scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of the Thymus and Spleen and the Subpopulation Composition of Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood during Systemic Inflammatory Response in Male Rats with Different Resistance to Hypoxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzhuliia Sh. Dzhalilova ◽  
Anna M. Kosyreva ◽  
Mikhail E. Diatroptov ◽  
Natalia A. Zolotova ◽  
Ivan S. Tsvetkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Functional Changes

On the model of the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS), induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the morphological and functional changes in the thymus and spleen and the subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats differing in resistance to hypoxia were studied. It was demonstrated that the level of endotoxin in blood serum after 3 hours of LPS administration in susceptible-to-hypoxia rats was 64 times higher than in the control group, while in tolerant-to-hypoxia animals it was only 8 times higher in 6 hours. After 24 hours of LPS injection, only in susceptible-to-hypoxia rats did the level of C-reactive protein in blood serum increase. There is a difference in the dynamics of morphological changes of lymphoid organs after LPS injection in tolerant- and susceptible-to-hypoxia animals. After 3 hours of LPS administration, the tolerant-to-hypoxia rats showed no changes in the thymus, spleen, and subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. After 6 hours there was only a decrease in B-lymphocytes and increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cells. After 1 day of LPS injection, the tolerant-to-hypoxia rats had devastation in PALS of the spleen. After 3 hours of LPS injection the susceptible-to-hypoxia animals had reactive changes in the lymphoid organs: decrease of the thymus cortex, narrowing of the marginal zones of spleen lymphoid follicles, widening of their germinal centers, and a decrease in the absolute number of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, NK cells, and B-lymphocytes. After 24 hours of LPS injection the tolerant-to-hypoxia animals had a greater absolute number of T-lymphocytes and NK cells in comparison with the susceptible rats. Thus, in animals with different resistance to hypoxia the LPS-induced SIRS is characterized by different dynamics of morphological and functional changes of the thymus and spleen. The obtained data will serve as a basis for the development of new individual approaches to the prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Impact of total splenectomy on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in patients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfu Lv ◽  
Hongfei Wu ◽  
Wan Yee Lau ◽  
Jinfang Zheng ◽  
Jincai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Splenectomy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo study the impact of total splenectomy (TS) on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in patients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH). We studied 102 consecutive patients who received TS from January 2008 to January 2020 due to CPH-related hypersplenism. A similar number of healthy individuals are used as healthy controls (HC). The total lymphocyte counts and their percentages of B lymphocytes, total T lymphocytes (cluster of differentiation (CD)3+) and their subsets (CD4+, CD8+), and natural killer (NK) cells in preoperative peripheral blood samples in hypersplenism patients were significantly lower than that of the HCs (both P < 0.05). The total lymphocyte counts and percentages of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were significantly increased 1 week and 1 month after TS when compared with the pre-TS values (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentages of NK cells before or after surgery (P > 0.05). However, the percentages of CD3+ cells was significantly higher 1 month after than before surgery (P < 0.001). The percentages of CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05), but they were significantly higher 1 month after surgery (P < 0.01). The CD4+:CD8+ ratio was not significantly different from those before surgery, and 1 week or 1 month after surgery (P > 0.05). Patients with hypersplenism associated with CPH were significantly immunosuppressed preoperatively. After TS, the total lymphocyte count and percentages of B lymphocytes, and total T lymphocytes and their subsets increased significantly, resulting in improved immune functions.

scholarly journals Impact of Total Splenectomy on Peripheral Lymphocytes and Their Subsets in Patients with Hypersplenism Associated with Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfu Lv ◽  
Hongfei Wu ◽  
Wan Yee Lau ◽  
Jinfang Zheng ◽  
Jincai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Splenectomy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective To study the impact of total splenectomy (TS) on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in patients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH). Methods Consecutive patients who underwent TS for hypersplenism associated with CPH from January 2008 to January 2020 were studied. A group of a similar number of healthy individuals was used as healthy controls (HCs). Results The total lymphocyte counts and their percentages of B lymphocytes, total T lymphocytes (cluster of differentiation (CD)3+) and their subsets (CD4+, CD8+), and natural killer (NK) cells in preoperative peripheral blood samples in hypersplenism patients were significantly lower than that of the HCs (both P < 0.05). The total lymphocyte counts and percentages of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were significantly increased 1 week and 1 month after TS when compared with the pre-TS values (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentages of NK cells before or after surgery (P > 0.05). However, the percentages of CD3+ cells was significantly higher 1 month after than before surgery (P < 0.001). The percentages of CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05), but they were significantly higher 1 month after surgery (P < 0.01). The CD4+:CD8+ ratio was not significantly different from those before surgery, and 1 week or 1 month after surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusions Patients with hypersplenism associated with CPH were significantly immunosuppressed preoperatively. After TS, the total lymphocyte count and percentages of B lymphocytes, and total T lymphocytes and their subsets increased significantly, resulting in improved immune functions.

scholarly journals Immune Profile of the Normal Maternal-Fetal Interface in Rhesus Macaques and Its Alteration Following Zika Virus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda J. Moström ◽  
Elizabeth A. Scheef ◽  
Lesli M. Sprehe ◽  
Dawn Szeltner ◽  
Dollnovan Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Maternal Fetal Interface

The maternal decidua is an immunologically complex environment that balances maintenance of immune tolerance to fetal paternal antigens with protection of the fetus against vertical transmission of maternal pathogens. To better understand host immune determinants of congenital infection at the maternal-fetal tissue interface, we performed a comparative analysis of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood and decidua of healthy rhesus macaque pregnancies across all trimesters of gestation and determined changes after Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Using one 28-color and one 18-color polychromatic flow cytometry panel we simultaneously analyzed the frequency, phenotype, activation status and trafficking properties of αβ T, γδ T, iNKT, regulatory T (Treg), NK cells, B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DC). Decidual leukocytes showed a striking enrichment of activated effector memory and tissue-resident memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD4+ Tregs, CD56+ NK cells, CD14+CD16+ monocytes, CD206+ tissue-resident macrophages, and a paucity of B lymphocytes when compared to peripheral blood. t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) revealed unique populations of decidual NK, T, DC and monocyte/macrophage subsets. Principal component analysis showed distinct spatial localization of decidual and circulating leukocytes contributed by NK and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and separation of decidua based on gestational age contributed by memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Decidua from 10 ZIKV-infected dams obtained 16-56 days post infection at third (n=9) or second (n=1) trimester showed a significant reduction in frequency of activated, CXCR3+, and/or Granzyme B+ memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and γδ T compared to normal decidua. These data suggest that ZIKV induces local immunosuppression with reduced immune recruitment and impaired cytotoxicity. Our study adds to the immune characterization of the maternal-fetal interface in a translational nonhuman primate model of congenital infection and provides novel insight in to putative mechanisms of vertical transmission.

T and B Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Fleisher ◽  
John R. Luckasen ◽  
Andrej Sabad ◽  
Richard C. Gehrtz ◽  
John H. Kersey
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulations ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Absolute

T and B lymphocyte subpopulations were examined in the peripheral blood of children using the E and EAC rosette assays. Children under 18 months of age were found to have a decreased percentage of E-binding (T) lymphocytes and an increased percentage of EAC-binding (B) lymphocytes compared to older children (18 months to 10 years) and adults. The absolute number of E-binding and EAC-binding lymphocytes was increased in children under 18 months of age.

Specific features of T- and NK-cellular immunity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Vladimirovich Pochtar ◽  
S. A. Lugovskaya ◽  
E. V. Naumova ◽  
E. A. Dmitrieva ◽  
A. I. Kostin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helpers

Profound immunological dysfunction is the key factor determining the development of infectious complications in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this work is to assess the features of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (T-helpers (Th), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (Tcyt), T regulatory cells (Treg), T-NK cells, naive Th, Th-memory, activated T-lymphocytes, TCRγδ cells) and NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and receiving ibrutinib therapy. Hematological and immunophenotypic studies have been performed in 30 patients with previously untreated CLL, 122 patients on ibrutinib therapy and 20 healthy donors. The subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (Th, Tcyt, Treg, T-NK, naive T-helpers, memory T-helpers, TCRγδ cells, activated T-lymphocytes) and NK cells has been assessed on flow cytometer (FACSCanto II (BD)) using the following panel of monoclonal antibodies: CD45, CD19, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, TCRγδ, CD127, CD16, CD56, CD57 CD45RA, CD45R0, HLA-DR, CD25. Compared to controls all CLL samples were found to have higher the absolute number of T-lymphocytes, NK cells and their subpopulations, T-helpers (especially of memory T-cells), cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells, TCRγδ T-cells, activated T-lymphocytes, increased cytotoxic potential of NK cells in previously untreated CLL patients. Patients who received ibrutinib therapy have registered a positive trend towards recovery of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes and NK-cells. CLL patients have been found to have quantitative and functional changes in the subpopulations of T-lymphocytes and NK cells, indicating dysregulation of the immune response, and a high risk of developing infections. Monitoring of immunological parameters for ibrutinib therapy make possible to estimate impact of ibrutinib on the adaptive anti-CLL immune response.

N-linked oligosaccharides can protect target cells from the lysis mediated by NK cells but not by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: role of NKG2-A

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-A. Sol ◽  
N. Vacaresse ◽  
J. Lule ◽  
C. Davrinche ◽  
B. Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Target Cells

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium (Geranium macrorrhizum L.) extract

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jurkštienė ◽  
Anatolijus Kondrotas ◽  
Egidijus Kėvelaitis
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cell Counts

The aim of the study was to investigate the immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium. Material and methods. Possible nonspecific characteristics of bigroot geranium were evaluated by the total leukocyte count in the peripheral blood, and qualitative changes of blood were assessed using Shilling’s formula by evaluating changes in lymphocyte counts. In addition, we also studied changes in the counts of Tcell precursors in the thymus and B lymphocytes in the spleen. Ethanol extract of the leaves of bigroot geranium was produced at the Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology. Studies were performed on mice Bl 57 (n=21). The control group (n=7) received distilled water at a dose of 1 mL/day. The second and third groups received 1% and 10% extract of bigroot geranium, respectively, as a food supplement. Changes in cell counts were investigated after 4 weeks following the initiation of the trial. Results. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium (1 mL/day) (mice group, n=7), leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased to 6.1×109 cells/L, and lymphocyte count – to 70%, but changes were not statistically significant. The other case group of mice (n=7) received 10% extract of bigroot geranium for 4 weeks at a dose of 1 mL/day. In this group, leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased statistically significantly from 4.4×109 cells/L to 7.2×109 cells/L (p<0.01), and lymphocyte percentage – from 52% to 80% (p<0.001), as compared to control. Thymocyte (T lymphocytes) counts in thymus and splenocyte (B lymphocytes) counts in the spleen showed a tendency to increase after the administration of 1% and 10% extracts. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte and splenocyte counts increased from 0.342×106 cells to 0.372×106 cells per mg of tissue and from 0.395×106 cells to 0.405×106 cells per mg of tissue, respectively, as compared to control group (p>0.1). After the administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte count increased to 0.488×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01), and splenocyte count – to 0.504×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01). Conclusion. The extracts of the leaves of bigroot geranium increased leukocyte count and lymphocyte percentage in the peripheral blood, and after a 4-week administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, a statistically significant increase in the counts of T lymphocytes (in the thymus) and B lymphocytes (in the spleen) was observed. The immunostimulatory effect depends on the dose of the extract.

scholarly journals Cord blood T lymphocytes lack constitutive perforin expression in contrast to adult peripheral blood T lymphocytes

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1540-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Berthou ◽  
S Legros-Maida ◽  
A Soulie ◽  
A Wargnier ◽  
J Guillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Cytolytic Activity ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Perforin Expression ◽  
Adult Peripheral Blood

Perforin is the cytolytic pore-forming protein, which alone can be responsible for the lethal hit in one of the killing mechanisms used by natural killer (NK) cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this study, perforin expression was investigated in cord blood (CB) lymphocytes to determine their killing potential in vivo. The majority of CB CD3- NK cells had the protein. Compared with adult perforin-positive NK cells, a significantly lower percentage of cells expressing CD56 and CD57, the related neural cell adhesion molecules, was found (P = .0001). Perforin was also present in a unique immature CB NK-cell subset, characterized by cytoplasmic CD3 antigen (Ag) expression. In CB, very few CD8 perforin-positive T lymphocytes could be detected, but they were in significant numbers in adult peripheral blood (P = .02). A substantial proportion of these cells (70% +/- 23%) lacked the CD28 T-cell coactivation Ag, and they were able to exert NK-like, major histocompatibility complex nonrestricted cytolytic activity. CD4+ and gamma delta-T cells expressing perforin were absent from CB, but low numbers of such cells were detected in adult peripheral blood (P = .0001). Therefore, the spontaneous cytolytic activity of CB lymphocytes appeared to be dependent on well-represented perforin-positive NK cells, which were shown to efficiently lyse NK-sensitive target cells.

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