scholarly journals Daily Costs and Cost Effectiveness of Glaucoma Fixed Combinations in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Chenjia Xu ◽  
Ruru Guo ◽  
Dandan Huang ◽  
Jian Ji ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Fixed Combination ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Daily Cost ◽  
Adrenergic Blocker ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Reduction Cost ◽  
Economical Choice ◽  
Yearly Cost

Background. The aim of this study was to compare the daily costs and cost effectiveness of fixed combination glaucoma drugs in China. Methods. This study included the following fixed combination drugs: brinzolamide 1% and timolol 0.5% (Azarga; Alcon, Inc., Fort Worth, TX, USA), travoprost 0.004% and timolol 0.5% (DuoTrav; Alcon, Inc.), bimatoprost 0.03% and timolol 0.5% (Ganfort; Allergan, Inc., Dublin, Ireland), and latanoprost 0.005% and timolol 0.5% (Xalacom; Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA). Five bottles of each drug were measured. The mean actual volume, mean actual number of drops, volume per drop, daily cost, yearly cost, and per mmHg reduction cost for each drug were calculated. Results. The volumes per drop ranged from 32.61 ± 2.90 μl (DuoTrav) to 24.38 ± 0.23 μl (Ganfort). The number of usage days per bottle varied from 36 days (DuoTrav) to 61 days (Ganfort). Azarga had the lowest daily cost ($0.23) and yearly cost ($84.72), while DuoTrav had the highest daily cost ($0.79) and yearly cost ($287.02). Azarga costed $2.17–$3.30 per mmHg intraocular pressure reduction, which was lower than the other three drugs. For the prostaglandin and ß-adrenergic blocker FCs, Ganfort had the lowest daily cost ($0.35) and per mmHg reduction cost (from $3.40 to $4.04). Conclusions. The daily costs of these drugs were significantly different, with Azarga having the lowest daily cost and best cost effectiveness. For the prostaglandin and β-adrenergic blocker fixed combinations, Ganfort was the most economical choice with its lower daily cost and per mmHg reduction cost. The results of this study could provide drug selection guidance from an economic perspective, but various factors should be considered when making a decision.

scholarly journals The Cost-Effectiveness of Bike Share Expansion to Low-Income Communities in New York City

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenya Yu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Boshen Jiao ◽  
Zafar Zafari ◽  
Peter Muennig
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Low Income ◽  
York City ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Bike Share

Growing AP in Gotham

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-93
Author(s):  
Chester E. Finn ◽  
Andrew E. Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
New York ◽  
Advanced Placement ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
School Reforms ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
College Board ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Growth Initiative

This chapter assesses how the nation's largest school district, New York City, is tackling its own Advanced Placement (AP) challenge. In 2018, the city's Department of Education (DOE) housed more AP students than all but a dozen states. It is therefore not surprising that the challenge of effecting any major change in how AP works in Gotham is gargantuan when placed alongside a city like Fort Worth. Yet the story of AP in the Big Apple shares many of the same dynamics seen in Texas. As recently as 2015–16, more than a hundred of the city's four-hundred-plus high schools offered no AP courses at all—and many of those schools are located in poor neighborhoods full of African American, Hispanic, and immigrant youngsters. Over the years, municipal leaders sought in various ways to rectify this obvious inequity, even as they undertook myriad other high school reforms. One such growth initiative came in September of 2013, when the DOE joined forces with the College Board and the National Math and Science Initiative (NMSI) to launch an “AP Expansion” program meant to last three years. Two years later, Mayor Bill de Blasio declared—as part of his own ambitious education initiatives—that AP would be introduced into every high school that did not already have it. The chapter then analyzes in detail these two citywide initiatives, including their early results and some lessons that may be drawn from their experience to date.

Standardizing quality breast cancer care throughout all New York university facilities.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
Anna C. Pavlick ◽  
Freya Ruth Schnabel ◽  
Amy Tiersten ◽  
Matthew Volm ◽  
Jennifer J. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
New York ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Breast Cancer Care ◽  
New York University ◽  
Provider Satisfaction

160 Background: NYU physicians provide breast cancer care (BCC) at several locations throughout New York. The NYU Clinical Cancer Center (NYUCCC) is a private, university-based facility while Bellevue and Woodhull Hospitals are city hospitals. The diversity of BCC provided to patients (pts) in city hospitals can vary greatly from that of private centers and intra-center physician variability also diversifies care. This variability can impact on pt satisfaction and outcomes. Breast cancer (Br Ca) pts make up the greatest number of pts seen and treated at all NYU affiliated sites, therefore, a "Br Ca Quality of Care Program" will be incorporated into the electronic medical record (EMR) at all facilities. A treatment algorithm based on the pt’s stage and a simple "drop-down menus" will simplify use. It will encompass diagnostic imaging, pathology, biopsy procedures, surgery, radiation, chemo, and hormonal therapy as well as survivorship guidelines for maintaining wellness. Methods: Leaders of each Br Ca program have identified potential barriers to care and rectifiable issues. Algorithms and “drop down menus” in the EMR will be presented to the NYUCCC Br Ca physicians for feedback. This tool will then be refined and launched at NYUCCC. After evaluating this program at NYUCCC, the data will be presented to the all NYUCCC faculty. Achieving the city hospitals to adopt this EMR program will be the ultimate success and standardized quality care will be the result. Results: An assessment of the endpoints of physician adherence to guidelines, cost effectiveness and pt/provider satisfaction will be conducted 6 months later. Random audits of breast cancer pt charts will evaluate provider compliance. A cost analysis of this care will be done and compared to a random sampling of previously treated pt charts. Review and analysis of this data would be presented to the NYUCCC faculty, then programs launched at both city-hospitals. Conclusions: If the endpoints of quality standardized care, cost effectiveness and pt/provider satisfaction are met, incorporation of similar programs into other high volume oncologic disease entities seen at all NYU facilities would be developed.

scholarly journals Costs and Cost Effectiveness of a Health Care Provider–Directed Intervention to Promote Colorectal Cancer Screening

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (32) ◽  
pp. 5370-5375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena Shankaran ◽  
Thanh Ha Luu ◽  
Narissa Nonzee ◽  
Elizabeth Richey ◽  
June M. McKoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
New York ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Academic Detailing ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Cost

Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening remains underutilized in the United States. Prior studies reporting the cost effectiveness of randomized interventions to improve CRC screening have not been replicated in the setting of small physician practices. We recently conducted a randomized trial evaluating an academic detailing intervention in 264 small practices in geographically diverse New York City communities. The objective of this secondary analysis is to assess the cost effectiveness of this intervention. Methods A total of 264 physician offices were randomly assigned to usual care or to a series of visits from trained physician educators. CRC screening rates were measured at baseline and 12 months. The intervention costs were measured and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was derived. Sensitivity analyses were based on varying cost and effectiveness estimates. Results Academic detailing was associated with a 7% increase in CRC screening with colonoscopy. The total intervention cost was $147,865, and the ICER was $21,124 per percentage point increase in CRC screening rate. Sensitivity analyses that varied the costs of the intervention and the average medical practice size were associated with ICERs ranging from $13,631 to $36,109 per percentage point increase in CRC screening rates. Conclusion A comprehensive, multicomponent academic detailing intervention conducted in small practices in metropolitan New York was clinically effective in improving CRC screening rates, but was not cost effective.

COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND DISABILITY DISCRIMINATION – ADDENDUM

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
D. Brock
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Disability Discrimination ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Life Years

In my article above, I cite an earlier article by Frances Kamm, ‘Deciding Whom to Help, Health-Adjusted Life Years, and Disabilities’, in Public Health, Ethics, and Equity, eds. S. Anand, F. Peters, and A. Sen (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004) (which was based on ‘Deciding Whom to Help, the Principle of Irrelevant Goods and Health-Adjusted Life Years’ (1999) circulated as a working paper of the Center for Population Studies, Harvard University). However, (1) I failed to correctly identify her position on one view that she took up in that article, and (2) also failed to cite a proposal she developed in that article similar to one I took up in my paper.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of neighbourhood slow zones in New York City

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boshen Jiao ◽  
Sooyoung Kim ◽  
Jonas Hagen ◽  
Peter Alexander Muennig
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
York City ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis

BackgroundNeighbourhood slow zones (NSZs) are areas that attempt to slow traffic via speed limits coupled with other measures (eg, speed humps). They appear to reduce traffic crashes and encourage active transportation. We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of NSZs in New York City (NYC), which implemented them in 2011.MethodsWe examined the effectiveness of NSZs in NYC using data from the city’s Department of Transportation in an interrupted time series analysis. We then conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis using a Markov model. One-way sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo analyses were conducted to test error in the model.ResultsAfter 2011, road casualties in NYC fell by 8.74% (95% CI 1.02% to 16.47%) in the NSZs but increased by 0.31% (95% CI −3.64% to 4.27%) in the control neighbourhoods. Because injury costs outweigh intervention costs, NSZs resulted in a net savings of US$15 (95% credible interval: US$2 to US$43) and a gain of 0.002 of a quality-adjusted life year (QALY, 95% credible interval: 0.001 to 0.006) over the lifetime of the average NSZ resident relative to no intervention. Based on the results of Monte Carlo analyses, there was a 97.7% chance that the NSZs fall under US$50 000 per QALY gained.ConclusionWhile additional causal models are needed, NSZs appeared to be an effective and cost-effective means of reducing road casualties. Our models also suggest that NSZs may save more money than they cost.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document