scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density, TBS, and Body Composition Indexes in Ukrainian Men with Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Povoroznyuk ◽  
Maryna Bystrytska ◽  
Nataliia Grygorieva ◽  
Iryna Karaban ◽  
Nina Karasevich
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body

Introduction. Current research studies demonstrate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, data about bone quality and body composition (BC) indexes are insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the parameters of BMD, ВС, and trabecular bone score (TBS) in PD males. Materials and Methods. We performed a cross-sectional case-control research design and examined 76 males aged 50–77 years old, who were divided into two groups: first group including men without PD n=38 and the second group including subjects with PD n=38. Disease duration was at least 5 years; all PD participants were at levodopa therapy. BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total femur, radius, and total body and TBS Ll−L4 were measured using the DXA method. Whole-body DXA measures were also used for the study of total, lean, and fat masses, skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and fat mass index (FMI). Results. Our study showed an increased incidence of osteoporosis and significantly lower total body BMD (respectively, 1.20 ± 0.13 and 1.26 ± 0.10 g/cm2, p=0.05), but not lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs, and higher TBS value in PD men comparing to the control group (respectively, 1.33 ± 0.12 and 1.22 ± 0.18 un., p=0.005). Also, we established significantly decreased lower extremities BMD indexes, but not upper extremities, spine, and trunk BMDs in PD males. The femoral neck, proximal femur, and lower extremities BMD indexes in PD men were reliably lower at the side of predominance of clinical symptoms. Parameters of appendicular lean mass and ALMI in PD males were reliably higher, but fat mass values and FMI were lower compared to the control group in the absence of significant differences in lean mass values and SMI in weight-matched control. Conclusion. Due to low BMD values, changes in BC are present in PD males, and appropriate screening and preventive strategies should be instigated to maintain bone health in PD subjects.

Bicalutamide Monotherapy Versus Leuprolide Monotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Effects on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 2546-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Smith ◽  
Melissa Goode ◽  
Anthony L. Zietman ◽  
Francis J. McGovern ◽  
Hang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Mineral Density

Purpose Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists decrease bone mineral density, lean mass, and muscle size and increase fat mass in men with prostate cancer. Less is known about the effects of bicalutamide monotherapy on bone mineral density and body composition. Patients and Methods In a 12-month, open-label study, we randomly assigned 52 men with prostate cancer and no bone metastases to receive either leuprolide or bicalutamide (150 mg by mouth daily). Bone mineral density and body composition were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and quantitative computed tomography. Results Mean (± standard error) bone mineral density of the posterior-anterior lumbar spine decreased by 2.5% ± 0.5% in the leuprolide group and increased by 2.5 ± 0.5 in the bicalutamide group from baseline to 12 months (P < .001). Mean changes in bone mineral density of the total body, total hip, femoral neck, and trabecular bone of the lumbar spine also differed significantly between groups (P ≤ .003 for each comparison). Fat mass increased by 11.1% ± 1.3% in the leuprolide group and by 6.4% ± 1.1% in the bicalutamide group (P = .01). Changes in lean mass, muscle size, and muscle strength were similar between the groups. Breast tenderness and enlargement were more common in the bicalutamide group than in the leuprolide group. Fatigue, loss of sexual interest, and vasomotor flushing were less common in the bicalutamide group than in the leuprolide group. Conclusion In men with prostate cancer, bicalutamide monotherapy increases bone mineral density, lessens fat accumulation, and has fewer bothersome side effects than treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Musculoskeletal profile of amateur combat athletes: body composition, muscular strength and striking power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Del Vecchio ◽  
Nattai Borges ◽  
Campbell MacGregor ◽  
Jarrod D. Meerkin ◽  
Mike Climstein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Physiological Tests

Background: Previous research highlighted positive musculoskeletal adaptations resulting from mechanical forces and loadings distinctive to impacts and movements with sports participation. However, little is known about these adaptations in combat athletes. The aim of this study was to quantify bone mineral density, lean muscle mass and punching and kicking power in amateur male combat athletes. Methods: Thirteen male combat athletes (lightweight and middleweight) volunteered all physiological tests including dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for bone mineral density (BMD) segmental body composition (lean muscle mass, LMM), muscle strength and striking power, sedentary controls (n = 15) were used for selected DXA outcome variables. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between combat groups for lumbar spine (+5.0%), dominant arm (+4.4%) BMD, and dominant and non-dominant leg LMM (+21.8% and +22.6%). Controls had significantly (p < 0.05) high adiposity (+36.8% relative), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass (+69.7%), VAT area (+69.5%), lower total body BMD (−8.4%) and lumbar spine BMD (−13.8%) than controls. No differences in lower limb BMD were seen in combat groups. Arm lean mass differences (dominant versus non-dominant) were significantly different between combat groups (p < 0.05, 4.2% versus 7.3%). There were no differences in punch/kick power (absolute or relative) between combat groups. 5RM strength (bench and squat) correlated significantly with upper limb striking power (r = 0.57), dominant and non-dominant leg BMD (r = 0.67, r = 0.70, respectively) and total body BMD (r = 0.59). Conclusion: BMD and LMM appear to be particularly important to discriminate between dominant and non-dominant upper limbs and less so for lower limb dominance in recreational combat athletes.

scholarly journals Adipocytokine and ghrelin levels in relation to bone mineral density in physically active older women: longitudinal associations

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaak Jürimäe ◽  
Tatjana Kums ◽  
Toivo Jürimäe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Independent Variables

PurposeWe investigated the relationship between the decrease in bone mineral mass (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) values with baseline adipocytokine and ghrelin concentrations in physically active postmenopausal women.MethodsLeptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, BMC, BMD and different body composition values were measured in 35 women (age: 69.7±6.0 years) before and after a 12-month prospective study period.ResultsSignificant (P<0.05) decreases in fat-free mass (FFM) (by 2.56%) and BMC (by 1.63%) and increases in adiponectin (by 14.8%) were seen in older females as a result of the study period. The independent variables that were associated with decreases in total BMC were baseline fat mass (FM) and adiponectin explaining 30.6% (R2×100) of the total variance. In another model, baseline FFM and leptin were the independent variables that explained 20.6% (P<0.05) of the total variance in the decreases in total BMD value. The variables that were associated with decreases in femoral neck BMD were FM and leptin (R2=0.102;P<0.05), while the independent variables were baseline trunk fat:leg fat ratio and adiponectin in the model with decreases in lumbar spine BMD as the dependent variable, and accounted for 13.1% (P<0.05) of the decreases in BMD variance.ConclusionsInitial adiponectin concentration together with specific body composition characteristics predicted loss in BMC and lumbar spine BMD values, while initial leptin concentration together with specific body composition parameters determined the loss in total and femoral neck BMD values in physically active older women.

scholarly journals Reduction in femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density following hospitalisation for diabetes-related foot ulceration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel M. Nejatian ◽  
Salar Sobhi ◽  
Blake N. Sanchez ◽  
Kathryn Linn ◽  
Laurens Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Foot Ulceration ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Bmd

AbstractManagement of diabetes-related foot ulceration (DFU) includes pressure offloading resulting in a period of reduced activity. The metabolic effects of this are unknown. This study aims to investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. A longitudinal, prospective, observational study of 22 people hospitalised for DFU was conducted. Total body, lumbar spine, hip and forearm BMD, and total lean and fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during and 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Significant losses in total hip BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 1.7%, p < 0.001), total hip BMD of the contralateral limb (− 1.4%, p = 0.005), femoral neck BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 2.8%, p < 0.001) and femoral neck BMD of the contralateral limb (− 2.2%, p = 0.008) were observed after 12 weeks. Lumbar spine and forearm BMD were unchanged. HbA1c improved from 75 mmol/mol (9.2%) to 64 mmol/mol (8.0%) (p = 0.002). No significant changes to lean and fat mass were demonstrated. Total hip and femoral neck BMD decreased bilaterally 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Future research is required to confirm the persistence and clinical implications of these losses.

scholarly journals POS0519 BONE MINERAL DENSITY, LEAN AND FAT MASS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 493.2-493
Author(s):  
N. Toroptsova ◽  
O. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
A. Feklistov ◽  
O. Nikitinskaya ◽  
A. Efremova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
The Relationship

Background:The relationship between lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM) and bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial. Some population studies have emphasized the positive association between them, while others have found an inverse relationship. RA patients are characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat mass. Such changes in body composition may be associated with low BMD.Objectives:To study the relationship between BMD, LM and FM in postmenopausal women with RA.Methods:68 postmenopausal women with RA (median age 59 [54; 63] years) were included in the study. BMD and body composition were evaluated using two-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Correlation analysis between body composition parameters and BMD was performed with the Spearman method, correlation coefficients R for p<0.05 are presented.Results:The average L1-L4 BMD was 0,92±0,16 g/cm2, total hip BMD - 0,84±0,15 g/cm2 and femoral neck - 0,73±0,13 g/cm2. 33 (48.5%) women had osteopenia, and 17 (25.0%) - osteoporosis (OP). Low appendicular LM was found in 5 (7.4%) and low appendicular muscle index (appendicular LM/height2, AMI) – in 10 (14.7%) patients. Overfat was revealed in 47 (69.1%) women, but only 20 (29.4%) women had BMI corresponding to obesity. The positive correlations between BMD in L1-L4, total hip and femoral neck regions and body weight (R=0.46, R=0.56 and R=0.50, respectively), trunk fat (R=0.4, R=0.51 and R=0.37, respectively), total FM (R=0.27, R=0.43 and R=0.34, respectively), trunk LM (R=0.55, R=0.54 and R=0.51, respectively), total LM (R=0.51, R=0.50 and R=0.52, respectively), appendicular LM (R=0.31, R=0.29 and R=0.37, respectively) and AMI (R=0.26, R=0.33 and R=0.51, respectively) were found out. In the multivariate linear regression analysis total LM was associated with BMD of lumbar spine (β=0.638, p=0.001) and total hip (β=0.473, p=0.008), and AMI - with femoral neck BMD (β=0.360; p=0.014). We found that FM hadn’t a significant effect on BMD in any region.Conclusion:73.5% of patients with RA had a reduced BMD, and 14.7% women – low AMI. LM was positively associated with BMDs in different regions of interest, but FM had no effect on BMD. Further researches are needed to identify associations between body composition, inflammatory activity and bone health in patients with RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Heart Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrius A. Abshire ◽  
Debra K. Moser ◽  
Jody L. Clasey ◽  
Misook L. Chung ◽  
Susan J. Pressler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Bone

The purpose of this study was to examine associations among bone mineral density, osteopenia/osteoporosis, body mass index (BMI), and body composition in patients with heart failure (HF). A total of 119 patients (age = 61 ± 12 years, 65% male) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans to determine bone mineral density and body composition. In multivariable linear regressions, BMI, relative skeletal muscle index (RSMI), and mineral-free lean mass were positively associated with total body bone mineral density. Mineral-free lean mass was most strongly associated with bone mineral density (β = .398). In multivariable logistic regressions, higher BMI, RSMI, and mineral-free lean mass were associated with lower odds for osteopenia/osteoporosis. Fat mass was not associated with total body bone mineral density or osteopenia/osteoporosis. These results suggest that muscle mass may be the important component of body mass associated with bone mineral density in patients with HF.

scholarly journals Body composition and bone mineral density of collegiate American football players

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Hüsrev Turnagöl
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Segmental Body Composition

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare whole and segmental body composition and bone mineral density of collegiate American football players by playing positions. Forty collegiate American football players voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were categorized by playing positions into one of five categories i.e., defensive linemen, offensive linemen, defensive secondary players, offensive secondary players and receivers. Whole body composition and bone mineral density were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Offensive and defensive linemen had higher body mass, a body mass index, lean mass and a fat mass index compared to the remaining three positions and a higher lean mass index compared to offensive secondary players and receivers. Offensive linemen had a higher body fat percentage and lower values of upper to lower lean mass than offensive and defensive secondary players and receivers, and higher total mass to the lean mass ratio and fat mass to the lean mass ratio compared to the other players. Offensive linemen had a higher fat mass index and fat mass to the lean mass ratio than defensive linemen. However, in all other measures they were similar. Offensive and defensive secondary players and receivers were similar with respect to the measured variables. Bone mineral density of the players was within the normal range and no difference in lean mass was observed between the legs. In conclusion, findings of this study showed that the total and segmental body composition profile of collegiate American football players reflected the demands of particular playing positions.

scholarly journals Association between Bone Mineral Density and Fat Mass Independent of Lean Mass and Physical Activity in Women Aged 75 or Older

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1994
Author(s):  
Marie Mathieu ◽  
Pascale Guillot ◽  
Typhaine Riaudel ◽  
Anne-Sophie Boureau ◽  
Guillaume Chapelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Relationship

(1) Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are frequent pathologies among the geriatric population. The interlink between these two diseases is supported by their common pathophysiology. The aim is to explore the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in women aged 75 or older. (2) From January 2016 to December 2019, women aged 75 or older of Caucasian ethnicity, who were addressed to perform a biphoton absorptiometry (DXA), were included in this observational study. Femoral neck T-score, lean mass, fat mass, and physical performances were measured. (3) The mean age of 101 patients included was 84.8 (±4.9) years old. Osteoporosis was present in 72% of patients. According to EWGSOP criteria, 37% of patients were sarcopenic. Osteosarcopenia was present in 34% of patients. The femoral neck T-score was significantly associated with fat mass (β = 0.02, 95% CI (0.01; 0.03), p < 0.05) in multivariable analysis. Osteosarcopenic patients had significantly lower fat mass (16.2 kg (±6.8) vs. 23.1 kg (±10.8), p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (20.7 kg/m2 (±2.8) vs. 26.7 kg/m2 (±5.6), p < 0.001). (4) In postmenopausal women, fat mass is estimated to provide hormonal protection. While osteosarcopenia is described as a lipotoxic disease, fat mass and BMI would appear to protect against the risk of osteosarcopenia. This raises questions about the relevance of BMI and DXA.

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density in Adults With Cerebral Palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hee Won ◽  
Se Hee Jung
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Total Fat

Low bone mineral density (BMD) is an emerging health issue in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the characteristics of BMD in adults with CP, and to elucidate the risk factors for low BMD in this population. People aged ≥20 years and diagnosed with CP were recruited from February 2014 to November 2014. We assessed BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur. Moreover, the body composition was assessed using DXA. We included a total of 87 adults with CP (mean age 42.01 years; 52 men). The prevalence of low BMD was 25.3%. Male sex and age were associated with lower BMD. BMD was significantly lower in the non-ambulatory group than that in the ambulatory group for both lumbar spine and femoral neck. The total fat mass demonstrated a positive correlation with the Z-score and BMD for the femur neck and total femur. Body mass index (BMI) and total fat mass were positively correlated with BMD in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur. However, the Gross Motor Function Classification Scale levels were negatively correlated with BMD at the aforementioned three sites. In conclusion, adults with CP revealed decreased BMD, which was associated with male sex, age, decreased gross motor function, loss of ambulatory function, low BMI, decreased total fat mass, and decreased total fat-free mass.

scholarly journals Effect of L-000845704, an αVβ3 Integrin Antagonist, on Markers of Bone Turnover and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 2022-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Murphy ◽  
K. Cerchio ◽  
S. A. Stoch ◽  
K. Gottesdiener ◽  
M. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Αvβ3 Integrin ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Total Body

Abstract The αVβ3 integrin (vitronectin receptor) plays a pivotal role in bone resorption. We hypothesized that L-000845704, an αVβ3 integrin antagonist, would potently inhibit bone resorption, thereby increasing bone mass as assessed by bone mineral density (BMD) in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-month study, 227 women (average 63 yr) with low lumbar spine or femoral neck BMD were randomly assigned to receive 100 or 400 mg L-000845704 once daily (qd), 200 mg L-000845704 twice daily (bid), or placebo. L-000845704 increased lumbar spine BMD (2.1, 3.1, and 3.5% for the 100-mg-qd, 400-mg-qd, and 200-mg-bid treatment groups, respectively, vs. −0.1% for placebo; P &lt; 0.01 all treatments vs. placebo). Only 200 mg L-000845704 bid significantly increased BMD at the hip (1.7 vs. 0.3% for placebo; P &lt; 0.03) and femoral neck (2.4 vs. 0.7% for placebo; P &lt; 0.05). No L-000845704 group increased total body BMD. All doses of L-000845704 resulted in a similar approximately 42% decrease from baseline of N-telopeptide cross-links (P &lt; 0.001 vs. placebo). L-000845704 was generally well tolerated; adverse events resulting in discontinuation from the study were relatively infrequent. In conclusion, the antiresorptive effect of the αVβ3 integrin antagonist L-000845704 translated into significant increases in lumbar spine BMD. Furthermore, 200 mg L-000845704 bid provided efficacy at the hip sites. These data suggest that the αVβ3 integrin antagonist L-000845704 could be developed as an effective therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.

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