scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of E. coli Isolated from Raw Cow Milk and Fresh Fruit Juice in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haftay Abraha Tadesse ◽  
Netsenet Berhe Gidey ◽  
Kidane Workelule ◽  
Hagos Hailu ◽  
Seyfe Gidey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

Aim. Foodborne illnesses represent a public health problem in developed and developing countries. They cause great suffering and are transmitted directly or indirectly between animals and humans and circulate in the global environment. E. coli are among them, causing a major public health problem. The aim of this study was therefore to study the antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli from raw cow milk and fruit juice. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to June 2017 on 258 samples collected from milk shops (n=86), dairy farms (n=86), and fruit juice (n=86) in different subcities of Mekelle. Bacteriological procedures were used for isolation of E. coli in the collected samples and for identification of the antimicrobial resistance profile. Result. The overall mean viable bacterial count and standard deviation of samples from milk shop, fruit juice, and dairy milk were found to be 8.86 ± 107, 7.2 ± 107, and 8.65 ± 107 CFU/ml and 33.87 ± 106, 6.68 ± 106, and 22.0 ± 106, respectively. Of the samples tested, 39 from milk shops (45.35%), 20 from fruit juice (23.26%), and 24 from dairy farms (27.91%) were found to be positive for E. coli. The isolated E. coli were highly resistant to ampicillin (70%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (60%), clindamycin (80%), erythromycin (60%), chloramphenicol (50%), and kanamycin (50%) and were found to be susceptible to some antibiotics like gentamicin (100%), norfloxacin (100%), tetracycline (60%), polymyxin B (90%), and ciprofloxacin (90%). Conclusion. The current study supports the finding that raw milk and fruit juice can be regarded as critical source of pathogenic E. coli. This supports the need for strict monitoring and the implementation of effective hygienic and biosecurity measures in the whole food chain of these products as well as a prudent use of antimicrobials.

Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Strains: Can Fish Commonly Used in Raw Preparations such as Sushi and Sashimi Constitute a Public Health Problem?

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1130-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
VANESSA SILVA ◽  
JOÃO NUNES ◽  
ANÍCIA GOMES ◽  
ROSA CAPITA ◽  
CARLOS ALONSO-CALLEJA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Raw Fish

ABSTRACT We studied 50 antimicrobial resistance mechanisms associated with Escherichia coli strains isolated from five species of commercial fish to evaluate the carriage and type of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in these isolates. One hundred fifty samples of fresh raw fish were collected from large supermarkets and fish markets in northern Portugal during 2017. Thirty samples from each species were screened for the presence of E. coli and ESBL-producing E. coli. The samples were spread onto Levine plates with or without cefotaxime (2 μg/mL). The sensitivity of the isolates was determined for 16 antibiotics. The resistance and virulence genes were investigated by PCR. From the 150 samples, 45 E. coli isolates were recovered, and 3 of these isolates produced ESBL. All of these ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to β-lactams and harbored the blaCTX-M-1 and blaTEM genes, and all belonged to phylogenetic group A. One ESBL-producing E. coli isolate also was resistant to tetracycline and harbored the tet(A) gene, and another isolate was resistant to streptomycin and harbored the aadA gene. The remaining E. coli isolates were resistant to individual or combinations of the following antibiotics: tetracycline (16 isolates), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (10 isolates), streptomycin (9 isolates), ampicillin (8 isolates), and chloramphenicol (2 isolates). The blaTEM, tet(A), aadA, and cmlA genes and combinations of sul genes were detected among most isolates that were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, respectively. The unmonitored and excessive use of antibiotics in aquatic environments promotes the development and propagation of antimicrobial resistance, and fish can be reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes, which can easily be transmitted to humans through the consumption of raw fish, creating a public health problem. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolates from Different Clinical Samples in Abeokuta, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
S. L. Owolabi ◽  
I. A. Azeez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

The alarming increase of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli has posed a great challenge in the public health sector. Thus, this microorganism is a leading cause of different human infections and it can be found in various environments. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the multiple antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from some hospitals in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Isolates of E. coli were obtained from different clinical samples and were re-identified morphologically and biochemically. E. coli was isolated from 30% out of a total of 70 clinical samples analyzed for isolation and identification. The isolation rate of E. coli was highest in urine samples 10(47.6%) when compared to other clinical samples. There was significant increase in the resistance rate of E. coli to tetracycline (14.3%), ceftazidime (14.2%), and ampicillin (14.2%).Also, an increased sensitivity rate to augmentin (71.4%), ofloxacin (66.7%), cefuroxime (66.7%), ciprofloxacin (61.9%) and ceftazidime (61.9%) were observed. Furthermore, the overall multiple drug resistance rates obtained was 14(66.7%) and it was established that, multiple antimicrobial resistance of the E. coli isolates was plasmid mediated. E. coli isolates exhibited high resistance rate to multiple antimicrobial agents, however, its sensitivity to augmentin, ofloxacin, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime showed that these antimicrobials are still effective against E. coli infections in the study area.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Chicken Carcasses in the Federal District, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELENIRA MELO de MOURA ◽  
PATRÍCIA RENAULT SILVA ◽  
PATRÍCIA HELENA CALDEIRA da SILVA ◽  
NARA RÚBIA SOUZA ◽  
ALINE MONDINI C. RACANICCI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
High Level

The aim of the present study was to perform microbiological isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from chilled chicken carcasses marketed in the Federal District of Brazil and to subject the strains to an antibiogram. A total of 92 samples from chilled chicken carcasses were acquired, 18 of which (19.56%) tested positive for C. jejuni. A total of 16 strains were tested for susceptibility to eight antimicrobial drugs. All 16 strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 15 strains to nalidixic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamycin, 14 strains to amoxicillin, 11 strains to erythromycin, and 6 strains to chloramphenicol. The present study is the first to report on the presence of C. jejuni in chilled chicken carcasses marketed in the Federal District region of Brazil. These results may indicate flaws in certain steps of this food processing and highlight a possible public health problem due to the high level of resistance exhibited by the isolated strains.

scholarly journals Editorial: Antimicrobial Resistance as a Global Public Health Problem: How Can We Address It?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciene Andrade Da Rocha Minarini ◽  
Leonardo Neves de Andrade ◽  
Eliana De Gregorio ◽  
Filipa Grosso ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

scholarly journals A review on Antibiotic Policy and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (AMSP) – Need of the hour

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1233-1237
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Anu Sharma ◽  
Yasmeen M ◽  
Parwez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program ◽  
Antibiotic Policy ◽  
Stewardship Program

Emerging trends of antimicrobial resistance and development of multidrug resistance and pan resistant strains have become a significant public health problem worldwide. The rate at which newer drugs are developing has slowed down and clinicians are left with only limited therapeutic options for treatment of the patient. We are heading towards the pre antibiotic discovery phase where mortality was high due to unavailability of appropriate drugs; however, in current situation due to misuse or over use of antibiotics, microbes have developed newer methods of resistance, thus rendering these antimicrobials ineffective in their action which has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality among patient and increase in the health care expenditure. Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a major public health problem of international concern. As there is alarming situation globally due to development of multi and pan resistant bacteria which are also known as superbugs, these superbugs have resulted in havoc as these infections are not treatable and is of great concern to the treating physician. Judicious use of antibiotics and implementation of antibiotic stewardship program are the only ways to combat the current situation. The present review aims to provide information on framing of antibiotic policy and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program.      

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile of extended- spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia Coli at Ho Chi Minh City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Ngan Ly Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Trang Thi Phuong Phan ◽  
Nguyen Kim Thi Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

The antimicrobial resistance profile of extended-spectrumb -lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli has been continuously changed in recent years in Vietnam and wordwide. A number of studies recently found that the prevalences of ESBL-producing E. coli decreased in Vietnam from 2016 to 2017 compared with those in previous years. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial profile of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from clinical specimens in Binh Dan hospital and from healthy individuals at Ho Chi Minh City in 2018. The results showed that the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from healthy individuals in 2018 and 2017 were nearly equal. The prevalence increased from 14.9% in 2017 up to 19.1% in 2018. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from healthy individuals in Ho Chi Minh City was lower than that in other parts of Viet Nam. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from clinical pecimens in Binh Dan hospital (22.25%) was lower than those in some other hospitals but higher compared with it from healthy individuals (19.1%). All of the ESBL-producing isolates were multidrug resistant and high resistance to aminoglycoside or quinolone. Imipenem and fosfomycin have still be considered as the treatment of choice against ESBL- producer infections. High resistance rate of E. coli isolated from blood specimens to imipenem was found in the study.

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