scholarly journals Antiphotoaging and Antimelanogenic Effects of Penthorum chinense Pursh Ethanol Extract due to Antioxidant- and Autophagy-Inducing Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok Jeong ◽  
Jongsung Lee ◽  
Sang Hee Park ◽  
You Ah Kim ◽  
Byoung Jun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Penthorum Chinense Pursh ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Penthorum Chinense ◽  
Melanin Contents

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Penthorum chinense Pursh (Penthoraceae) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used in China for the treatment of jaundice, cholecystitis, edema, and infectious hepatitis. In addition, the Korea Medicinal Plant Dictionary states that Penthorum chinense Pursh can be used to treat contusions and skin bruises by improving blood flow. Recent studies have shown that Penthorum chinense Pursh ethanol extract (Pc-EE) exhibits strong antioxidant effects. In this study, we examined the effects of Pc-EE on UVB-induced or H2O2-induced oxidative stress, as well as its antimelanogenic properties. Cell viability, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, cyclooxygenease-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and moisturizing factors were investigated in keratinocytes. Collagen synthesis induction was measured in HEK293T cells. For melanogenesis, the effects of Pc-EE on melanin content and tyrosinase activity were measured. Additionally, the antimelanogenic- and autophagy-inducing activities of Pc-EE were examined using immunoblotting and confocal microscopy. Pc-EE protected HaCaT cells against death from UVB irradiation- or H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Pc-EE increased the promoter activity of the type 1 procollagen gene Col1A1 and decreased the expression of MMPs, COX-2, IL-6, and hyaluronidase induced by UVB irradiation- or H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Pc-EE showed a strong antioxidant effect in the DPPH assay. In α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone- (α-MSH-) stimulated B16F10 cells, Pc-EE reduced melanin production, decreased tyrosinase expression and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) protein levels, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK. In HEK293T cells, Pc-EE promoted the expression of GFP-LC3B. In B16F10 cells, the LC3B and melanin contents were reduced by Pc-EE and were restored by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). These results suggest that Pc-EE can be used as a skin protection agent due to its antiapoptotic, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and antimelanogenic properties.

scholarly journals Sargassum fulvellumProtects HaCaT Cells and BALB/c Mice from UVB-Induced Proinflammatory Responses

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Lee ◽  
Gyu Hwan Park ◽  
Eun Mi Ahn ◽  
Chan-Ik Park ◽  
Jung-Hee Jang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Sargassum Fulvellum ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Skin Damages

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been reported to induce cutaneous inflammation such as erythema and edema via induction of proinflammatory enzymes and mediators.Sargassum fulvellumis a brown alga of Sargassaceae family which has been demonstrated to exhibit antipyretic, analgesic, antiedema, antioxidant, antitumor, fibrinolytic, and hepatoprotective activities. The purpose of this study is to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of ethylacetate fraction of ethanol extract ofSargassum fulvellum(SFE-EtOAc) in HaCaT keratinocytes and BALB/c mice. In HaCaT cells, SFE-EtOAc effectively inhibited UVB-induced cytotoxicity (60 mJ/cm2) and the expression of proinflammatory proteins such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, SFE-EtOAc significantly reduced UVB-induced production of proinflammatory mediators including prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO). In BALB/c mice, topical application of SFE-EtOAc prior to UVB irradiation (200 mJ/cm2) effectively suppressed the UVB-induced protein expression of COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-αand subsequently attenuated generation of PGE2and NO as well. In another experiment, SFE-EtOAc pretreatment suppressed UVB-induced reactive oxygen species production and exhibited an antioxidant potential by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in HaCaT cells. These results suggest that SFE-EtOAc could be an effective anti-inflammatory agent protecting against UVB irradiation-induced skin damages.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rice Bran Extract on Arterial Blood Pressure, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naphatsanan Duansak ◽  
Pritsana Piyabhan ◽  
Umarat Srisawat ◽  
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot ◽  
Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background. Inflammation and hypertension are primary mechanisms involving in obesity-associated adverse effects of a high-fat diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice bran extract (RBE) on arterial blood pressure, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Methods. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups, including a normal-diet control group, a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% kcal from fat) group, an HFD group treated with RBE (220 mg/kg/day), and an HFD group treated with 1100 mg/kg/day for eight weeks. Besides body weight and arterial blood pressure, we determined liver values of total cholesterol, triglyceride, as well as percent body fat, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Results. The HFD group had increased body weight, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, NF-κB, COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and decreased mRNA eNOS in the aorta. Mice of the HFD group receiving RBE had reduced diastolic blood pressure, as well as significantly decreased liver and serum TNF-α and MDA levels in the liver, and reduced NF-κB levels in both the liver and heart. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that RBE decreases diastolic blood pressure, the liver lipid droplet accumulation, liver and myocardial NF-κB, myocardial COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and oxidative stress. Moreover, RBE may improve endothelial function and may alleviate adverse health effects associated with obesity including obesity-associated hypertension.

The hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extracts of Penthorum chinense Pursh against acute alcohol-induced liver injury is associated with ameliorating hepatic steatosis and reducing oxidative stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1510-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Wei Cao ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
Da-Yong Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Jing Zhang ◽  
Yuan-Jia Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Penthorum Chinense Pursh ◽  
Penthorum Chinense

Aqueous extracts ofPenthorum chinensePursh, a health food and folk medicine, protects against acute alcohol-induced liver injury.

scholarly journals Anti–Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of the Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Cyrtophyllum Turcz in Copper Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Hang Nguyen ◽  
Hong Diep Le ◽  
Thanh Nguyen Thi Kim ◽  
Hai Pham The ◽  
Thi Mai Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Arthritis ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Oxidative stress and inflammation are commonly present in many chronic diseases. These responses are closely related to pathophysiological processes. The inflammatory process can induce oxidative stress and vice versa through the activation of multiple pathways. Therefore, agents with antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities are very useful in the treatment of many pathologies. Clerodendrum cyrthophyllum Turcz, a plant belonging to the Verbenaceae family, is used in Vietnamese traditional medicine for treating migraine, hypertension, inflammation of the throat, and rheumatic arthritis. Despite its usefulness, studies on its biological properties are still scarce. In this study, ethanol extract (EE) of leaves of C. cyrtophyllum showed protective activity against CuSO4 toxicity. The protective activity was proven to relate to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EE exhibited relatively high antioxidant activity (IC50 of 16.45 µg/mL) as measured by DPPH assay. In an in vivo anti-antioxidant test, three days post fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae were treated with different concentrations of EE for 1 h and then exposed to 10 µM CuSO4 for 20 min to induce oxidative stress. Fluorescent probes were used to detect and quantify oxidative stress by measuring the fluorescent intensity (FI) in larvae. FI significantly decreased in the presence of EE at 5 and 20 µg/mL, demonstrating EE’s profound antioxidant effects, reducing or preventing oxidative stress from CuSO4. Moreover, the co-administration of EE also protected zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage from CuSO4 through down-regulation of hsp70 and gadd45bb expression and upregulation of sod. Due to copper accumulation in zebrafish tissues, the damage and oxidative stress were exacerbated overtime, resulting in the upregulation of genes related to inflammatory processes such as cox-2, pla2, c3a, mpo, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (il-1ß, il-8, tnf-α, and il-10, respectively). However, the association of CuSO4 with EE significantly decreased the expression of cox-2, pla2, c3a, mpo, il-8, and il-1ß. Taken together, the results suggest that EE has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and may be useful in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Loliolide and Ethanol Extract from Fresh Water Green Algae, Prasiola japonica

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Park ◽  
Eunju Choi ◽  
Sunggyu Kim ◽  
Dong Kim ◽  
Ji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Melanoma B16f10

Loliolide is a monoterpenoid hydroxylactone found in many algae, including fresh water green algae, Prasiola japonica. To date, loliolide and compounds in P. japonica have not been studied systematically with respect to skin pharmacology. In this study, we investigated oxidative stress-protective and anti-melanogenic effects of loliolide and P. japonica ethanol extract (Pj-EE), known to contain loliolide, in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and mouse melanoma (B16F10) cells. Loliolide suppressed the transcription of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS), which were induced in HaCaT cells by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. Loliolide and Pj-EE not only reduced the melanin secretion and content in B16F10 cells but also increased the expression of the antioxidant proteins nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in HaCaT cells subjected to H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, loliolide and Pj-EE decreased expression of the anti-melanogenic protein microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase in B16F10 cells subjected to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) treatment. Our findings demonstrate that loliolide and Pj-EE have antioxidant and anti-melanogenic effects on skin.

scholarly journals Penthorum chinense Pursh alleviates ethanol-induced hepatic oxidative impairment in zebrafish via AMPK / p62 / Nrf2 / mTOR pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xingtao zhao ◽  
mengting zhou ◽  
ying deng ◽  
chaocheng guo ◽  
li liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Sequestosome 1 ◽  
Penthorum Chinense Pursh ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Penthorum Chinense

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: In China, Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP) is renowned for its effectiveness in “promoting blood circulation” and “removing blood stasis”. It can “relieve the liver” and its application in the field of liver protection, including viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver, liver fibrosis, has been known for hundreds of years.Aim of the study: Oxidative stress is widely believed to exert a key role in the pathophysiology of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Therefore, antioxidant therapy reflects a reasonable strategy for the prevention and treatment of ALD. Hence, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of PCP in ethanol-induced liver injury.Methods: Treatment of liver-specific transgenic zebrafish larvae (lfabp: EGFP) at three days post-fertilization (3 dpf) with different concentrations of PCP (100, 50, 25 μg / mL) for 48 h was followed by soaking in 350 mmol / L ethanol for 32 h. Liver function and fat accumulation were identified by phenotypic indicators and biochemical kits. The related proteins and gene expression were further estimated by western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Finally, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was adopted to analyze the chemical composition of PCP extract.Results: Firstly, PCP mediated alleviation of ethanol-induced steatosis and reduction of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) related indexes were evident. Dose-dependent decrease of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in zebrafish substantiated the role of PCP in relieving oxidative stress. Furthermore, PCP induced downregulation of sequestosome 1 (p62 / SQSTM1, p62), Atg13 and Beclin 1 expression promoted autophagy. Meanwhile, PCP contributed to the hepatoprotective function by downregulating the expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and upregulating the expression of nucleus factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which activated cytoprotective related gene HO-1. Moreover, HPLC of PCP extract confirmed the presence of various polyphenols with potential antioxidant effects. Finally, PCP appeared to promote the activated protein kinase (AMPK) / p62 / Nrf2 / mTOR signaling pathways, which were related to oxidative stress and autophagy in zebrafish.Conclusion: This study claimed that by activating the AMPK / p62 / Nrf2 / mTOR signaling pathway, PCP could attenuate ethanol-induced liver injury in zebrafish.

Bio-assay guided identification of hepatoprotective polyphenols from Penthorum chinense Pursh on t-BHP induced oxidative stress injured L02 cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2074-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anqi Wang ◽  
Shengpeng Wang ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
Meiwan Chen ◽  
Yitao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Penthorum Chinense Pursh ◽  
Penthorum Chinense ◽  
L02 Cells ◽  
Bio Assay

This study identified an active fraction and quercetin as chemical principles for the traditional hepatoprotective herb Penthorum chinense.

scholarly journals Penthorum Chinense Pursh Protects Liver From Alcohol-induced Steatosis in Zebrafish by Mechanisms Including Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Increase in Autophagy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingtao Zhao ◽  
Mengting Zhou ◽  
Ying Deng ◽  
Chaocheng Guo ◽  
Li Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Penthorum Chinense Pursh ◽  
Penthorum Chinense ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Abstract BackgroundAs an ATP-gated ion channel, P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) affects lipid metabolism by activating the dangerous molecule ATP derived from liver cells caused by alcohol. Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP), known as “shenxiancao”, plays a significant role in treating liver disease among Miao people. We first investigated whether liver protection mechanism of PCP mediated by P2X7R. MethodsFirst, treatment of zebrafish transgenic (fabp10: EGFP) larvae with different concentrations of PCP after 48 h at 3 dpf, then soaked in 350 mmol/L ethanol for 32 h. Subsequently the ameliorative effect of PCP in zebrafish with alcoholic hepatosteatosis was studied. In addition, gene expression related to lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and autophagy was detected from the mRNA level by RT-qPCR and related proteins were measured by Western blot. Then, larvae were stimulated with ATP alone to explore whether PCP was the target of P2X7R.ResultsPCP significantly improved liver function and lipid deposition in zebrafish with alcoholic hepatosteatosis, and regulated the expression of SREBP1, CHREBP and FAS by elevating LKB1 and AMPK, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of fatty acids. Also, SIRT1 was suppressed in the model group, while PCP upregulated the expression. Inecreased expression of PPARα, decreased PPARγ, and CPT1 then promoted the oxidation of fatty acids. PCP dose-dependently decreased intracellular ROS production in zebrafish, then reduced MDA activity elevation and increased GSH, CAT and SOD levels. The specific mechanism may be realized by up-regulating the antioxidant pathway of Keap1/Nrf2 and down-regulating the autophagy pathway of PI3K/Akt/mTOR to regulate lipid metabolism. After ATP stimulation, P2X7R is further activated, which in turn regulated Keap1/Nrf2 and mTOR/PI3K/Akt mRNA expression, while PCP reversed these changes.ConclusionsPCP may be a target of P2X7R involvement in the regulation of this mechanism through up-regulation of the antioxidant pathway of Keap1/Nrf2 and down-regulation of the autophagic pathway of mTOR/ PI3K/Akt to regulate lipid metabolism, suggesting that blocking P2X7R is an emerging strategy for the therapy of ALD.

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