Polyethyleneimine Modified Carbon Cloth Anode for Self-Pumping Enzymatic Glucose Biofuel Cell

This paper proposes a simplified process that immobilizes enzymes onto carbon cloth electrodes to increase biofuel cell functionality. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is used to modify carbon cloth electrodes to reduce the processing time and increase self-pumping enzymatic glucose biofuel cell (self-pumping EGBC) electricity. PEI is usually used in biochemical engineering gene transfection as GOx support to enhance enzyme immobilization. PEI is a good candidate for increasing enzymatic biofuel cell (EBC) redox current. PEI and GOx have been successfully immobilized onto carbon cloth electrodes through FT-IR analysis. A UV/Vis spectrophotometer was used to investigate the best PEI support concentration. PEI was proven to improve redox current by cyclic voltammetry analysis. The results show that the GOx/PEI electrode has excellent hydrophilicity on the GOx/PEI electrode surface using contact angle measurement. The optical and electrochemical analysis result shows that GOx/PEI was successfully immobilized onto carbon cloth electrodes. Experimental analysis showed that self-pumping EGBC achieved a power output of 0.609 mW/cm2 (126.9 mW/cm3). PEI contributes to the shortening of the process from a few hours to 5–10 minutes and enhances GOx fuel cell performance.

Download Full-text

The effect of molecular assembly between collectors and inhibitors on the flotation of pyrite and talc

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.191133 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 191133 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tao Long ◽

Wei Xiao ◽

Wei Yang

Keyword(s):

Copper Sulfide ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Magnesium Silicate ◽

Selective Inhibition ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Molecular Assembly ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Pyrite Surface ◽

Flotation Process ◽

Ft Ir

In the flotation process, the traditional dosing sequence is to add an inhibitor first, followed by a collector. However, in the sorting process of copper sulfide ore, this method of dosing does not effectively separate sulfide minerals and layered magnesium silicate minerals. In this study, the effect of adding a guar gum (as an inhibitor) and potassium amyl xanthate (as a collector, shortened as PAX) sequence to the flotation separation of pyrite and talc was investigated by micro-flotation tests, adsorption amount measurements, contact angle measurement and FT-IR analysis. The results show that the collector only adsorbs on the pyrite surface, while the inhibitor has a strong adsorption capacity on the pyrite and talc surface. Through the change of the order of the flotation reagent addition, PAX preferentially adsorbs on the pyrite surface, thereby preventing guar gum from adsorbing on the pyrite surface and achieving the selective inhibition of talc by guar gum. This study will help in understanding the molecular assembly between collectors and inhibitors to further treat complex copper sulfide nickel ore.

Download Full-text

Preparation and Characterization of Surface-Modified β-Tricalcium Phosphate/Ploy(L-Lactide) Biocomposites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.120 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 197-198 ◽

pp. 120-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun Zou ◽

Xu Bin Jiang ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

You Shu ◽

Xuan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Ionic Interaction ◽

Digital Microscope ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Xrd Patterns ◽

Surface Modified

A new surface modification method by modifying low molecular weight ploy (L-lactide) (LMW PLLA) onto the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) superfine particles has been developed. The surface-modified β-TCP is characterized by FT-IR, XRD, digital microscope and contact angle measurement, et al. FT-IR spectra confirmed that LMW PLLA was connected onto the β-TCP surface through ionic interaction. XRD results indicated that the LMW PLLA did not affect the crystalline form of β-TCP, but the XRD patterns of the p-β-TCP showed a little difference with β-TCP. The p-β-TCP particles could be dispersed uniformly in dichloromethane. In contrast, unmodified β-TCP particles are apt to agglomerate after dispersed into dichloromethane. Wet angle measurement showed that hydrolyzed LMW PLLA significantly improves hydrophobicity of modified β-TCP particles. For the preparation of composites, PLLA was mixed with β-TCP and p-β-TCP, respectively, in a ratio of 85/15 (w/w) and moulded into tensile test specimens. Tensile tests showed that mechanical properties were improved, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited that modified β-TCP is an effective approach to prepare a homogeneous composites, moreover, it indicated a better interfacial phase interaction in the composite with the p-β-TCP. Chemical bonds between filler and PLLA matrix are assumed to be formed by ionic interaction.

Download Full-text

Synthesis and characterization of the polyacrylate latex functionalized by fluorine and silicon

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2007.7.1.554 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaofeng Ding ◽

Rong Guan ◽

Peizhi Chen

Keyword(s):

Surface Energy ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Latex Films ◽

Water Contact ◽

Energy Estimation ◽

Ratio Measurement ◽

Ft Ir

AbstractNovel functionalized polyacrylate latex with fluorine and silicon was prepared by semi-continuous dropping technique. 19F NMR, elemental analysis of the silicon (EAS) and FT-IR measurements prove that 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) and α,ω-bis(hydroxyl)polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSH) is successfully polymerized. TEM demonstrates that the functionalized latex particles were spherical, uniform and stable. Contact angle measurement and surface energy estimation show that the highest water contact of the functionalized latex films were 118.3° and the surface energy was as low as 11.7 mJ/m2. Water absorption ratio measurement reveals that the water resistance of the functionalized latex films is improved. The heat resistance of the functionalized latex films does not show a large difference from that of the original polyacrylate in our investigated systems.

Download Full-text

Study on the Surface Modification of Potassium Titanate Whisker

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.2119 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 396-398 ◽

pp. 2119-2126

Author(s):

Shan Yun ◽

Qian Qian Song ◽

Dan Dan Gao ◽

Gui Min Qian ◽

Dong Mei Zhao

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽

Potassium Titanate ◽

Surface Contact Angle ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Liquid Deposition ◽

Better Than ◽

Effect Of Surface

The surface of potassium titanate whisker (PTW) was coated with Al2O3 derived from NaAlO2 solution via a liquid deposition method, and coupling agent KH570 was used to treat the surface of Al2O3 coated PTW. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and surface contact angle measurement were used to characterize the effect of surface modification. The results showed that the surface of PTW was uniformly coated by Al2O3 nanoparticles. After modified by KH570, the modified Al2O3/PTW showed better dispersion in ethanol solvent and the surface of modified Al2O3/PTW became more hydrophobic-lipophilic than that of modified uncoated PTW. It is indicated that the modified Al2O3/PTW could be dispersed much better than the modified uncoated PTW in organic phase.

Download Full-text

Surface Chemical Modification and Characterization of Nano Fe2O3

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.345.180 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 345 ◽

pp. 180-183

Author(s):

Yan Liu ◽

He Yi Ge ◽

Xiu Zhi Zhang ◽

Shi Feng Huang ◽

Xin Cheng

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Organic Polymer ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

The Matrix ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Acidic Conditions ◽

Surface Chemical Modification

The surface of nanoFe2O3 was modified with silane coupling agent 3-(methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) under acidic conditions in order to improve the dispersity of particles in organic polymer and to enhance the interfacial bonding with the matrix. Contact angle measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were adopted to characterize and analyze the unmodified and modified nanoFe2O3. Through TG curves, it was calculated that when the KH-570 content was 25%, the grafting rate of Fe2O3 reached a maximum value at 7.28%. The FT-IR and XRD results indicated that KH-570 successfully modified the nanoFe2O3 with its organic functional groups chemically bonded on the surface of nanoFe2O3 which contributed to prevent particles from conglomerating. The surface treatment of nanoFe2O3 had no significant effect on the nanoparticles crystalline form. Contact angle measurement investigated that the hydrophile of modified nanoFe2O3 was decreased.

Download Full-text

Modification of Passive Layer on TiNbZrTa Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) at Various pH

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.415.17 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 415 ◽

pp. 17-20

Author(s):

D. Ionita ◽

Mariana Prodana ◽

M. Caposi

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Passive Layer ◽

The Body ◽

Ion Release ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Ph Values ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Simulated Body Fluids

The paper reports the behavior of TiNbZrTa in biological solution which simulates the body conditions (SBF-simulated body fluids) with different pH values. It has determinate the ion release quantities in time in SBF and the passive layer transformation on the implant surface. The used techniques were ICP-MS, FT-IR and contact angle measurement.

Download Full-text

Structure and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly-2016-0059 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 215-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ruiliu Wang ◽

Guangbiao Xu ◽

Yuechao He

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Water Contact ◽

Excellent Thermal Stability ◽

Ft Ir

AbstractStructure and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers were characterized thoroughly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzing (TG) and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the longitudinal surface of the fiber was not smooth and was full of grooves. The cross sections of fibers were sheet-like and irregular. The infrared spectrum of PTFE fibers was the same as that of PTFE films except the 626 cm-l bands which were associated with the helix-reversal defect. The range of fineness distribution (2.09–11.50 dtex) was wide and the average strength was 1.37 cN/dtex. PTFE fibers began to be decomposed at 508.6°C and showed excellent thermal stability. The water contact angle of fibers layers was 120° indicating it to be a hydrophobic material. All these results provide a theoretical foundation for applications of PTFE fibers.

Download Full-text

Super-Hydrophilic Lu3+-Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts for Self-Cleaning Applications

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1700 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 1700-1703

Author(s):

Wen Yuan Xu ◽

Li Na Meng ◽

Chuo Yang ◽

Guo Lin Huang

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

The Self ◽

Photocatalytic Properties ◽

Long Time ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Self Cleaning ◽

Composition Structure ◽

And Performance

The self-cleaning glasses can be realized by coating the photoinduced super-hydrophilic Lu3+-doped TiO2 thin films via innovative ultrasonic-sol-gel route. The composition, structure and performance of the as-obtained material were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR and UV-vis. The super-hydrophilicity is assessed by contact angle measurement. Photocatalytic properties of these films are evaluated by degradation of methyl orange under UV irradiation. The results indicate that the crystalline phase composition of Lu3+ doped TiO2 films is anatase, and the particle size is from 6 to 15 nm. In addition, Lu3+ doping can bring the red shift of the optical absorption edge of TiO2. The films exhibit excellent super-hydrophilicity and photocatalytic properties after UV radiation and the hydrophilicity can maintain for a long time in the dark place, which favors greatly the self-cleaning function of the films.

Download Full-text

Superhydrophobic functionalized cellulosic paper by copper hydroxide nanorods for oils purification

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95784-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed S. Belal ◽

Jehan El Nady ◽

Azza Shokry ◽

Shaker Ebrahim ◽

Moataz Soliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Separation Efficiency ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Copper Hydroxide ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Water Contact

AbstractOily water contamination has been sighted as one of the most global environmental pollution. Herein, copper hydroxide nanorods layer was constructed onto cellulosic filter paper surface cured with polydopamine, Ag nanoparticles, and Cu NPs through immersion method. This work has been aimed to produce a superhydrophobic and superoleophilic cellulosic filter paper. The structure, crystalline, and morphological properties of these modified cellulosic filter paper were investigated. Scanning electron microscope images confirmed that the modified surface was rougher compared with the pristine surface. The contact angle measurement confirmed the hydrophobic nature of these modified surfaces with a water contact angle of 169.7°. The absorption capacity was 8.2 g/g for diesel oil and the separation efficiency was higher than 99%. It was noted that the flux in the case of low viscosity solvent as n-hexane was 9663.5 Lm−2 h−1, while for the viscous oil as diesel was 1452.7 Lm−2 h−1.

Download Full-text