scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile of extended- spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia Coli at Ho Chi Minh City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Ngan Ly Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Trang Thi Phuong Phan ◽  
Nguyen Kim Thi Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

The antimicrobial resistance profile of extended-spectrumb -lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli has been continuously changed in recent years in Vietnam and wordwide. A number of studies recently found that the prevalences of ESBL-producing E. coli decreased in Vietnam from 2016 to 2017 compared with those in previous years. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial profile of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from clinical specimens in Binh Dan hospital and from healthy individuals at Ho Chi Minh City in 2018. The results showed that the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from healthy individuals in 2018 and 2017 were nearly equal. The prevalence increased from 14.9% in 2017 up to 19.1% in 2018. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from healthy individuals in Ho Chi Minh City was lower than that in other parts of Viet Nam. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from clinical pecimens in Binh Dan hospital (22.25%) was lower than those in some other hospitals but higher compared with it from healthy individuals (19.1%). All of the ESBL-producing isolates were multidrug resistant and high resistance to aminoglycoside or quinolone. Imipenem and fosfomycin have still be considered as the treatment of choice against ESBL- producer infections. High resistance rate of E. coli isolated from blood specimens to imipenem was found in the study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolates from Different Clinical Samples in Abeokuta, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
S. L. Owolabi ◽  
I. A. Azeez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

The alarming increase of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli has posed a great challenge in the public health sector. Thus, this microorganism is a leading cause of different human infections and it can be found in various environments. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the multiple antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from some hospitals in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Isolates of E. coli were obtained from different clinical samples and were re-identified morphologically and biochemically. E. coli was isolated from 30% out of a total of 70 clinical samples analyzed for isolation and identification. The isolation rate of E. coli was highest in urine samples 10(47.6%) when compared to other clinical samples. There was significant increase in the resistance rate of E. coli to tetracycline (14.3%), ceftazidime (14.2%), and ampicillin (14.2%).Also, an increased sensitivity rate to augmentin (71.4%), ofloxacin (66.7%), cefuroxime (66.7%), ciprofloxacin (61.9%) and ceftazidime (61.9%) were observed. Furthermore, the overall multiple drug resistance rates obtained was 14(66.7%) and it was established that, multiple antimicrobial resistance of the E. coli isolates was plasmid mediated. E. coli isolates exhibited high resistance rate to multiple antimicrobial agents, however, its sensitivity to augmentin, ofloxacin, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime showed that these antimicrobials are still effective against E. coli infections in the study area.

scholarly journals Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-ProducingEscherichia coliamong Uropathogens of Pediatrics in North of Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sadegh Rezai ◽  
Ebrahim Salehifar ◽  
Alireza Rafiei ◽  
Taimour Langaee ◽  
Mohammadreza Rafati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
North Of Iran

Escherichia coliremains as one of the most important bacteria causing infections in pediatrics and producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) making them resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. In this study we aimed to genotype ESBL-producingE. coliisolates from pediatric patients for ESBL genes and determine their association with antimicrobial resistance. One hundred of theE. coliisolates were initially considered ESBL producing based on their MIC results. These isolates were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence or absence ofCTX,TEM,SHV,GES, andVEBbeta-lactamase genes. About 30.5% of isolatedE. coliwas ESBL-producing strain. TheTEMgene was the most prevalent (49%) followed bySHV(44%),CTX(28%),VEB(8%), andGES(0%) genes. The ESBL-producingE. coliisolates were susceptible to carbapenems (66%) and amikacin (58%) and showed high resistance to cefixime (99%), colistin (82%), and ciprofloxacin (76%). In conclusion, carbapenems were the most effective antibiotics against ESBl-producingE. coliin urinary tract infection in North of Iran. The most prevalent gene is the TEM-type, but the other resistant genes and their antimicrobial resistance are on the rise.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of the Circular Bacteriocin AS-48 against Clinical Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Cristina Velázquez-Suárez ◽  
Rubén Cebrián ◽  
Carmen Gasca-Capote ◽  
Antonio Sorlózano-Puerto ◽  
José Gutiérrez-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Clinical Source

The treatment and hospital-spread-control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important challenge since these bacteria are involved in a considerable number of nosocomial infections that are difficult to treat and produce prolonged hospitalization, thus also increasing the risk of death. In fact, MRSA strains are frequently resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics, and co-resistances with other drugs such as macrolides, aminoglycosides, and lincosamides are usually reported, limiting the therapeutical options. To this must be added that the ability of these bacteria to form biofilms on hospital surfaces and devices confer high antibiotic resistance and favors horizontal gene transfer of genetic-resistant mobile elements, the spreading of infections, and relapses. Here, we genotypically and phenotypically characterized 100 clinically isolated S. aureus for their resistance to 18 antibiotics (33% of them were OXA resistant MRSA) and ability to form biofilms. From them, we selected 48 strains on the basis on genotype group, antimicrobial-resistance profile, and existing OXA resistance to be assayed against bacteriocin AS-48. The results showed that AS-48 was active against all strains, regardless of their clinical source, genotype, antimicrobial resistance profile, or biofilm formation capacity, and this activity was enhanced in the presence of the antimicrobial peptide lysozyme. Finally, we explored the effect of AS-48 on formed S. aureus biofilms, observing a reduction in S. aureus S-33 viability. Changes in the matrix structure of the biofilms as well as in the cell division process were observed with scanning electron microscopy in both S-33 and S-48 S. aureus strains.

scholarly journals Routine Intraoperative Bacterial Culture May Be Needed in Complicated Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Jung Tack Son ◽  
Gue Chun Lee ◽  
Hyung Ook Kim ◽  
Taewoon Kim ◽  
Donghyoun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rates

Purpose: Choosing the appropriate antibiotic is important for treatment of complicated appendicitis. However, increasing multidrug resistant bacteria have been a serious problem for successful treatment. This study was designed to identify bacteria isolated from patients with complicated appendicitis and reveal their susceptibilities for antibiotics and their relationship with patient clinical course.Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with complicated appendicitis and examined the bacterial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates. Data were retrospectively collected from medical records of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from January 2008 to February 2018.Results: The common bacterial species cultured in complicated appendicitis were as follows: <i>Escherichia coli</i> (n=113, 48.9%), <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (n=29, 12.6%), <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (n=23, 10.0%), <i>Bacteriodes</i> spp. (n=22, 9.5%), <i>Klebsiella</i> (n=11, 4.8%), and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. (n=8, 3.5%). In antibiotics susceptibility testing, the positive rate of extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was 9.1% (21 of 231). The resistance rate to carbapenem was 1.7% (4 of 231), while that to vancomycin was 0.4% (1 of 231). <i>E. coli</i> was 16.8% ESBL positive (19 of 113) and had 22.1% and 19.5% resistance rates to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, respectively. Inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment (IEAT) occurred in 55 cases (31.8%) and was significantly related with organ/space surgical site infection (SSI) (7 of 55, P=0.005).Conclusion: The rate of antibiotic resistance organisms was high in community-acquired complicated appendicitis in Koreans. Additionally, IEAT in complicated appendicitis may lead to increased rates of SSI. Routine intraoperative culture in patients with complicated appendicitis may be an effective strategy for appropriate antibiotic regimen.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Quinolone Resistance Genes in Staphylococcus aureus from Patients Attending Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
E. A. Sunday ◽  
Y. B. Ngwai ◽  
R. H. Abimiku ◽  
I. H. Nkene ◽  
Y. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Pcr Method

Aims: This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile and quinolone resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus from patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria. Methodology: A total of 240 clinical samples which comprised of high vaginal swabs, endocervical swabs, sputum, ear swabs, wound swabs, semen and eye swabs, were collected from the patients. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified from these samples using standard microbiological method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed and interpreted in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) method. Ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus were screened for quinolone resistance genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Results: Out of 240 clinical samples, the prevalence of S. aureus was 21.3%. The prevalence in relation to clinical samples was higher in eye swab (45.5%) and ear swab (44.4%), but lower in sputum (14.5%). The isolates were more resistant to oxacillin (88.2%), sulphamethoxazole/ trimethoprim (82.4%) and erythromycin (76.5%), but less resistant to ciprofloxacin (19.6%) and levofloxacin (5.9%). The most common resistance phenotypes in the isolates were sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT) - clindamycin (DA) – ofloxacin (OX) - erythromycin (E) - rifampicin (RD) and SXT-DA-OX-E- streptomycin (S) -RD with an occurrence of (13.7%) each. The percentage occurrences of multidrug resistant and extensive-drug resistant isolates were 92.2% and 7.8% respectively. The occurrences of quinolone resistance genes in the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were: aac(6′)-Ib-cr (60.0%), gyrA and gyrB (50.0%), parC (40.0%), qnrB (20.0%) and qnrS (10.0%). Conclusion: The isolates were less resistant to levofloxacin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin in the study location. Most of the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates harbored quinolone resistance genes with aac(6′)-Ib-cr as the most common.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolated from Urine of Patients in Selected General Hospitals in Abuja Municipal, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. O. Eghieye ◽  
S. M. Jodi ◽  
B. E. Bassey ◽  
I. H. Nkene ◽  
R. H. Abimiku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli from urine of patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs) in selected general hospitals in Abuja Municipal, Nigeria. Four Hundred and Thirty urine samples were collected between September 2017 and May 2018 from patients attending Asokoro General Hospital (AGH), Garki Hospital Abuja (GHA) and Wuse General Hospital (WGH); and E. coli was isolated and identified by culture, microscopy and biochemical tests. The overall occurrence of E. coli was 52 (12.1%). The occurrences in relation to the hospitals were of the order: GHA (14.7%) > WGH (12.6%) > AGH (9.0%). The highest (50%) occurrence was at age 41-50 years in WGH, and the lowest (4.3%) was at age 31-40 years in AGH. More females than males harboured the bacteria in all the hospitals. Isolates from AGH showed highest (100.0%) resistance to Sulphamethoxazole/Trimethoprim but least (0.0%) resistance to Ciprofloxacin. Isolates from GHA showed the highest resistance to Cefotaxime and Streptomycin (95.2%) but least (23.8%) to Gentamicin and Imipenem. Isolates from WGH showed highest (88.8%) resistance to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid but least (16.7%) to Sulphamethoxazole/Trimethoprim. The commonest antibiotic resistance phenotype in AGH was Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid-Streptomycin-Cefotaxime-Ceftazidime-Imipenem-Ampicillin (3.9%); in GHA was Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid-Streptomycin-Sulphamethoxazole/Trimethoprim-Cefotaxime-Ceftazidime-Ampicillin (7.7%); and in WGH was Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid-Streptomycin-Cefotaxime-Cefotaxime-Ceftazidime-Imipenem-Ampicillin (3.9%). All the isolates had MAR indices above 0.2; the most common index in AGH was 0.4 (at 30.8%), GHA was 0.7 (at 33.3%) and WGH was 0.7 (at 27.8%). The commonest class of antibiotic resistance was MDR with the order of occurrence as: GHA (92.2%) > WGH (77.7%) > AGH (76.6%). Ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics in the study location. However, MAR indices in this study have shown that the isolates originated from an environment where antibiotics are freely available and misused/abused. Hence, there is a need for greater monitoring of antibiotic supplies and use.

scholarly journals Prevalences of Antibiotic-Resistant and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Urine Cultures from Inpatients with Spinal Cord Injuries and Disorders: An 8-Year, Single-Center Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Šámal ◽  
Vít Paldus ◽  
Daniela Fáčková ◽  
Jan Mečl ◽  
Jaroslav Šrám
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Patients, especially inpatients, with spinal cord lesions and disorders (SCI/D) have an elevated risk of recurrent urinary tract infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study evaluated antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of multidrug resistance and determined the risk factors for multidrug resistance. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, urine culture results were used to calculate the antimicrobial resistance rate and the incidence of infection with MDR bacteria in the SCI/D population. MDR was defined as acquired nonsusceptibility to at least one agent from three or more antimicrobial categories. The cohort included 402 inpatients from 2013 to 2020, with 1385 urine isolates. We included only the first isolate, and duplicate isolates, defined as positive cultures of the same strain within 14 days, were excluded from the evaluation. Results The most common MDR strains were Klebsiella spp. (29%) and Escherichia coli (24%). MDR isolates were detected in 50% of the samples and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates in 26%, while carbapenem resistance was found in 0.1%. Significantly higher rates of infection with MDR bacteria were identified in the groups of patients with indwelling urethral/suprapubic catheters (p=0.003) and severity score C1-C4/AIS A-C (p=0.01). We identified age (OR: 0.99, 95% CI; 0.98-0.99, p=0.000), male sex (OR: 1.55, 95% CI; 1.16-2.06, p=0.003), management with urethral/suprapubic catheters (OR: 2.76, 95% CI; 2.04-3.74, p=0.000), and spontaneous voiding (OR: 1.84, 95% CI; 1.03-3.29, p=0.038) as independent predictors of multidrug resistance in our study population. Conclusions We identified a high antibiotic resistance rate and an increasing prevalence of infection with MDR bacteria in the SCI/D inpatient population. Particular attention should be given to bladder management, with an emphasis on minimizing the use of indwelling catheters.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile of microbial pathogens isolated from hospitals of Colatina-ES in the period of 2008-2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Deuvânia Cabral Azevedo ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Dias-Souza ◽  
Andrea De Souza Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Santa Maria

A resistência bacteriana é um mecanismo usado pelas bactérias para interferir na ação dos antibióticos e vem crescendo consideravelmente, se tornando um grande problema de saúde pública. O presente estudo avaliou o perfil de resistência de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli e a suscetibilidade das mesmas à alguns antimicrobianos. Para isso realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa utilizando os resultados de antibiogramas constantes nos livros de registro microbiologia do laboratório LAC - Santa Maria, situado em Colatina - ES. As amostras foram coletadas rotineiramente de pacientes internados em dois hospitais (Santa Maria e São José) e examinados pelo laboratório. No livro de registro obteve-se um total de 446 isolados microbianos identificados, dos quais 277 cepas foram identificadas como: S. aureus (36,5%), P. aeruginosa (32,5%) e E. coli (31%), os 169 restantes englobam os outros micro-organismos. Quanto ao perfil de resistência e sensibilidade, as cepas de P. aeruginosa foram mais sensíveis ao antibiótico sulbactam, E. Coli à ampicilina e ácido nalidíxico, e Staphylococcus à amicacina e ceftriaxone. Relaciona-se o maior isolamento de Stapylococcus, P. aeruginosa e E. coli provavelmente por serem micro-organismos encontrados colonizando ambientes hospitalares e a comunidade com grande potencial de disseminação. Quanto ao perfil de resistência se torna útil na seleção de drogas especificas para determinados micro-organismo. Palavras-chave: Resistência. Antibióticos. Micro-organismos.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile and antibacterial activity of ginger and garlic extract on diary isolated E. coli And Salmonella typhii

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Adeoti Olatunde Micheal ◽  
Adekunle Olabisi Kaosarat ◽  
Olaoye Opeyemi Joy ◽  
Adeoye Adenike Kafilat ◽  
Adesina Ademola David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus spp. in Houseflies and Blowflies from Farms and Their Environmental Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Poudel ◽  
Terri Hathcock ◽  
Patrick Butaye ◽  
Yuan Kang ◽  
Stuart Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is rising globally at an alarming rate. While multiple active surveillance programs have been established to monitor the antimicrobial resistance, studies on the environmental link to antimicrobial spread are lacking. Methods: A total of 493 flies were trapped from a dairy unit, a dog kennel, a poultry farm, a beef cattle unit, an urban trash facility and an urban downtown area to isolate Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus spp. for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization. Results: E. coli, K. pneumoniae and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were recovered from 43.9%, 15.5% and 66.2% of the houseflies, and 26.0%, 19.2%, 37.0% of the blowflies, respectively. In total, 35.3% of flies were found to harbor antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and 9.0% contained multidrug-resistant isolates. Three Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered from blowflies while three extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-carrying E. coli and one ESBL-carrying K. pneumoniae were isolated from houseflies. Whole genome sequencing identified the antimicrobial resistance genes blaCMY-2 and blaCTXM-1 as ESBLs. Conclusion: Taken together, our data indicate that flies can be used as indicators for environmental contamination of antimicrobial resistance. More extensive studies are warranted to explore the sentinel role of flies for antimicrobial resistance.

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