scholarly journals CBS-Induced H2S Generation in Hippocampus Inhibits EA-Induced Analgesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wen-Jing Ren ◽  
Jia Fu ◽  
Hai-Yan Yin ◽  
Neng-Gui Xu ◽  
Chun-Zhi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Important Mediator ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Allosteric Activator

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important mediator participating in both physiological and pathological systems and related to the inflammatory process. Acupuncture has a therapeutic effect on inflammatory pain. However, whether H2S generated in the central nervous system (CNS) is a mediator of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment for inflammatory pain is unknown. We injected complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to induce inflammatory pain and applied EA treatment as an interventional strategy for pain relief. The results presented here show that S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM), an allosteric activator of cystathionine-β-synthetase (CBS), may reverse the therapeutic effect of EA. CBS-induced H2S generation might get involved in the mechanism of EA-induced analgesia in the hippocampus on chronic inflammatory pain.

scholarly journals Paeoniflorin Attenuates Inflammatory Pain by Inhibiting Microglial Activation and Akt-NF-κB Signaling in the Central Nervous System

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 842-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Hu ◽  
Guangtao Xu ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
Long Xu ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Pain Model ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background/Aims: Paeoniflorin (PF) is known to have anti-inflammatory and paregoric effects, but the mechanism underlying its analgesic effect remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of PF on Freund’s complete adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: An inflammatory pain model was established by intraplantar injection of CFA in C57BL/6J mice. After intrathecal injection of PF daily for 8 consecutive days, thermal and mechanical withdrawal thresholds, the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, microglial activity, and the expression of Akt-NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord tissue were detected by animal ethological test, cell culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence histochemistry, and western blot. Results: PF inhibited the spinal microglial activation in the CFA-induced pain model. The production of proinflammatory cytokines was decreased in the central nervous system after PF treatment both in vivo and in vitro. PF further displayed a remarkable effect on inhibiting the activation of Akt-NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion: These results suggest that PF is a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory pain and merits further investigation.

The practical value of the method of indirect X-ray therapy for certain skin diseases

1936 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-852
Author(s):  
F. C. Epstein ◽  
V. O. Lushchitsky
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Experimental Works

The mechanism of action of X-ray irradiation on the course of certain skin diseases, especially those whose etiology is unknown, is not yet entirely clear. There is no doubt that the autonomic nervous system, functionally and anatomically connected both with the central nervous system and with all organs and tissues, and in particular with the skin (its vessels, sweat and sebaceous glands), has an effect on all functions of the skin, its trophism and course inflammatory processes. Although the details of this effect on the inflammatory process have not been clarified and are still very contradictory, nevertheless a number of experimental works of old and recent times indicate an intimate dependence of the inflammatory process in the skin on the nervous system (Spiess, Thomas, Luvis, Speransky, Greenstein, Alperin and others).

scholarly journals Treatment of the bone marrow stromal stem cell supernatant by nasal administration—a new approach to EAE therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Wantong Zhai ◽  
Jiahui Zhu ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Xiaoyi Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Nasal Administration ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Functional Features

Abstract Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). CNS has its own unique structural and functional features, while the lack of precision regulatory element with high specificity as therapeutic targets makes the development of disease treatment in the bottleneck. Recently, the immunomodulation and neuroprotection capabilities of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) were shown in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the administration route and the safety evaluation limit the application of BMSC. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of BMSC supernatant by nasal administration. Methods In the basis of the establishment of the EAE model, the BMSC supernatant were treated by nasal administration. The clinical score and weight were used to determine the therapeutic effect. The demyelination of the spinal cord was detected by LFB staining. ELISA was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in serum of peripheral blood. Flow cytometry was performed to detect pro-inflammatory cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes. Results BMSC supernatant by nasal administration can alleviate B cell-mediated clinical symptoms of EAE, decrease the degree of demyelination, and reduce the inflammatory cells infiltrated into the central nervous system; lessen the antibody titer in peripheral bloods; and significantly lower the expression of inflammatory factors. As a new, non-invasive treatment, there are no differences in the therapeutic effects between BMSC supernatant treated by nasal route and the conventional applications, i.e. intraperitoneal or intravenous injection. Conclusions BMSC supernatant administered via the nasal cavity provide new sights and new ways for the EAE therapy.

Pathologic Factors and Spectrum of Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 531-539
Author(s):  
Claudia F. Lucchinetti ◽  
Yong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Autoreactive T Cells ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults. It is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Traditionally, MS has been considered an autoimmune disorder consisting of myelin autoreactive T cells that drive an inflammatory process, leading to secondary macrophage recruitment and subsequent myelin destruction. However, accumulating data based on increasing numbers of probes that can be effectively applied to MS tissue have indicated that the events involved in the immunopathogenesis of MS may be more complicated.

Clinical significance of a single cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin band: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852097822
Author(s):  
Maud Tusseau ◽  
Estelle Cheli ◽  
Romain Marignier ◽  
Françoise Poitevin ◽  
Christophe Malcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: To demonstrate an inflammatory process in the central nervous system, the presence of at least two immunoglobulin (Ig) bands in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is required. So far, the presence of a single abnormal Ig band is considered as negative. Objective: The objective was to assess retrospectively the significance of a single CSF Ig band in clinical practice. Methods and results: Out of 10,286 CSF analyses, we retained 214 results with single Ig. An inflammatory neurological disorder was diagnosed in 41% of patients. Conclusion: Despite a modest sensitivity, the presence of a single CSF Ig band may be a biomarker of an inflammatory mechanism and, as such, may prompt the clinician to repeat the analysis when the clinical context remains suggestive.

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