scholarly journals Circulating PGRN Levels Are Increased but Not Associated with Insulin Sensitivity or β-Cell Function in Chinese Obese Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Haitao Lv ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Β Cell Function

Progranulin (PGRN), a novel peptide that has recently emerged as an important regulatory adipokine, is relevant to energy homeostasis and obesity in animals and adult humans. Little is known about its roles in children. The aim of the current study was to determine the potential role of PGRN and explore its relationship to various obesity-related markers in obese children. This was a cross-sectional study composed of 77 children (43 obese and 34 healthy, age 8.68 ± 0.28 and 8.46 ± 0.45 years, resp.). The PGRN levels were significantly higher in obese children (102.44 ± 4.18 ng/mL) comparing to controls (69.32 ± 5.49 ng/mL) (P<0.05). Moreover, the PGRN levels were positively correlated with triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), IL-6, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in obese children after adjusted for BMI and age. However, there was no correlation of serum PGRN levels with OGTT-derived dynamic parameters, HOMA-IR, or HOMA-β in obese children. The results suggest that serum PGRN levels are significantly higher in obese children in China and correlate significantly with obesity-related markers. Increased PGRN levels may be involved in the pathological mechanism of childhood obesity.

Circulating Spexin Decreased and Negatively Correlated with Systemic Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic β Cell Function in Obese Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Chen ◽  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Zhenyu Chu ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Haitao Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objectives: Spexin (SPX) is a novel peptide that has recently emerged as an important regulatory adipokine of obesity and related metabolic disease. Little is known about its role in children. The aim of the current study was to determine the potential role of SPX in obese children and explore its relationships with obesity-related markers, insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β cell function. Method: We studied the levels of serum SPX in 40 obese and 32 normal weight pre-puberty children (mean age was 8.59 ± 1.82 and 8.15 ± 2.03 years in obesity and control groups respectively). We investigated the levels of body mass index, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, Homeostasis model assessment for insulin-resistant (HOMA-IR, HOMA for β-cell function [HOMA-β]), insulinogenic index and C-peptide index and analyzed their correlations with SPX levels. Results: SPX levels were significantly decreased in obese children compared to controls. Moreover, serum SPX levels were lower in IR obese subjects in contrast with the non-IR obese subjects. Serum SPX concentrations correlated negatively and significantly with triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting insulin level, HOMA-IR, insulinogenic index, and HOMA-β levels in obese children. Conclusions: In summary, serum SPX levels significantly decreased in obese children and negatively correlated with insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell function indicators. Therefore, SPX may play a protective role in the process of glucose homeostasis and is closely related to β cell function in obese children.

Regulation of Pancreatic β-cell Function by the NPY System

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Hsin Yang ◽  
Danise-Ann Onda ◽  
Jonathan S Oakhill ◽  
John W Scott ◽  
Sandra Galic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system has been recognised as one of the most critical molecules in the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Abnormal levels of NPY have been shown to contribute to the development of metabolic disorders including obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. NPY centrally promotes feeding and reduces energy expenditure, while the other family members, peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP), mediate satiety. New evidence has uncovered additional functions for these peptides that go beyond energy expenditure and appetite regulation, indicating a more extensive function in controlling other physiological functions. In this review, we will discuss the role of the NPY system in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function and its therapeutic implications for diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of Insulin Resistance and β-cell Function With Bone Turnover Biomarkers in Dysglycemia Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Chiyu Wang ◽  
Boren Jiang ◽  
Shaohong Ge ◽  
Jian Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Β Cell Function

BackgroundThe interrelation between glucose and bone metabolism is complex and has not been fully revealed. This study aimed to investigate the association between insulin resistance, β-cell function and bone turnover biomarker levels among participants with abnormal glycometabolism.MethodsA total of 5277 subjects were involved through a cross-sectional study (METAL study, http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1800017573) in Shanghai, China. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell dysfunction (HOMA-%β) were applied to elucidate the nexus between β-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX), intact N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP) and osteocalcin (OC). β-CTX, OC and P1NP were detected by chemiluminescence.ResultsHOMA-IR was negatively associated with β-CTX, P1NP and OC (regression coefficient (β) -0.044 (-0.053, -0.035), Q4vsQ1; β -7.340 (-9.130, -5.550), Q4vsQ1 and β -2.885 (-3.357, -2.412), Q4vsQ1, respectively, all P for trend &lt;0.001). HOMA-%β was positively associated with β-CTX, P1NP and OC (β 0.022 (0.014, 0.031), Q4vsQ1; β 6.951 (5.300, 8.602), Q4vsQ1 and β 1.361 (0.921, 1.800), Q4vsQ1, respectively, all P for trend &lt;0.001).ConclusionsOur results support that lower bone turnover biomarker (β-CTX, P1NP and OC) levels were associated with a combination of higher prevalence of insulin resistance and worse β-cell function among dysglycemia patients. It is feasible to detect bone turnover in diabetes or hyperglycemia patients to predict the risk of osteoporosis and fracture, relieve patients’ pain and reduce the expenses of long-term cure.

scholarly journals Role of family support and self-care practices in blood pressure control in individuals with hypertension: results from a cross-sectional study in Kollam District, Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Chacko ◽  
Panniyammakal Jeemon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dash Diet

Background: Despite the availability of effective drugs, blood pressure (BP) control rate is sub-optimal in individuals with hypertension in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The role of self-care in the management of BP is less studied in LMIC settings. Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in individuals with hypertension in Kollam district, Kerala. A multistage cluster sampling method was used for the selection of study participants. We measured self-care by using an adapted Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects (H-SCALE) scale. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with BP control. Results: In total, 690 individuals with hypertension (women=60%) and a mean age of 57±8 years participated in the study. More than half (54%) of the participants were adherent to anti-hypertensive medications. However, the adherence rate was much lower for the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet (12.8%), recommended level of physical activity (24%) and weight management (11.4%). Overall BP control was achieved in two of five individuals (38.4%, 95% CI: 34.7-42.0%). Among self-care activities, adherence to medications (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5), DASH diet (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.4), and non-smoking status (AOR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.7-6.4) were associated with control of BP. Additionally, good family support to self-care (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.1) was associated with better control of BP. Conclusion: In individuals with hypertension, the BP control rate is achieved in two of five individuals. Adoption of self-care activities are sub-optimal. Both family support and adherence to self-care activities are associated with BP control.  Family based interventions to improve adherence to self-care activities could have a significant public health impact in achieving better population-level BP control rates in Kerala, India.

scholarly journals Association of proinsulin and hepatic steatosis in a random, population-based sample

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Wengert ◽  
Suemeyra Oeztuerk ◽  
Mark Martin Haenle ◽  
Wolfgang Koenig ◽  
Armin Imhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Upper Abdominal

ObjectiveProinsulin may represent a predictive marker for assessing insulin resistance and reduced β-cell function. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis, proinsulin and other parameters in a random, population-based sample.DesignCross-sectional study, conducted in south-western Germany.MethodsUpper abdominal ultrasound examinations were performed in 343 subjects (147 females, 196 males; average age 40.0±11.5 years). Proinsulin, the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio and other laboratory parameters were determined, and the BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and other anthropometric data were documented.ResultsHepatic steatosis was observed in 80 subjects (23.3%: 29.6%, males; 15.0%, females). Multivariate analysis showed an association with hepatic steatosis for male gender (P=0.0212), advancing age (P=0.0241), elevated BMI (P<0.0001), elevated WHR (P=0.0024), alanine aminotransferase (P=0.0046), proinsulin (P=0.0403) and proinsulin-to-insulin ratio (P=0.0116).ConclusionsThere is an association between elevated proinsulin concentrations and hepatic steatosis.

scholarly journals The role of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet food groups in blood pressure in type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pedroso de Paula ◽  
Thais Steemburgo ◽  
Jussara Carnevale de Almeida ◽  
Valesca Dall'Alba ◽  
Jorge Luiz Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dash Diet

The role of each Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet component in blood pressure (BP) of patients with diabetes is still uncertain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible associations of the recommended food groups of the DASH diet eating plan with BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present cross-sectional study, 225 patients with type 2 diabetes (age 61·1 (sd10·4) years; diabetes duration 13·1 (sd9·1) years; males 48·4 %; BMI 28·5 (sd4·3) kg/m2; HbA1c 7·1 (sd1·3) %; systolic BP 136·7 (sd20·0) mmHg; diastolic BP 78·4 (sd11·8) mmHg) without dietary counselling during the previous 6 months had their dietary intake assessed by 3 d weighed-diet records. Patients were divided into two groups according to BP tertiles: LOW BP (first tertile) and HIGH BP (second plus third tertiles). Multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated that the daily intake of 80 g of fruits per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·617, 0·987;P = 0·039) or 50 g of vegetables per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·618, 0·988;P = 0·040) reduced the chance of the presence of HIGH mean BP (MBP ≥ 92 mmHg) by 22 % each, adjusted for possible confounders. In conclusion, fruit and vegetables were the food groups of the DASH diet associated with reduced BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their consumption might play a protective role against increased BP values.

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