scholarly journals Enhancing the Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils in the Sudd Wetlands, South Sudan, Using Organic Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ruley ◽  
A. Amoding ◽  
J. B. Tumuhairwe ◽  
T. A. Basamba ◽  
E. Opolot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Hyparrhenia Rufa

Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils is a challenging process. In an effort to enhance phytoremediation, soil was artificially contaminated with known concentration of light crude oil containing Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) at a concentration of 75 gkg−1 soil. The contaminated soil was subjected to phytoremediation trial using four plant species (Oryza longistaminata, Sorghum arundinaceum, Tithonia diversifolia, and Hyparrhenia rufa) plus no plant used as control for natural attenuation. These phytoremediators were amended with concentrations (0, 5 and 10 gkg−1 soil) of organic manure (cow dung). Results at 120 days after planting, showed that application of manure at concentrations of 5 and 10 gkg−1 soil combined with an efficient phytoremediator can significantly enhance reduction of TPH compared to natural attenuation or use of either manure or a phytoremediator alone (p<0.05). The study also showed that a treatment combination of manure 5 gkg−1 soil, with a phytoremediator gives a similar mean percentage reduction of TPH as manure 10 gkg−1 soil (p>0.05). Therefore, the study concludes that use of phytoremediators and manure 5 gkg−1 soil could promote the restoration of TPH contaminated-soils in the Sudd region of South Sudan.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Clay With High Oil Content and Biological Response After Restoration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Li ◽  
Jinling Li ◽  
Chengtun Qu ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Mingming Du
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Content ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The clay with high oil content form soil lumps, which is hard for microbes to repair. In this paper, the bioremediation + biostimulation was applied to improve the bioremediation effect of the soil with high oil content, that modified by local cow dung and sandy soil, the ecological toxicity of the soil after restoration was further analyzed. After 53 days of bioremediation, the degradation efficiency with respect to the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) content reached 76.9% ± 2.2%; the soil bacterial content reached 4.9 × 107 CFU/g soil and the results were better than those in the natural attenuation M1group of experimental soils. The relative abundances of petroleum-degrading bacteria added to M5 remained high (Achromobacter 9.44%, Pseudomonas 31.06%, and Acinetobacter 14.11%), and the proportions of some other indigenous bacteria (Alcanivorax and Paenibacillus) also increased. The toxicity of the bioremediated soil was reduced by seed germination and earthworm survival experiments.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Potentials of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in an Oilfield Wastewater in Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Aleruchi Owhonka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated the potential of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola as mixed cultures in the biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPHs in oilfield wastewater. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil producing platform and biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated using standard methods. Fungi were isolated from oilfield wastewater contaminated soils obtained from the vicinity of the oil producing platform. Experimental control set-up and treatment with mixed culture of fungal isolates were periodically analyzed on days 7 and 21 intervals for total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation using Gas Chromatography (GC). The total amount of TPHs on day 1 recorded 381. 871 mg/l.  The amount of TPHs on days 7 and 21 in the mixed culture of fungi was 108.975 mg/l and 21.105 mg/l respectively while TPHs in control was 342.891 mg/l and 240.749 mg/l respectively. There was a significant difference between the mixed culture and the control on days 7 and 21 at p≤0.05. The results therefore revealed actual and significant reduction of TPHs in the mixed culture. In addition, there was clearance of n-alkanes by the mixed culture. This suggests that fungi have great potentials in biodegradation of TPHs and in remediation of TPH contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Enhancement of Kenaf Plant (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Grown on Spent Oil Polluted Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Olajumoke Oke Fayinminnu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Oil pollution especially Spent Lubricating Oil is a wide environmental problem in Nigeria. It constitutes potential toxic effects on soil, flora, fauna and humans and also making the environment unsightly. This study assessed the potential of kenaf plant as a phytoremediator grown in spent oil polluted soil for a period of 84 days (12 weeks). Pot experiment was conducted in the Nursery site of the Moist Forest Research Station, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The treatments: amended (with organic manure) and unamended (without organic manure) soils and three pollution levels (0, 3 and 6%) of spent engine oil, each filled in eight-liter plastic pots with 6 kg soil. Growth parameters: plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves were collected and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in soil was determined. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Results at 12 weeks (84 days) showed amended (control 0%) treatment having highest plant height (112.17 cm), stem diameter (8.92 cm) and number of leaves (178.43), while 6% unamended level of pollution had the lowest plant height (26.78 cm), stem height (1.62 cm) and number of leaves (8.06). Amended soil had the highest total percentage reduction of TPH (75.90, 90.05 and 90.30%), when compared with unamended soil with lowest values (76.88, 85.18 and 82.36%) at 0, 3 and 6 pollution levels, respectively. Reduction of TPH in the phytoremediation process was in this order of pollution levels 6%> 3%> 0%. This study revealed effectiveness of kenaf with organic amendment in remediating Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in oil polluted soil, hence a good potential phytoremediator.

scholarly journals FITOREMEDIASI TANAH TERKONTAMINASI MINYAK BUMI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN RUMPUT BAHIA (Paspalum notatum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Teddy Irawan ◽  
Bintal Amin ◽  
Sofia Anita
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Petroleum Waste ◽  
Bahia Grass ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

The increasing need for fuel derived from petroleum is also in line with the increased exploration and production activities of petroleum. Besides producing crude oil products, this activity also produces petroleum waste. This waste will pollute the soil which will have an impact on environmental damage, disruption of human health and other living things. Therefore according to Veegha (2008), an efficient and environmentally friendly method for treating petroleum waste is needed. One of the waste treatment methods is using phytoremediation method. Phytoremediation is defined as a technology for cleaning, removing or reducing harmful pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and toxic organic compounds in soil or water using the help of plants. This research was conducted for three months from September to November 2019 at the open nursery of PT. CPI with paranet shade 60%. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of bahia grass (P. notatum) in degrading Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in petroleum-contaminated soils in the Rokan Block PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia and analyze the socio-economic impact of phytoremediation on local communities. The results showed that the effectiveness of Bahia (P. notatum) grass proved effective in reducing the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in petroleum-contaminated soils in the Rokan Block operating area of PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia. The percentage of effectiveness shows a decrease in value of up to 58.38%. The socio-economic impact of phytoremediation on local communities has a positive impact with the planned phytoremediation activities using bahia grass with the community as work agents for planting the grass.

Hydrocarbon treatability study of Antarctica soil with Fenton’s reagent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Beal ◽  
Ashley Mossell ◽  
Jay Clausen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Fenton’S Reagent ◽  
Fenton's Reagent ◽  
Mcmurdo Station ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Annual International Conference

The study objectives were to determine the effectiveness of Fenton’s Reagent and Modified Fenton’s Reagent in reducing Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations in petroleum-contaminated soil from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Comparisons of the contaminated soils were made, and a treatability study was completed and documented. This material was presented at the Association for Environmental Health and Sciences Foundation (AEHS) 30th Annual International Conference on Soil, Water, Energy, and Air (Virtual) on March 25, 2021.

scholarly journals Biotreatment of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Popoola ◽  
A. A. Olanbiwonninu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
A Value ◽  
Treatment Measures

Biodegradation of hydrocarbons by microorganisms represents one of the primary mechanisms by which petroleum and other hydrogen pollutants are eliminated from the environment. This work was carried out on the effect of microorganisms on the biotreatment of oil in crude oil contaminated soil. Microorganisms were isolated from two experimental soil samples contaminated with Bonny Crude and normal uncontaminated soil as a control over a period of seven months. The microbial as well as the physico-chemical parameters of the soil samples were all analyzed using standard methods. Changes in total petroleum hydrocarbon level were measured appropriately. Treatments used were the microbial isolates. Forty-four microorganisms were isolated from the contaminated soils and identified as species of Pseudomonas (7), Flavobacterium (6), Bacillus (8), Proteus (4), Klebsiella (1), Pencillium (5), Aspergillus (7), Fusarium (3), Trichypton (2) and Neurospora (1). Ten of the forty-four isolates had ability to degrade crude oil in the laboratory. On contamination a value of 1.0X105 cfu/g in microbial counts were obtained followed by a subsequent increase in population levels after a period of 2months with a value of 1.0X106 cfu/g. Oil application to the soil resulted in an increase in total petroleum hydrocarbon from 0.31 ppm to 5.53 ppm; organic matter from 0.41% to 7.34%; available phosphorus from 1.75 ppm to 2.84 ppm. The treatment measures all showed progressive decrease in oil concentration in the soil. Mixture of bacterial and fungal isolates as a treatment measure proved to be more favourable above all others, it brought the concentration from 5.53 ppm to 0.31 ppm after a period of 5 weeks of treatment, which is same value with the normal soil (uncontaminated). Species of Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Proteus, Klebsiella, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichyphyton and Neurospora had potential for the degradation of bonny crude oil. They could therefore be employed in environmental cleanup of petroleum spill site.

Efficacy of Amendments in TPH Removal during Bioremediation of Agricultural Crude Oil-polluted Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Barisiale Baranu ◽  
Chimezie Ogugbue ◽  
Gideon Okpokwasilli
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Organic Nitrogen

This study identified the efficacy of different amendments as biostimulants in bioremediation. This experiment was carried out for 4 weeks in the laboratory. One kilogram of pristine soil was spiked with one liter of crude oil in earthen pots, to each pot 10 grams of amendments were added and mixed thoroughly. The amendments used were poultry dropping (C-PD), cow dung (D-CD), N.P.K (E), and a control (A and B) setup undergoing natural attenuation. The microcosms’ initial physicochemical characteristics such as total organic nitrogen, pH, temperature, total organic carbon, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). The microbial enumeration was done for total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB). The molecular characterization of the pristine soil (A) and contaminated soil (B) was also done using the shotgun analysis. The THB of A and B was 1.3 x 107 and 2.1 x 102 while the HUB was 1.63 x 105 and 1.1 x 101on day 1 respectively. The THB of treatments during bioremediation at week 2 was 1.75 x 108, 1.89 x 108, 1.5 x 108 and 2.2 x 108 while at week 4, the THB was 1.90 x 108, 2.1 x 108, 2.20 x 108 and 2.25 x 108 while the HUB at week 2 was 1.20 x 105, 3.0 x 105, 2.5 x 105 and 1.98 x 105 while at week 4, the HUB was 2.0 x 106, 2.19 x 106, 2.46 x 106 and 2.1 x 106 for B, PD, CD ,and N.P.K respectively. The molecular characterization of A and B showed there was a higher microbial diversity in the contaminated soil than in the pristine soil. This study has shown that cow dung is more effective in the bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbon, and polyaromatic hydrocarbon in crude oil-contaminated soil.

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