfoot eversion and forefoot abduction though the effects were not significant. An insole with stronger support features (R+U+) did not necessarily produce more favorable outcomes, probably due to over-cutting or impingement. The outcome of this study provides additional data to assist the design rectification process. Future studies should consider a larger sample size with stratified flatfoot features and covariating ankle flexibility while incorporating more design features, particularly medial insole postings.

scholarly journals Competitive and Recreational Running Kinematics Examined Using Principal Components Analysis

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1321
Author(s):  
Wenjing Quan ◽  
Huiyu Zhou ◽  
Datao Xu ◽  
Shudong Li ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Ankle Inversion ◽  
Motion System ◽  
Recreational Runners

Kinematics data are primary biomechanical parameters. A principal component analysis (PCA) of waveforms is a statistical approach used to explore patterns of variability in biomechanical curve datasets. Differences in experienced and recreational runners’ kinematic variables are still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to compare any differences in kinematics parameters for competitive runners and recreational runners using principal component analysis in the sagittal plane, frontal plane and transverse plane. Forty male runners were divided into two groups: twenty competitive runners and twenty recreational runners. A Vicon Motion System (Vicon Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK) captured three-dimensional kinematics data during running at 3.3 m/s. The principal component analysis was used to determine the dominating variation in this model. Then, the principal component scores retained the first three principal components and were analyzed using independent t-tests. The recreational runners were found to have a smaller dorsiflexion angle, initial dorsiflexion contact angle, ankle inversion, knee adduction, range motion in the frontal knee plane and hip frontal plane. The running kinematics data were influenced by running experience. The findings from the study provide a better understanding of the kinematics variables for competitive and recreational runners. Thus, these findings might have implications for reducing running injury and improving running performance.

Biomechanical Comparison in Different Jumping Tasks Between Untrained Boys and Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvas N. Lazaridis ◽  
Eleni I. Bassa ◽  
Dimitrios Patikas ◽  
Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas ◽  
Filippos K. Lazaridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Braking Phase

This study examines the biomechanical differences during different vertical jump tasks in 12 prepubescent and 12 adult males. The sagittal knee kinematics, vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and electromyographic (EMG) activity of 5 lower extremity muscles were recorded. Compared with boys, men presented higher peak vGRF during the propulsive phase in all examined jumps, but lower values during the braking phase, even when related to body mass. Normalized EMG agonist activity in all phases was higher in men (p < .05), while antagonist coactivation was enhanced in boys (p < .05). The knee joint was on average 9 degrees more flexed at touchdown in men during drop jump tasks, but boys exhibited 12 degrees and 17 degrees higher knee flexion at the deepest point when performing drop jump from 20 and 40 cm, respectively. In conclusion, the performance deficit observed in boys in all jump types is a reflection of their immature technique, which could be partly attributed to the less efficient stiffness regulation and activation of their neuromuscular system.

Computer-Assisted Surgery Using 3D Printed Saw Guides for Acute Correction of Antebrachial Angular Limb Deformities in Dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Worth ◽  
Katherine Crosse ◽  
Andrew Kersley
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Computer Assisted Surgery ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Limb Deformities ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Saw Blade

Objective The aim of this study was to report the use of custom saw guides produced using computed tomographic imaging (CT), computer simulation and three-dimensional (3D) printing to aid surgical correction of antebrachial deformities in six dogs. Materials and Methods Antebrachial limb deformities in four small, and two large, breed dogs (seven limbs) were surgically corrected by a radial closing wedge ostectomy and ulnar osteotomy. The location and orientation of the wedge ostectomy were determined using CT data, computer-assisted planning and production of a saw guide in plastic using a 3D printer. At surgery, the guide was clamped to the surface of the radius and used to direct the oscillating saw blade. The resultant ostectomy was closed and stabilized with a bone plate. Results Five limbs healed without complications. One limb was re-operated due to a poorly resolved rotational component of the deformity. One limb required additional stabilisation with external fixation due to screw loosening. The owners of five dogs completed a Canine Orthopedic Index survey at a follow-up period of 37 to 81 months. The median preoperative score was 3.5 and the median postoperative score was 1, representing an overall positive effect of surgery. Radiographically, 5/7 limbs were corrected in the frontal plane (2/7 were under-corrected). Similarly, 5/7 limbs were corrected in the sagittal plane, and 2/7 were over-corrected in the sagittal place. Conclusions Computer-aided design and rapid prototyping technologies can be used to create saw guides to simplify one-stage corrective osteotomies of the antebrachium using internal fixation in dogs. Despite the encouraging results, accurate correction of rotational deformity was problematic and this aspect requires further development.

Biomechanical Comparison of a New Dynamic Ankle Orthosis to a Standard Ankle-Foot Orthosis During Walking

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe L. Chung ◽  
Denis J. DiAngelo ◽  
Douglas W. Powell ◽  
Max R. Paquette
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Ankle Motion ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Abstract Patients who sustain irreversible cartilage damage or joint instability from ankle injuries are likely to develop ankle osteoarthritis (OA). A dynamic ankle orthosis (DAO) was recently designed with the intent to offload the foot and ankle using a distractive force, allowing more natural sagittal and frontal plane ankle motion during gait. To evaluate its efficacy, this study compared ankle joint kinematics and plantar pressures among the DAO, standard double upright ankle-foot orthosis (DUAFO), and a nonorthosis control (CON) condition in healthy adults during walking. Ten healthy subjects (26 ± 3.8 yr; 69.6 ± 12.7 kg; and 1.69 ± 0.07 m) walked on a treadmill at 1.4 m/s in three orthosis conditions: CON, DAO, and DUAFO. Ankle kinematics were assessed using a three-dimensional (3D) motion capture system and in-shoe plantar pressures were measured for seven areas of the foot. DAO reduced hallux peak plantar pressures (PPs) compared to CON and DUAFO. PPs under toes 2–5 were smaller in DAO than DUAFO, but greater in DUAFO compared to CON. Early stance peak plantarflexion (PF) angular velocity was smaller in DAO compared to CON and DUAFO. Eversion (EV) ROM was much smaller in DUAFO compared to CON and DAO. Early stance peak eversion angular velocity was smaller in DAO and much smaller in DUAFO compared to CON. This study demonstrates the capacity of the DAO to provide offloading during ambulation without greatly affecting kinematic parameters including frontal plane ankle motion compared to CON. Future work will assess the effectiveness of the DAO in a clinical osteoarthritic population.

scholarly journals BIOMECHANICAL EFFECTS OF HYPERPRONATION ON MULTIDIRECTIONAL ANKLE ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT AND STIFFNESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 2040012
Author(s):  
GEON KIM ◽  
JIHEE JUNG ◽  
YOUNGJOO CHA ◽  
JOSHUA (SUNG) H. YOU
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Neutral Group ◽  
Stiffness Reduction ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Foot Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Angular Displacements

Hyperpronation of the foot is believed to contribute to ankle hypermobility and associated stiffness reduction, but the underlying biomechanical mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimsed to investigate multidirectional ankle displacement and associated stiffness when a posterior–anterior impact force was applied to the posterior knee compartment. Forty healthy adults with and without foot hyperpronation were recruited. A three-dimensional motion capture system and force plates were used to acquire angular displacement and ankle joint moment data. The independent [Formula: see text]-test and Mann–Whitney [Formula: see text] test were used to compare the group differences in ankle angular displacement, moment, and stiffness. Spearman’s rho test was performed to determine the relationship between ankle angular displacement and stiffness. The hyperpronation group demonstrated significantly greater sagittal ([Formula: see text]) and frontal plane ([Formula: see text]) angular displacements and reduced sagittal plane ankle stiffness ([Formula: see text]) than the neutral group. The Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a close inverse relationship between the ankle angular displacement and stiffness, ranging from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. The biomechanical data in our study suggest that individuals with foot hyperpronation present with multidirectional hypermobility and a reduction in ankle stiffness. These factors contribute to an increased risk of ankle-foot injury in individuals with foot hyperpronation.

The evaluation of modified foot orthosis on muscle activity and kinetic in a subject with flexible flat foot : Single case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Saeedi ◽  
Mohammad E Mousavi ◽  
Basir Majddoleslam ◽  
Mehdi Rahgozar ◽  
Gholamreza Aminian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Case Evaluation ◽  
The University ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Background:Due to blocking of pronation/dorsiflexion in flexible flat foot and restriction of these movements in using the University of California Berkeley Laboratory orthosis, provided pressures in sole by the orthosis were increased. Therefore, this article describes the evaluation of modified foot orthosis with flexible structure in the management of individuals with flexible flat foot.Case description and method:The patient was a 21-year-old male who had symptomatic flat foot. The modified foot orthosis included movable surface and the outside structure. The modified foot orthosis was evaluated by standing foot X-ray, comfort rate, electromyography of leg muscle and vertical ground reaction force during walking.Findings and outcomes:The modified foot orthosis improved the foot alignment and decreased the symptoms of flat foot with more comfort. Subtalar position by sub-maximum supination had higher position than neutral in sagittal plane. It may increase the muscle activity of peroneus longus by 7% compared to barefoot, and there was a decrease of 11% ground reaction force in mid stance.Conclusion:The result of this single case evaluation only proposed the feasibility of this modified insole as the orthotic treatment in flexible flat foot.Clinical relevanceThe modified foot orthosis, which is mobile in the midfoot, is an orthosis for walking and standing in subjects with flexible flat foot.

Analysis of Foot Kinematics with Unstable Sole Structure Using Oxford Foot Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yue Zhang ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete ◽  
Justin Fernandez ◽  
Yao Dong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Foot Kinematics ◽  
Foot Model ◽  
Contrast Group ◽  
Oxford Foot Model

To determine the influence of the unstable sole structure on foot kinematics and provide theoretical basis for further application.12 healthy female subjects walked through a 10-meter experimental channel with normal speed wearing experimental shoes and control shoes respectively at the gait laboratory. Differences between the groups in triplanar motion of the forefoot, rearfoot and hallux during walking were evaluated using a three-dimensional motion analysis system incorporating with Oxford Foot Model (OFM). Compare to contrast group, participants wearing experimental shoes demonstrated greater peak forefoot dorsiflexion, forefoot supination and longer halluces plantar flexion time in support phase. Additionally, participants with unstable sole structure also demonstrated smaller peak forefoot plantarflexion, rearfoot dorsiflexion and range of joint motion in sagittal plane and frontal plane.. The difference mainly appeared in sagittal and frontal plane. With a stimulation of unstable, it may lead to the reinforcement of different flexion between middle and two ends of the foot model. The greater forefoot supination is infered that the unstable element structure may affect the forefoot motion on the frontal plane and has a control effect to strephexopodia people. The stimulation also will reflexes reduce the range of rearfoot motion in sagittal and frontal planes to control the gravity center of the body and keep a steady state in the process of walking.

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