scholarly journals Impact of Obesity on Long-Term Urinary Incontinence after Radical Prostatectomy: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wei ◽  
Yu-Peng Wu ◽  
Min-Yi Lin ◽  
Shao-Hao Chen ◽  
Yun-Zhi Lin ◽  
...  

Obesity is a known risk factor for prostate cancer progression and may contribute to poor treatment outcomes. However, little is known concerning the relationship between obesity (body mass index [BMI] ⩾ 30) and the urinary incontinence (UI) of patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). The goal of this study was to focus on the prevalence and duration of UI after RP with specific attention to the BMI. Subsequently, trials were identified in a literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using appropriate search terms. All comparative studies reporting BMI, study characteristics, and outcome data including the relationship between BMI and urinary incontinence data were included. Finally, four studies comprising 6 trials with 2890 participants were included. The results showed that obesity increased UI risk at 12 months in patients who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP) (odds ratio [OR] 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.21, 4.88], P=0.01). When stratified by the surgical methods, the pooled results showed that obesity increased UI risk at 24 months in patients who underwent RLRP (OR 2.00, 95% CI [1.57, 2.56], P<0.001). However, in patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), the pooled results showed that obesity does not increase UI risk at 24 months (OR 1.13, 95% CI [0.74, 1.72], P=0.58). This is the first study to include obesity as the primary independent variable. Outcomes indicate that obesity (BMI ≥ 30) may increase the UI risk at 12 and 24 months after RLRP. Well-designed randomized controlled trials with strict control of confounders are needed to make results comparable.

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052093134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulin Cheng ◽  
Dong Lin ◽  
Tinghui Hu ◽  
Liang Cao ◽  
Hai Liao ◽  
...  

Objective We explored the relationship between urinary incontinence (UI) and depression or anxiety. Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed for articles on the association between depression, anxiety, and UI. We calculated pooled 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (ORs). Results Twelve articles (31,462 participants) were included. The UI group had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than the non-UI group (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.64–1.82, I2 = 75.5%). In subgroup analysis, depression and anxiety were significantly higher in participants with UI than in those without UI (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.82–2.10, I2 = 64.3% and OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.43–1.65, I2 = 59.2%, respectively).  In subgroup analysis by age, participants with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety, regardless of age, than the non-UI group (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.29–1.95, I2 = 59.1% and OR = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.62–2.43, I2 = 75.5%, respectively). Conclusion Patients with UI had significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than those without UI. Depression and anxiety were higher in patients with UI than in those without UI, regardless of age. Larger sample sizes and more high-quality studies are needed to validate our findings.


2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482198903
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Ishizuka ◽  
Norisuke Shibuya ◽  
Kazutoshi Takagi ◽  
Hiroyuki Hachiya ◽  
Kazuma Tago ◽  
...  

Objective To explore the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background Although there are several studies to investigate the relationship between appendectomy history and emergence of PD, the results are still controversial. Methods We performed a comprehensive electronic search of the literature (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and the Web of Science) up to April 2020 to identify studies that had employed databases allowing comparison of emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history. To integrate the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of PD, a meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the selected studies, and heterogeneity was analyzed using I2 statistics. Results Four studies involving a total of 6 080 710 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Among 1 470 613 patients with appendectomy history, 1845 (.13%) had emergences of PD during the observation period, whereas among 4 610 097 patients without appendectomy history, 6743 (.15%) had emergences of PD during the observation period. These results revealed that patients with appendectomy history and without appendectomy had almost the same emergence of PD (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, .87-1.20; P = .83; I2 = 87%). Conclusion This meta-analysis has demonstrated that there was no significant difference in emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Runqing Li ◽  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Yushan Li ◽  
Quanxian Wang

Abstract Background Published studies have shown contradictory results regarding the relationship between somatometric parameters and varicoceles. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the possible effects of age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) on the presence and severity of varicoceles. Methods Databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant articles published up to March 2020. Two researchers independently identified eligible articles and extracted data. Cochran’s Q statistic and I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed using StataSE 12.0 software (StataCorp LP, USA). Random-effects models were used to obtain the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Results The search strategy produced 272 articles, of which 18 articles were eligible according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 56,325 patients with varicocele and 1,334,694 patients without varicocele were included in the meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of somatometric parameters on the presence and severity of varicocele. The overall results demonstrated that the presence of varicoceles was significantly associated with height (WMD = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.74, P < 0.001) and inversely correlated with BMI (WMD = − 1.35, 95% CI = -1.67 to − 1.03, P < 0.001) but not with age (WMD = -0.93, 95% CI = -2.19 to 0.33, P = 0.149) or weight (WMD = 0.24, 95% CI = -2.24 to 2.72, P = 0.850). The severity of varicocele was inversely correlated with increased BMI but not with age. Conclusion The presence of varicoceles was significantly associated with height and inversely correlated with BMI.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa ◽  
Iván Cavero-Redondo ◽  
I.M. Lee ◽  
Celia Álvarez-Bueno ◽  
Sara Reina-Gutierrez ◽  
...  

This work was aimed to synthetize the evidence available about the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and the risk of cancer mortality. A computerized search in the Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to 24 September 2020 was performed. We performed three meta-analyses: (1) cancer mortality comparing the “less than 60 bpm” and “more than 60 bpm” categories; (2) cancer mortality comparing “less than 60 bpm”, “60 to 80 bpm”, and “more than 80 bpm” categories; and (3) analysis for 10–12 and 20 bpm increase in RHR and risk of cancer mortality. Twenty-two studies were included in the qualitative review, and twelve of them met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Our results showed a positive association between RHR and the risk of cancer mortality. This association was shown in a meta-analysis comparing studies reporting mean RHR values below and above 60 bpm, when comparing three RHR categories using less than 60 bpm as the reference category and, finally, in dose response analyses estimating the effect of an increase of 10–12 bpm in RHR, both in men and in women. In conclusion, a low RHR is a potential marker of low risk of cancer mortality.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Papakostidis ◽  
Peter V. Giannoudis ◽  
J. Tracy Watson ◽  
Robert Zura ◽  
R. Grant Steen

Abstract Background Elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgery which has evolved rapidly. However, there are no recent large systematic reviews of serious adverse event (SAE) rate and 30-day readmission rate (30-dRR) or an indication of whether surgical methods have improved. Methods To obtain a pooled estimate of SAE rate and 30-dRR following TKA, we searched Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Data were extracted by two authors following PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria were defined prior to a comprehensive search. Studies were eligible if they were published in 2007 or later, described sequelae of TKA with patient N > 1000, and the SAE or 30-dRR rate could be calculated. SAEs included return to operating room, death or coma, venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep infection or sepsis, myocardial infarction, heart failure or cardiac arrest, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, or pneumonia. Results Of 248 references reviewed, 28 are included, involving 10,153,503 patients; this includes 9,483,387 patients with primary TKA (pTKA), and 670,116 patients with revision TKA (rTKA). For pTKA, the SAE rate was 5.7% (95% CI 4.4−7.2%, I2 = 100%), and the 30-dRR was 4.8% (95% CI 4.3−5.4%, I2 = 100%). For rTKA, the SAE rate was 8.5% (95% CI 8.3−8.7%, I2 = 77%), while the 30-dRR was 7.2% (95% CI 6.4−8.0%, I2 = 81%). Odds of 30-dRR following pTKA were about half that of rTKA (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.53−0.62%, p < 0.001, I2 = 45%). Of patients who received pTKA, the commonest SAEs were VTE (1.22%; 95% CI 0.83−1.70%) and genitourinary complications including renal insufficiency or renal failure (1.22%; 95% CI 0.83−1.67%). There has been significant improvement in SAE rate and 30-dRR since 2010 (χ2 test < 0.001). Conclusions TKA procedures have a relatively low complication rate, and there has been a significant improvement in SAE rate and 30-dRR over the past decade.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Xuan Cheng ◽  
Jia-lian Zhu ◽  
Wen-wen Luo ◽  
Huai-rong Xiang ◽  
...  

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this article was to investigate the relationship between statins and the risk of different stages or grades of prostate cancer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A comprehensive literature search was performed for articles published until December 18, 2020, on the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were then analyzed using the STATA.16.0 software. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 588,055 patients from 14 studies were included in the analysis. We found that the use of statins expressed a significant correlation with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73–0.91; RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75–0.99, respectively). However, no evidence suggested that the use of statins was beneficial for the prevention of localized prostate cancer incidence. Similarly, the pooled results also revealed no association between the use of statins and the risk of high-grade and low-grade prostate cancer. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It has been found that the use of statins is associated with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer but was not related to the risk of localized, low-grade, or high-grade prostate cancer.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jing ◽  
Man Zhu ◽  
Xian-wei Zhang ◽  
Zhong-ya Pan ◽  
Shan-shan Gao ◽  
...  

Recently, numerous studies indicate that H19 plays a key role in tumorigenesis, but the results have been disputed, especially in the aspects of tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to systematically summarize the relationship between H19 and cancers. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Chinese Wan Fang to identify eligible studies. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the effect size. A total of 13 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, which was performed by Revman5.3 and Stata11.0 software. Our meta-analysis showed that the expression of H19 was associated with distant metastasis in nongastrointestinal tumors (OR = 3.85, 95% CI = 1.31–11.36,P=0.01) and, in gastrointestinal tumors (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.15–0.78,P=0.01), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.19–3.48,P=0.009). Moreover, in gastric cancer, H19 expression was significantly related to histological grade (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.29–0.86,P=0.01), TNM stage (OR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.11–0.33,P<0.01), and tumor invasion depth (OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.04–0.27,P<0.01). Therefore, H19 could serve as a potential marker for progression and metastasis evaluation of cancers.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Liliangzi Guo ◽  
Chenxing Zhang ◽  
Shaohui Tang

Background: Several studies have assessed the relationship between long non-coding RNA five prime to Xist (FTX) expression, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in cancer patients with conflicting results. This meta-analysis synthesized existing data to clarify the association between FTX with cancer prognosis.Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese CNKI, and the Chinese WanFang databases were used to search for relevant studies. Role of FTX in cancers was evaluated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Eleven studies comprising 1,210 participants including colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric cancer (GC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), osteosarcoma (OSC), and glioma were enrolled in this analysis. The meta-analysis showed that high FTX expression was significantly associated with several clinicopathological characteristics, including lymph node metastasis in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, and RCC, distant metastasis in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, and OSC, larger tumor size in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, RCC, and OSC, and subsequently TNM/clinical stage in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, OSC, and glioma. The pooled results from the survival analysis revealed a significant correlation between high FTX expression and shorter OS in patients with HCC, CRC, GC, OSC, and glioma. Further, FTX overexpression could be an independent predictive marker for shorter OS in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma. Conclusions: FTX may be a potential oncogene, with high FTX expression being associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang-Nan Xu ◽  
Zhen-Yu Xu ◽  
Hu-Ming Yin

Background: The Retzius space-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) has shown better results in urinary continence, but its efficacy and safety compared to conventional robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (c-RARP) remain controversial.Material and Methods: A research was conducted in Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to January 4, 2021, to identify studies comparing RS-RARP to c-RARP. We used RevMan 5.3 and STATA 14.0 for meta-analysis.Results: A total of 14 studies involving 3,129 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in positive surgical margins (PSMs), but the RS-RARP group had significantly higher PSM rates in the anterior site [odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.22–4.16, P = 0.01]. Postoperative continence in RS-RARP group at 1 month (OR = 5.72, 95% CI: 3.56–9.19, P &lt; 0.01), 3 months (OR = 6.44, 95% CI: 4.50–9.22, P &lt; 0.01), 6 months (OR = 8.68, 95% CI: 4.01–18.82, P &lt; 0.01), and 12 months (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.20–4.70, P = 0.01) was significantly better than that in the c-RARP group. In addition, the RS-RARP group had a shorter console time (mean difference = −16.28, 95% CI: −27.04 to −5.53, P = 0.003) and a lower incidence of hernia (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19–0.67, P = 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in estimated blood loss, pelvic lymph node dissection rate, postoperative complications, 1-year-biochemical recurrence rate, and postoperative sexual function.Conclusions: Compared with c-RARP, RS-RARP showed better recovery of continence, shorter console time, and lower incidence of hernia. Although there was no significant difference in overall PSM, we suggest that the surgeon should be more careful if the lesion is in the anterior prostate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lihong Tian ◽  
Pingping Xiao ◽  
Bingrong Zhou ◽  
Yishan Chen ◽  
Lijuan Kang ◽  
...  

This meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of NQO1 polymorphism on the warfarin maintenance dosage. Using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies published prior to July 7, 2021. The required data were extracted, and experts were consulted when necessary. Review Manager Version 5.4 software was used to analyze the relationship between NQO1 polymorphisms and the warfarin maintenance dosage. Four articles involving 757 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Patients who were NQO1 rs10517 G carriers (AG carriers or GG carriers) required a 48% higher warfarin maintenance dose than those who were AA carriers. Patients with NQO1 rs1800566 CT carriers required a 13% higher warfarin dose than those who were CC carriers, with no associations observed with the other comparisons of the NQO1 rs1800566 genotypes. However, the results obtained by comparing the NQO1 rs1800566 genotypes require confirmation, as significant changes in the results were found in sensitivity analyses. Our meta-analysis suggests that the NQO1 rs10517and NQO1 rs1800566 variant statuses affect the required warfarin maintenance dose.


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