scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Compounds from the Flower Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abere Habtamu ◽  
Yadessa Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Strong Activity

Vernonia amygdalina is traditionally used in Ethiopia to treat various diseases. This prompted us to isolate bioactive compounds from the flowers of this plant. The CHCl3 extract after silica gel column chromatography has led to the isolation of two compounds identified as tricosane (1) and vernolide (2), while the acetone extract furnished isorhamnetin (3) and luteolin (4). The acetone extract and isorhamnetin significantly scavenged the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical by 91.6 and 94%, respectively. It was also shown that the acetone extract and isorhamnetin inhibited lipid peroxidation by 74 and 80%, respectively. The extracts and isolated compounds were also evaluated for their antibacterial activity with the CHCl3 extract and vernolide showing strong activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 21 and 19 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the acetone extract and isorhamnetin were active against all bacterial pathogens tested. The work presented herein has demonstrated that vernolide and isorhamnetin had antibacterial activity. The antioxidant activity displayed by the flowers of V. amygdalina is accounted to the presence of isorhamnetin. Therefore, the biological activities displayed by the extracts and isolated compounds from this plant corroborate the traditional uses of this plant by the local people against various diseases.

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Fe2+ and SNP Lipid Peroxidation of African Mistletoes (Tapinanthus globiferus) from Three Selected Host Plants in Jos Plateau State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jane-Rose I. Oche ◽  
Titilayo O. Johnson ◽  
Augustina O. Akinsanmi ◽  
Kiri H. Jaryum ◽  
Timothy Francis
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antioxidative properties of the mistletoe plant obtained from three different host species namely Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa olifera lam. Study Design: Experimental Design Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: Crude methanolic leaf extracts were studied for their antioxidative properties; Iron reducing and Iron-chelating activities, Nitric oxide (NO) radical and 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and the lipid peroxidation and thiobarbituric acid reaction (TBAR) methods. One way ANOVA was used for the result analysis with P<.05 for significant difference. Results: Mistletoes from Psidum guajava (MSPG) had significantly higher reducing property (0.16 – 0.20mg/mL); the chelating property of Mistletoes from Moringa olifera (MSMO) was significantly lower (45.7 – 58.9%); DPPH radical scavenging activity had no significant difference; and Nitric oxide scavenging activity was significantly higher in MSPG (72.1% in 75mg/mL) than the extracts from other hosts. MSPG had significantly higher TBAR inhibition using both FeSO4 (77.8% at 125µg/mL) and Sodium nitroprusside (61.6+1.0% at 125µg/mL) with an IC50 of 30.27µg/mL . Extract of Tapinanthus globiferus leaves from Psidium guajava had more antioxidative activities in the TBARs followed by Tapinanthus globiferus leaf extract from Vernonia amygdalina (MSVA). Conclusion: From the study, mistletoes from Psidium guajava had higher antioxidant activity compared to other hosts, which probably justifies its use for treatment of cancer in traditional medicinal practice.

scholarly journals Quercetin as a Precursor for the Synthesis of Novel Nanoscale Cu (II) Complex as a Catalyst for Alcohol Oxidation with High Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zahra Moodi ◽  
Ghodsieh Bagherzade ◽  
Janny Peters
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Schiff Base Complex ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity

Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is one of the dietary flavonoids, distributed in medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits. Quercetin has the ability to bind with several metal ions to increase its biological activities. In the last two decades, quercetin has attracted considerable attention due to the biological and pharmaceutical activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer. In the present study, quercetin and ethanolamine were used for the synthesis Schiff base complex, which was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The Schiff base has been employed as a ligand for the synthesis of novel nanoscale Cu (II) complex. The product was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, FESEM, and XRD. Significantly, the product showed remarkable catalytic activity towards the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols. The antibacterial activity of the final product was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram‐negative) bacteria using an inhibition zone test. The synthesized nanoscale Cu (II) complex exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ASSAY OF MANGROVE EXTRACTS AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apon Zaenal Mustopa ◽  
Rifqiyah Nur Umami ◽  
. Melki
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inhibition Zones

<p><strong><br /></strong><em>The antibacterial activities of mangrove species, Avicennia marina, Sonneratia caseolaris (collected from Teluk Payo, Banyuasin, South Sumatera), Ceriops tagal, Rizhopora apiculata, and Sonneratia alba (collected from Sadai, South Bangka) were screened against Salmonella typhi and Listeria monocytogenes by agar disk diffusion assays. Extractions were conducted using organic solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone, subsequently). Most of the extracts tested showed potential antibacterial activity against both pathogens. The methanol extracts of the bark from S. alba and the fruit from A. marina showed particularly large inhibition zones (15 mm) against S. typhi. The acetone extract of S. alba leaves showed the largest inhibition zone (14 mm) when tested against L. Monocy-togenes. Further partial purifications of selected extracts which showed strong inhibition were performed by silica gel column chromatography using various eluent compositions with different polarities. The third fraction of methanol extract from S.alba leaves eluted with chloroform:methanol (1:5) resulted in a remarkably large inhibition zone (23 mm) against S. typhi. The third and seventh fractions of acetone extract from S. alba leaves eluted with ethyl acetate:methanol (7:3) resulted in a large inhibition zones (15 mm) against L. monocytogenes. In addition, the sixth fraction of methanol extract from A. marina fruit eluted with chloroform : methanol (6:4) resulted in the largest inhibition zone (17 mm) against L. monocytogenes. These results indicated that mangrove extracts could be developed as potential biomaterials for biopharmaceutical as well as biopreservation industries.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong>: antibacterial activity, mangrove, column chromatography</em></p>

scholarly journals Uji In Vitro Gabungan Ekstrak Boesenbergia pandurata, Solanum ferox, Zingimber zerumbet terhadap Bakteri Patogen pada Ikan Nila (IN VITRO TEST OF CONCOCTION PLANT EXTRACTS OF BOESENBERGIA PANDURATA, SOLANUM FEROX, ZINGIMBER ZERUMBET

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Esti Handayani Hardi ◽  
Gina Saptiani ◽  
Nurkadina Nurkadina ◽  
Irawan Wijaya Kusuma ◽  
Wiwin Suwinarti
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Vitro Test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol concoction (mixed extract) of three herbs plants, such as: Boesenbergia pandurata, Solanum ferox and Zingimber zerumbet against Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas sp. and both bacteria. The Plant extracts were obtained by using ethanol and the concentration of the extract was 600 mgL-1 of B. pandurata, 900 mgL-1 of S. ferox and 200 mgL-1 of Z. zerumbet. The inhibition zone was measured after 6, 12, 18, 24 h incubation at 30o C. The ratios of concoction S. ferox and B. pandurata (for 100 mL solution) were 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60; 30:70; 20:80; 10:90. The same ratios were made on the concoction of S. ferox and Z. zerumbet. The concoctions of S. ferox and B. pandurata in the ratio of 50:50 and 60:40, and the concoction of S. ferox and Z. Zerumbet with ratio 60:40 had higher antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila single isolate compared to the other concoctions. Furthermore, the concoction extract of S. ferox and B. pandurate 50:50 and the combined of S. ferox and Z. zerumbet ratio 50:50 and 90:10 were the best combination to inhibit the growth of a single bacterium Pseudomonas sp. The combined S. ferox and B. pandurata ratio 50:50; 10:90 and S. ferox mixed with Z. zerumbet ratio 50:50 and 40:60 were the best combination against the combined bacteria between A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. The conclusion of this research was the combined extract of S. ferox and B. pandurata and S. ferox with Z. zerumbet are effective to suppress the growth of single or combination of A. hydropila and Pseudomonas sp.

scholarly journals Effect of Citrus aurantifolia Seed Extracts In Some Bacteria Isolated From Burns Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 773-780
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Alcoholic Extract

The present study was carried to evaluate antibacterial activity of Acetone, Alcholic (cold and hot) and Aqueaus(water) extracts of Citrus aurantifoliaseeds,against growth of some bacteria isolated from burns infections(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumonia,Staphylococcusaureus)fromKindy HospitalIn Baghdad from March to June 2012.Antibiotic Sensitivity was done for all isolated bacteria used in this study.Results showed variation in antibacterial activity of different extracts against all tested bacteria by well diffusion technique in agar and measuring the diameter of inhibition zone, at concentration 250Mg-ml. Acetone extract had the greatest inhibitory effect followed by hot alcoholci extract, and then cold alcoholic extract,while the aqueous extract slightly inhibited bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)were determined for all extracts against studying bacteria and found(12.5-50)mg-ml for acetone and alcoholic extracts, MIC for aqueous extract was 50mg-ml forPseudomonasaeruginosa and Escherichia coli,while was no effect onKlebsiellapneumonia and Staphylococcusaureus. Minimum Bacterial Concentration(MBC)were determined and was found25-50mg-ml for acetone extract,hot water was25mg-ml, cold alcoholic extract was 50mg-ml forPseudomonasaeruginosa,Escherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumonia but showed no effect on Staphylococcus aureus, aqueous extract showed negative effect on alltested bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of hot alcoholic extract of seeds was investigated practically (in vivo) by treating burns mices infected with tested bacteria(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli and Klebsiellapneumonia),the results revealed good recovery at short time comparing with antibiotic(Flamazine) used at the same time.

scholarly journals Activity of a New Oral Streptogramin, XRP2868, against Gram-Positive Cocci Harboring Various Mechanisms of Resistance to Streptogramins

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Dupuis ◽  
Roland Leclercq
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of XRP2868, a new oral streptogramin composed of a combination of RPR132552 (streptogramin A) and RPR202868 (streptogramin B), was evaluated against a collection of clinical gram-positive isolates with characterized phenotypes and genotypes of streptogramin resistance. The effects of genes for resistance to streptogramin A or B on the activity of XRP2868 and its components were also tested by cloning these genes individually or in various combinations in gram-positive recipient strains susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin. The species tested included Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and other species of streptococci. XRP2868 was generally fourfold more potent than quinupristin-dalfopristin against S. aureus, E. faecium, and streptococci and had activity against E. faecalis (MICs = 0.25 to 1 μg/ml). XRP2868 appeared to be affected by the same mechanisms of resistance as those to quinupristin-dalfopristin. Nevertheless, the strong activity of factor A of the oral streptogramin enabled the combination to be very potent against streptogramin-susceptible staphylococci, streptococci, and E. faecium (MICs = 0.03 to 0.25 μg/ml) and to retain low MICs against the strains harboring a mechanism of resistance to factor A or factor B of the streptogramin. However, the combination of mechanisms of resistance to factors A and B caused an increase in the MICs of XRP2868, which reached 1 to 4 μg/ml. As with the other streptogramins, there was a reduction in the bactericidal effect of XRPR2868 when the staphylococcal strains acquired a constitutively expressed erm gene.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA FROM STARFISH (Protoreaster nodosus) COLLECTED FROM COASTAL AREA TAKALAR REGENCY, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Muhammad Danial Fajri ◽  
◽  
Subehan Lallo ◽  
Sartini Sartini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sterile Seawater

Marine organisms are well known for the availability of bioactive compounds which have various biological activities including antibacterial activity. Likewise, their symbiotic bacteria can also produce compounds that have similar activities. The purpose of this study was to isolate and screen the symbiotic bacteria from starfish (Protoreaster nodosus) collected from coastal area Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Isolation was carried out by the pour plate method using nutrient agar medium dissolved in sterile seawater. The isolated symbiotic bacteria were purified by using the quadrant method. The pure isolate was culture through submerged fermentation using nutrient broth media enriched with 1% yeast extract and sterile seawater for 7 days. The selected symbiont bacterial isolates were tested for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using disc diffusion assays. The results of fermentation were separated from the biomasses and tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis, ATCC 6633), Salmonella typhi (S. typhi, NCTC 786), and Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC 25923). The results of study revealed that four symbiotic bacteria (SB 1T, SB 2T, SB 3T, and SB 4T) were successfully isolated. All the SB isolates have good antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains with an average diameter of inhibition zone larger than 11 mm. Among all isolates, isolate SB 4T showed a remarkable size of zones growth inhibition (> 15 mm) against all tested bacterial strains. Thus, the symbiotic bacteria isolated from P. nodosus in this study have a promising broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Limonoids, Catechins, Procyanidins and Extracts from Xylocarpus granatum

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Wangensteen ◽  
Gia M. Duong ◽  
Mahiuddin Alamgir ◽  
Mokadez Sarder ◽  
Anne B. Samuelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Procyanidins and catechins were found in high amounts in the methanol extract of the bark of the mangrove tree Xylocarpus granatum. The procyanidins showed a consistent structural pattern with catechin as the starter and epicatechin as the extender units. Four limonoids with a tetranortriterpenoid structure, previously identified in X. granatum, were isolated as well. Catechins, procyanidins, limonoids and plant extracts were evaluated for DPPH radical scavenging and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) inhibiting effects. Catechins and procyanidins demonstrated high activity, and the procyanidin of the pentamer type was found to be most potent (IC50; DPPH: 3.3 ± 0.3 μM, 15-LO: 9 ± 1 μM). Extracts were also found to have antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Rationale for using Peltophorum africanum (Fabaceae) extracts in veterinary medicine

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Bizimenyera ◽  
G.E. Swan ◽  
H. Chikoto ◽  
J.N. Eloff
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Traditional Use

Peltophorum africanum (Fabaceae) is a deciduous tree widespread in southern Africa. The plant has many ethnomedical and ethnoveterinary uses. Root and bark decoctions are used to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, sore throat, wounds, back and joint pains, HIV-AIDS, venereal diseases and infertility. Pastoralists and rural farmers use the root and bark extracts to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, infertility, and to promote well-being and resistance to diseases in cattle. To evaluate these ethnobotanical leads, dried leaves, stem bark and root bark were extracted with ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane and hexane. Polyphenols in the extract were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as standard. Qualitative antioxidant activity was screened by spraying thin layer chromatograms (TLC) of the extracts with 0.2 % 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and quantified with Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and total antibacterial activity (TAA) were determined by serial microplate dilution for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis, with gentamicin as standard and tetrazolium violet as growth indicator. Acetone and ethanol extracted the largest quantity of material. Polyphenols concentration was 49.2% in acetone extract of the root and 3.8 % in dichloromethane extract of the leaf. Antioxidant activity of at least 5 antioxidant compounds as measured by TEAC ranged from 1.34 (ethanol extract of the root) to 0.01 (hexane extract of the leaf). The total antibacterial activity (volume to which active compounds present in 1 g plant material can be diluted and still inhibit bacterial growth) was 1263 mℓ/g for ethanol extract of the root against S. aureus, and 800 mℓ/g for acetone extract of the root against P. aeruginosa. There was substantial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with MIC values of 0.08 mg/mℓ for S. aureus and 0.16 mg/mℓ for P. aeruginosa. There is therefore a rationale for the traditional use of root and bark of P. africanum in treating bacterial infection related diseases.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ASSAY OF MANGROVE EXTRACTS AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apon Zaenal Mustopa ◽  
Rifqiyah Nur Umami ◽  
. Melki
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inhibition Zones

The antibacterial activities of mangrove species, Avicennia marina, Sonneratia caseolaris (collected from Teluk Payo, Banyuasin, South Sumatera), Ceriops tagal, Rizhopora apiculata, and Sonneratia alba (collected from Sadai, South Bangka) were screened against Salmonella typhi and Listeria monocytogenes by agar disk diffusion assays. Extractions were conducted using organic solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone, subsequently). Most of the extracts tested showed potential antibacterial activity against both pathogens. The methanol extracts of the bark from S. alba and the fruit from A. marina showed particularly large inhibition zones (15 mm) against S. typhi. The acetone extract of S. alba leaves showed the largest inhibition zone (14 mm) when tested against L. Monocy-togenes. Further partial purifications of selected extracts which showed strong inhibition were performed by silica gel column chromatography using various eluent compositions with different polarities. The third fraction of methanol extract from S.alba leaves eluted with chloroform:methanol (1:5) resulted in a remarkably large inhibition zone (23 mm) against S. typhi. The third and seventh fractions of acetone extract from S. alba leaves eluted with ethyl acetate:methanol (7:3) resulted in a large inhibition zones (15 mm) against L. monocytogenes. In addition, the sixth fraction of methanol extract from A. marina fruit eluted with chloroform : methanol (6:4) resulted in the largest inhibition zone (17 mm) against L. monocytogenes. These results indicated that mangrove extracts could be developed as potential biomaterials for biopharmaceutical as well as biopreservation industries.Keywords: antibacterial activity, mangrove, column chromatography

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