scholarly journals Comparison between In Vitro Antiviral Effect of Mexican Propolis and Three Commercial Flavonoids against Canine Distemper Virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de Jesús González-Búrquez ◽  
Francisco Rodolfo González-Díaz ◽  
Carlos Gerardo García-Tovar ◽  
Liborio Carrillo-Miranda ◽  
Carlos Ignacio Soto-Zárate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Viral Origin ◽  
Viral Expression

Propolis is a resin that honey bees (Apis mellifera) produce by mixing wax, exudates collected from tree shoots, pollen, and enzymes. It has been used for its biological properties against pathogenic microorganisms including those of viral origin. In the present study, we demonstrate the antiviral effect of Mexican propolis, as well as of the three commercial flavonoids (quercetin, naringenin, and pinocembrin) present in its composition, in cell cultures infected with Canine Distemper Virus. The treatments were carried out with propolis, flavonoids individually, and a mixture of the three flavonoids at three different times. Antiviral activity was evaluated by the inhibition of the relative expression of the virus nucleoprotein gene (Real-Time qPCR) and by the determination of cellular viability (MTT assay). Propolis applied before infection decreased viral expression (0.72 versus 1.0, 1.65, and 1.75 relative expressions) and correlated with increased cell viability (0.314 versus 0.215, 0.259, and 0.237 absorbance units (AU)). The administration of a flavonoid mixture containing the three commercial flavonoids before infection induces a slight decrease in viral expression (0.93 versus 1, 1.42, and 1.82 relative expressions); however, it does not improve cellular viability (0.255 versus 0.247, 0.282, and 0.245 AU). Quercetin administrated at the same time of infection decreases viral expression (0.90 versus 1.0, 3.25, and 1.02 relative expressions) and improves cellular viability (0.294 versus 0.240, 0.250, and 0.245 AU). Pinocembrin and naringenin individually did not show any antiviral activity at the administration times evaluated in this study. The present work is the first in vitro study of the effect of propolis in Canine Distemper Virus and demonstrated the antiviral activity of Mexican propolis, in addition to the synergy that exists between the three flavonoids on cell viability and the expression of the nucleoprotein virus gene.

In Vitro Evaluation of Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Canine Distemper Virus

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Scagliarini ◽  
F. Vaccari ◽  
L. Gallina ◽  
F. Dal Pozzo ◽  
S. Prosperi
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

scholarly journals 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside, a thiopurine nucleoside with antiviral activity against canine distemper virus in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio Valério de Carvalho ◽  
Daniele Mendes Félix ◽  
Claudia de Camargo Tozato ◽  
Juliana Lopes Rangel Fietto ◽  
Márcia Rogéria de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Canine Distemper

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characterization of Olea europea Leaf Extracts and Assessment of Their Anti-Microbial and Anti-HSV-1 Activity

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Ichrak Ben-Amor ◽  
Maria Musarra-Pizzo ◽  
Antonella Smeriglio ◽  
Manuela D’Arrigo ◽  
Rosamaria Pennisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Entry Assay ◽  
Olea Europea ◽  
Hsv 1

Owing to the richness of bioactive compounds, Olea europea leaf extracts exhibit a range of health effects. The present research evaluated the antibacterial and antiviral effect of leaf extracts obtained from Olea europea L. var. sativa (OESA) and Olea europea var. sylvestris (OESY) from Tunisia. LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis allowed the identification of different compounds that contributed to the observed biological properties. Both OESA and OESY were active against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC values between 7.81 and 15.61 μg/mL and between 15.61 and 31.25 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 for OESY and OESA, respectively). The antiviral activity against the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) was assessed on Vero cells. The results of cell viability indicated that Olea europea leaf extracts were not toxic to cultured Vero cells. The half maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) values for OESA and OESY were 0.2 mg/mL and 0.82 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, both a plaque reduction assay and viral entry assay were used to demonstrate the antiviral activity. In conclusion, Olea europea leaf extracts demonstrated a bacteriostatic effect, as well as remarkable antiviral activity, which could provide an alternative treatment against resistant strains.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis and Expression of the Attachment and Fusion Proteins of Canine Distemper Virus Wild-Type Strain A75/17

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 2263-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Cherpillod ◽  
Karin Beck ◽  
Andreas Zurbriggen ◽  
Riccardo Wittek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Fusion Proteins ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Attachment Protein

ABSTRACT The biological properties of wild-type A75/17 and cell culture-adapted Onderstepoort canine distemper virus differ markedly. To learn more about the molecular basis for these differences, we have isolated and sequenced the protein-coding regions of the attachment and fusion proteins of wild-type canine distemper virus strain A75/17. In the attachment protein, a total of 57 amino acid differences were observed between the Onderstepoort strain and strain A75/17, and these were distributed evenly over the entire protein. Interestingly, the attachment protein of strain A75/17 contained an extension of three amino acids at the C terminus. Expression studies showed that the attachment protein of strain A75/17 had a higher apparent molecular mass than the attachment protein of the Onderstepoort strain, in both the presence and absence of tunicamycin. In the fusion protein, 60 amino acid differences were observed between the two strains, of which 44 were clustered in the much smaller F2 portion of the molecule. Significantly, the AUG that has been proposed as a translation initiation codon in the Onderstepoort strain is an AUA codon in strain A75/17. Detailed mutation analyses showed that both the first and second AUGs of strain A75/17 are the major translation initiation sites of the fusion protein. Similar analyses demonstrated that, also in the Onderstepoort strain, the first two AUGs are the translation initiation codons which contribute most to the generation of precursor molecules yielding the mature form of the fusion protein.

scholarly journals The in vitro and in vivo potency of CT-P59 against Delta and its associated variants of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Kyun Ryu ◽  
Hye-Min Woo ◽  
Bobin Kang ◽  
Hanmi Noh ◽  
Jong-In Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Symptom Remission ◽  
Challenge Experiment ◽  
Reduced Activity

The Delta variant originally from India is rapidly spreading across the world and causes to resurge infections of SARS-CoV-2. We previously reported that CT-P59 presented its in vivo potency against Beta and Gamma variants, despite its reduced activity in cell experiments. Yet, it remains uncertain to exert the antiviral effect of CT-P59 on the Delta and its associated variants (L452R). To tackle this question, we carried out cell tests and animal study. CT-P59 showed reduced antiviral activity but enabled neutralization against Delta, Epsilon, and Kappa variants in cells. In line with in vitro results, the mouse challenge experiment with the Delta variant substantiated in vivo potency of CT-P59 showing symptom remission and virus abrogation in the respiratory tract. Collectively, cell and animal studies showed that CT-P59 is effective against the Delta variant infection, hinting that CT-P59 has therapeutic potency for patients infected with Delta and its associated variants.

Virulence of tissue culture-propagated canine distemper virus

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 940-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Metzler ◽  
R J Higgins ◽  
S Krakowka ◽  
A Koestner
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Passage Level ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophage

Virulence of canine distemper virus (CDV) adapted to in vitro growth in Vero or bovine cells was determined by inoculation into CDV-susceptible neonatal gnotobiotic dogs. When compared with dogs given virulent R252-CDV, Vero R252-CDV was attenuated at passage level 14. In contrast, dogs inoculated with bovine R252-CDV at the same passage level experienced rapid fatal neurological disease. Virulence was not linked to ability to infect or replicate in canine pulmonary macrophage cultures. Retention of virulence by bovine R252-CDV is unique and worthy of further study.

scholarly journals Virulent and attenuated canine distemper virus infects multiple dog brain cell types in vitro

Glia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Pearce-Kelling ◽  
William J. Mitchell ◽  
Brian A. Summers ◽  
Max J. G. Appel
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Dog Brain ◽  
Brain Cell Types

scholarly journals Canine distemper virus-induced glial cell changes in vitro

1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zurbriggen ◽  
M. Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cell ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Cell Changes

Antiherpesvirus Activity of the Combination of 5-iodo-2′-deoxycytidine with methotrexate: An in vitro and in vivo Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
C. Cremonesi ◽  
C. Scarpini ◽  
R. Bianchi ◽  
A. Radaelli ◽  
M. Gimelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Dihydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Reductase Inhibitor ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

We evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of the deoxyribonucleoside analogue 5-iodo-2′-deoxycytidine (IDC) combined with the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor methotrexate (MTX) on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2). The IDC-MTX combination synergistically inhibited HSV-1 and HSV-2 replication in vitro at concentrations that did not reduce cellular viability and was very effective in reducing the severity of cutaneous lesions in the experimental guinea pig model in vivo. The antiviral activity of the IDC-MTX combination in guinea pigs was also compared with that of acyclovir and was demonstrated to be higher.

scholarly journals Complement-Mediated Neutralization of Canine Distemper Virus In Vitro: Cross-Reaction between Vaccine Onderstepoort and Field KDK-1 Strains with Different Hemagglutinin Gene Characteristics

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Mochizuki ◽  
Megumi Motoyoshi ◽  
Ken Maeda ◽  
Kazunari Kai
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Hemagglutinin Gene

ABSTRACT The properties of neutralization of antigens of canine distemper virus Onderstepoort and a recent field isolate, KDK-1, were investigated with strain-specific dog sera. A conventional neutralization assay indicated antigenic dissimilarity between the strains; however, when guinea pig complement was included in the reaction mixture, the strains were neutralized with not only the homologous but also the heterologous antibodies.

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